The current study was conducted for studying the impact of cold plasma on the expression level of three genes that participate in the biosynthesis of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Ocimum basilicum. These studied genes were cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (c4h), 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4cl), and eugenol O-methyl transferase (eomt). Also, the cold plasma impact was studied on the essential oil components and their relation with the gene expression level. The results demonstrated that cold plasma seeds germination of the treated groups 2 (initially for 3 minutes and 3 minutes after 7 days) ,and group 3(initially for 5 minutes and 3 minutes after 7 days) were faster than the control group. Also, the height average of the mature plants of groups 2and 3 was between (50 to73), (50 to 100) cm, respectively compared to the control group which was (40 to 70cm). Moreover, the results indicated significant differences (P-value ≤0.01) in the level of gene expression, which increased for the c4h, 4cl, and eomt genes in group 2 about (5.63 ±0.39), (3.42 ±040) ,and (5.41±0.23) folds respectively compared with untreated control. Additionally, the level of gene expression increased for the c4h, 4cl, and eomt genes in group 3 about (42.34 ±049), (4.13 ±0.38), and (6.29 ±0.71) folds compared with untreated control(1.00 ±0.00) folds.Concerning the contents of essential oil for the control group, group 2, and group 3 were 0.434%, 0.713, and 0.792% (v/w) respectively. Moreover, the general composition of the essential oil in the examined sweet basil, phenylpropanoids was the eugenol compound and its derivatives for the control group, group 2, and group 3 which were 2.76%, 8%, and 11% (v/w) respectively. We concluded that the atmospheric cold plasma has shown an effect on gene expression and essential oil content of phenylpropanoid compounds in Ocimum basilicum L. cultivated in Iraq, as the essential oil contents have important therapeutic properties.
Evaluation of “Holy Quran & Islamic Education” Curriculum for Second Intermediate Stage from Perspectives of Teachers & Supervisors of material A Field Study conducted in the Directorates-General of Education in Baghdad Governorate. It goes without saying that educational curricula for students of all stages of schooling are in bad need of reviewing, evaluation and revision. The Islamic education curriculum is no exception, since it is a basic subject that plays a role in developing the individual’s moral and conscientious aspects, promotes his/her inner discipline and helps establish coherence with the values system of the community to which he/she belongs.
Based on the foregoing, the evaluation process of
... Show MoreIn order to reduce hydrostatic pressure in oil wells and produce oil from dead oil wells, laboratory rig was constructed, by injecting LPG through pipe containing mixture of two to one part of East Baghdad crude oil and water. The used pressure of injection was 2.0 bar, which results the hydrostatic pressure reduction around 246 to 222 mbar and flow rate of 34.5 liter/hr fluid (oil-water), at 220 cm injection depth. Effects of other operating parameters were also studied on the behavior of two phase flow and on the production of oil from dead oil wells.
The present study involves experimental analysis of the modified Closed Wet Cooling Tower (CWCT) based on first and second law of thermodynamics, to gain a deeper knowledge in this important field of engineering in Iraq. For this purpose, a prototype of CWCT optimized by added packing under a heat exchanger was designed, manufactured and tested for cooling capacity of 9 kW. Experiments are conducted to explore the effects of various operational and conformational parameters on the towers thermal performance. In the test section, spray water temperature and both dry bulb temperature and relative humidity of air measured at intermediate points of the heat exchanger and packing. Exergy of water and air were calculated by applying the exergy
... Show MoreBackground: The present study involved the following parts, the first part is evaluation of the levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), creatinine, uric acid(UA) and albumin in patients with diabetic nephropathy comparison with the group of healthy as a control group. The second part is the measurement and evaluation of oxidative stress represented in the malondihydehyde(MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress as well as the identification of vitamins C and E as an antioxidant in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN) compared with the healthy group. Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate oxidative stress by calculate malondialdehyd as biomarker and evaluate some vitamins such as vit C and vit E as antioxidants in diabetic neph
... Show MoreOsteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder that is characterized by reduced bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. The most frequent osteoporotic fractures are fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine. The exact causes of OP are still unknown; several factors contribute to the disorder. Subjects and Methods: This study consists of patient groups, this group (Group A) was composed of 80 postmenopausal women with OP and osteopenia and the patient group was subdivided into two group; First group (GroupA1) was composed of 50 postmenopausal women with OP and the second group (Group A2) composed of (30) Postmenopausal Women with oste
... Show MoreAbstract
In this manuscript, a simple new method for the green synthesis of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) utilizing F. carica Fig extract as reducing agent for antimicrobial activities was reported. Simultaneously, the microstructural and morphological features of the synthesized Pt NPs were thoroughly investigated. In particular, the attained Pt NPs exhibited spherical shape with diameter range of 5-30 nm and root mean square of 9.48 nm using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), respectively. Additionally, the final product (Pt NPs) was screened as antifungal and antibacterial agent against Candida and Aspergillus species as well as Gram-positive Staphyllococcus aureus and G
... Show MoreIn spite of the contemporary development over the world in pertaining of modernization and its differences about the transformation of the knowledge but, the important instrument to transfer the thoughts and information did not have change except the language. So the evolutionary process became as a torrent or fusillade above the cliff which drifted anything. So that the objective inquiry and impressed with varieties of development the casement to evaluate the linguistic or re - correction highlight article in order to preserve on the origins of the language and its sobriety.
Today, we have different correspondence and social media as
Aspirin and clopidogrel are considered the most important oral platelets aggregation inhibitors. So it is widely used for treatment and prophylaxis of cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases related to platelets aggregation .In this study aspirin and clopidogrel were formulated together as floating bilayer tablet system. Three different formulas of 75 mg aspirin were prepared by wet granulation method as immediate release layer; different disintegrants used to achieve rapid disintegration. Formula with crosscarmellose as disintegrant achieve rapid disintegration was selected for preparation of bilayer tablet.
Different formulas of 75 mg clopidogrel were prepared as sustained release floating layer by wet granulation (effe
... Show MoreThe main problem of this research is the delay of implementation of the investment plan projects for the period (2013-2016) and the weakness of the staff ability in the ministries and they don’t have the sufficient experience to carry out the implementation process.
Therefore, the research aims to evaluate the implementation of programs and projects of the investment plan in a manner consistent with the objectives set for them without any wasteful of efforts, time and money. And then identify the problems and obstacles to determine the deviations of the implementation of the specific for each sector according to the criteria of evaluation and the form of cost, quality, time and implementation.<
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