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Ammonia Removal in Free-Surface Constructed Wetlands Employing Synthetic Floating Islands: Employing synthetic floating islands
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Free water surface constructed wetlands (FSCWs) can be used to complement conventional waste water treatment but removal efficiencies are often limited by a high ratio of water volume to biofilm surface area (i.e. high water depth). Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) consist of floating matrices which can enhance the surface area available for the development of fixed microbial biofilms and provide a platform for plant growth (which can remove pollutants by uptake).  In this study the potential of FTWs for ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) removal was evaluated using experimental mesocosms operated under steady-state flow conditions with ten different treatments (two water depths, two levels of FTW mat coverage, two different plant densities and a control, all replicated three times). A simple model was constructed as a framework for understanding N dynamics in each treatment.  The model was calibrated using data obtained from one treatment and validated independently for the other treatments. Specifically, we hypothesized that the nitrification and volatilization rate constants are inversely proportional to water depth and proportional to mat surface area. This allowed the relative magnitude of different removal mechanisms to be estimated.  The model was able to predict steady-state concentrations of AN and total oxidized nitrogen (TON) across the different treatments well (values for correlation in the regression between measured and predicted steady-state concentrations and RMSE were 0.88 and 0.40 mg N L-1 for AN, and 0.63 and 1.75 mg N L-1 for TON).  The results confirm that nitrification is the principal AN removal process, with maximum removal occurring in shallow systems with high matrix cover (i.e. a high ratio of biofilm surface area to water volume). Plant uptake was a relatively minor loss process compared to nitrification. Integrated experimental and model-based approach was found to be a useful tool to improve mechanistic understanding AN dynamics in FSCWs and system performance.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Noise Removal of ECG Signal Using Recursive Least Square Algorithms
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This paper shows an approach for Electromyography (ECG) signal processing based on linear and nonlinear adaptive filtering using Recursive Least Square (RLS) algorithm to remove two kinds of noise that affected the ECG signal. These are the High Frequency Noise (HFN) and Low Frequency Noise (LFN). Simulation is performed in Matlab. The ECG, HFN and LFN signals used in this study were downloaded from ftp://ftp.ieee.org/uploads/press/rangayyan/, and then the filtering process was obtained by using adaptive finite impulse response (FIR) that illustrated better results than infinite impulse response (IIR) filters did.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management
Synthesis of nano-magnetite and magnetite/synthetic geopolymer nano-porous composite for application as a novel adsorbent
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In this work magnetite/geopolymer composite (MGP) were synthesized using a chemical co-precipitation technique. The synthesized materials were characterized using several techniques such as: “X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample-magnetometer (VSM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Barrentt-Joyner-Halenda (BJH)” to determine the structure and morphology of the obtained material. The analysis indicated that metal oxide predominantly appeared at the shape of the spinel structure of magnetite, and that the presence of nano-magnetite had a substantial impact on the surface area and pore st

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 08 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Removal of Amoxicillin from Water by Adsorption on Water Treatment Residues
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The presence of residual antibiotics in water results in the development of antibiotics resistant genes. The available wastewater treatment systems are not capable of removing such antibiotics from sewage. Thus, antibiotics need to be removed before the discharge of wastewater. Adsorption is among the promising techniques for the wastewater treatment to aid the removal of a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. The present work is a contribution to the search for an economical method for the removal of low concentrations of amoxicillin (AMX) from water by adsorption on water treatment residue, WTR, taken from a local drinking water facility. The chemical composition and the adsorptive characteristics of the material were first

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Removal of Suspended Solids Using Pumice Stone in Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge Process
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Wastewater treatment plants operators prefer to make adjustments because they are more cost effective, to use the existing tank instead of building new ones. In this case an imported materials would be  used as bio-loads to increase biomass and thus maintain efficiency as the next organic loading increases.In the present study, a local substance "pumice stone" was used as a biological carrier in the aeration tank, and the experiments were carried out in five stages: without biological carriers, filling ratio of 4%,10%,20%, and25% with pumice stone, the maximum organic loading at each stage (1.1884, 1.2144, 1.9432, 2.7768, 3.3141)g BOD /l.d respectively.Other experiments were carried out to determine the best filling ratio, the SS remova

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Solvability of Some Types for Multi-fractional Integro-Partial Differential Equation
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In this article, the solvability of some proposal types of the multi-fractional integro-partial differential system has been discussed in details by using the concept of abstract Cauchy problem and certain semigroup operators and some necessary and sufficient conditions. 

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 05 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Influence of Optical Fiber Diameters on the Performance of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor
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In this research, a sensor for chemical solutions was designed and formed using optical fiber-based on a surface Plasmon resonance technology. A single-mode optical fiber with three different diameters (25, 45 and 65) µm was used, respectively.  The second layer of the low refractive fiber was replaced by gold, which was electrically deposited at 40 µm thickness. For each of the three types of optical fiber, different saline concentrations (different index of refraction) were used to evaluate the performance of the refractive index sensor (chemical sensor) by measuring its sensitivity and resolutions. The highest values we could get for these two parameters were 240mm/RIU, and 6*10-5 RIU respectively, when the diameter of a

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Improving the Performance of Constructed Wetland Microbial Fuel Cell (CW- MFC) for Wastewater Treatment and Electricity Generation
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The current study deals with the performance of constructed wetland (CW) incorporating a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. The whole unit is referred to as CW-MFC. This technique involves two treatments; the first is an aerobic treatment which occurs in the upper layer of the system (cathode section) and the second is anaerobic biological treatment in the lower layer of the system (anode section). Two types of electrode material were tested; stainless steel and graphite. Three configurations for electrodes arrangement CW-MFC were used. In the first unit of CW-MFC, the anode was graphite plate (GPa) and cathode was also graphite plate (GPc), in the second CW-MFC unit, the anode was stainless st

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2016
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Clinical Research
EFFECT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL MATRIX TABLET PREPARED BY DRY GRANULATION
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ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study is to develop a controlled release matrix tablet of candesartan cilexetil to reduce the frequency of administration,enhance bioavailability and improve patient compliance; a once daily sustained release formulation of candesartan cilexetil is desirable.Methods: The prepared tablets from F1 to F24 were evaluated with different evaluation parameters like weight variation, drug content, friability,hardness, thickness and swelling ability. In vitro release for all formulas were studied depends on the type and amount of each polymer, i.e. (16 mg,32 mg and 48 mg) respectively beside to the combination effect of polymers on the release of the drug from the tablet.Results: In vitro release show

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Asian J Pharm Clin Re
EFFECT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL MATRIX TABLET PREPARED BY DRY GRANULATION
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Removing of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solutions Using Dried Yogurt, and Studying Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters
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     In this study, Yogurt was dried and milled, then shaked with distilled water to remove the soluble materials, then again dried and milled. Batch experiments were carried out to remove hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. Different parameters were optimized such as amount of adsorbent, treatment time, pH and concentration of adsorbate. The concentrations of Cr6+ in solutions are determined by UV-Visible spectrophotometer.  Maximum percentage removal of Cr6+ was 82% at pH 2. Two equilibrium adsorption isotherms mechanisms are tested Langmuir and Freundlich, the results showed that the isotherm obeyed to Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic models were applied to the adsorption of Cr6+ ions on the adsorbents, ps

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