This study aims to determine the reasons for the increase in the frequency of sand and dust storms in the Middle East and to identify their sources and mitigate them. A set of climatic data from 60 years (1960–2022) was analyzed. Sand storms in Iraq are a silty sand mature arkose composed of 72.7% sand, 25.1% silt, and 2.19% clay; the clay fraction in dust storms constitutes 70%, with a small amount of silt (20.6%) and sand (9.4%). Dust and sand storms (%) are composed of quartz (49.2, 67.1), feldspar (4.9, 20.9), calcite (38, 5), gypsum (4.8, 0.4), dolomite (0.8, 1.0), and heavy minerals (3.2, 6.6). Increasing temperatures in Iraq, by an average of 2 °C for sixty years, have contributed to an increase in the number of dust storm

كان لسياسات االحتالل دور بارز في فشل مشروع إعادة بناء الدولة في افغانستان، وفي الوقت نفسه تتحمل دول االحتالل المسؤ و لية الكاملة عن بعض هذه ً كبي ارً السياسات مثل عدم التخطيط الجيد لمرحلة االحتالل وإعادة بناء الدول ة، ثم إن جزءا من فشل هذه السياسات يرجع الى البيئتين المحلية واإلقليمية ، كذلك كان للخبرة السياسية والدستورية وللواقع االجتماعي الثقافي األفغاني تأثيرهما المهم في قدرة المجتمع األفغاني ً على قبول

اهمية البحث والحاجة اليه :

            في بداية ظهور التلفزيون كانت البرامج المقدمة تعتمد على المنوعات والمسرحيات المنقولة من المسرح . وقد استفاد التلفزيون من الفنون التي سبقته مثل المسرح فنرى ان :

" محطات التلفزيون بادرت بتسجيل المسرحيات المتعددة لتملأ بها ساعات الارسال " [1]

            وكذلك

يتناول هذا البحث اساسيات التعامل بين الرسول الأعظم r وبين المخالفين له في المعتقد، وضرورة التسامح الديني الذي أقره الاسلام وطبقه الرسول الكريم r في حياته، وعلمه لأصحابه الكرام t، وأصناف الناس الذين تعايش معهم الرسول r مدة سيرته العطرة، لاسيما الكفار وأهل الكتاب والمنافقين، مستندا إلى كتب التفسير والحديث النبوي الشريف، وقد جعل الباحث لكل منهم مبحثا مستقلا ، ثم انتهى إلى الخاتمة وأهم التوصيات .

The Arabic language is one of the important magazines that issued in our contemporary history not only on the Iraqi level but according Arabic one as well because it considered

Abstract—Over the two past decades, the rapid integration of capital markets underlined the necessity for developing a single set of high quality international accounting standards. The growing acceptance of international accounting standards has given power for International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to work and develop this project. Iraq is a country where its accounting practices have been influenced by different philosophies from outside and inside Iraq during its modern history. After the fall of Saddam Hussain international institutions have begun to play an important role in reshaping Iraq’s economy including its accounting for oil. This paper investigates the challenges and opportunities for Iraq in transitioning from it

      Field of translation is sampled with many types of translation, such as the literary, scientific, medical, etc. The translation of grammatical aspects has always been with difficulties.

Political translation is the focus here. There are many general problems faced by translators when translating political texts from Arabic into Spanish. The aim here is to clarify the definition of functions or terms within the text, and to arrive at the correct from of translation of such texts from Spanish into Arabic.  It is worth mentioning that the paper is of two parts: the first exemplifies what is meant by translation, the prerequisites of a translator, along with mentioning the methods followed&nbs

Tanqua anomala (von Linstow,1904) specimens were recovered, from the lining wall of the gastro-intestinal tract of the dice snake Natrix tessellate tessellate (Laurenti, 1768) collected in Baghdad city, central Iraq. Measurements of the males, females and a comparison of the nematode with other studies tabulated. Reporting of Tanqua anomala from this snake represents the first record for Iraq as well as a new host record.

The present study aims to present a proposed realistic and comprehensive cyber strategy for the Communications Directorate for the next five years (2022-2026) based on the extent of application and documentation of cybersecurity measures in the Directorate and the scientific bases formulating the strategy. The present study is significant in that it provides an accurate diagnosis of the capabilities of the cyber directorate in terms of strengths and weaknesses in its internal environment and the opportunities and threats that surround it in the external environment, based on the results of the assessment of the reality of cybersecurity according to the global Cybersecurity index, which provides a strong basis for building its strategic dire