Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and it’s common among adults. Smoking is an important risk factor for periodontitis induces alveolar bone loss. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme is involved in the destruction of the human periodontium. It is produced by many cells such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, osteoblasts, macrophages and fibroblasts within the area of the periodontium and gingival crevice. Osteocalcin is one of the most abundant matrix proteins found in bones and the only matrix protein synthesized exclusively there. Smaller Osteocalcin fragments are found in areas of bone remodeling and are actually degradation products of the bone matrix.The purpose of

KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, AA Zeena, IOSR J Dent Med Sci, 2015 - Cited by 5

Background: Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor that has a clear strong association with the prevalence and severity of chronic periodontitis (CP). Salivary biochemical parameters may be affected by both smoking and CP together. Materials and methods: Eighty systematically healthy male patients were included in this study. They were grouped based on their periodontal and smoking status. Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) was collected from all subject. Salivary flow rate (FR) was measured during sample collection. Parameters such as salivary pH, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total fucose (TF), protein bound fucose (PBF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were estimated. Results: Salivary flow rate was not altered regarding to smoking

The discussion in this paper gives several theorems and lemmas on the Sums of Squares of  consecutive Carol Numbers. These theorems are proved by using the definition of carol numbers and mathematical induction method. Here the matrix form and the recursive form of sum of squares of  consecutive Carol numbers is also given. The properties of the Carol numbers are also derived.

        This paper discusses the Sums of Squares of “m” consecutive Woodall Numbers. These discussions are made from the definition of Woodall numbers. Also learn the comparability of Woodall numbers and other special numbers. An attempt to communicate the formula for the sums of squares of ‘m’ Woodall numbers and its matrix form are discussed. Further, this study expresses some more correlations between Woodall numbers and other special numbers.

Objectives: to assess chronic diseases patients’ knowledge toward stroke risk factors and warning signs, besides
determining the relationship between chronic diseases patients’ knowledge and their sociodemographical
characteristics.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at public medical clinics which has started from December
2
nd, 2008 to August 8th, 2009. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (300) chronic diseases individuals who
were clients of Public Medical Clinics who have one or more of the following chronic diseases (hypertension,
diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, and previous stroke), in Baghdad city. The data were collected through the use
of a constructed questionnaire which consists

The present research studies numbers and its uses in the Islamic ornament. The study consists of four chapters; the first is dedicated to the problem of the research, the value of the study, and the aim of the study, and its limit. The problem of the study deals with the uses of numbers in Islamic ornament and how these numbers were used for aesthetic purposes. What are the analytical bases that enable us to read the geometrical compositions ornament numerically? The value of the research is the study forms an analytical and visual study of the numbers in the Islamic ornamentation. Additionally, this study is an aesthetic assessment to the philosophy of the number and its uses in Islamic architecture. The study is limited to the ornament