This paper is intended to focus on the existing relation between 'logic' and 'meaning', and how 'meaning' is looked at through logical perspective. Besides, this paper adopts simple logical symbols to represent some aspects of meaning.

    Since meaning is still regarded as a thorny area that needs further study to determine its nature and borderline, this paper proposes to resort to logic and logical rules. This paper points out how logical rules are used and how they clarify some oblique sentences. The paper also sheds light on how meaningful sentences are logically symbolized and how logic can define the borderline of meaning in an adequate manner. This paper hypothesizes that logic, l

This article studies a comprehensive methods of edge detection and algorithms in digital images which is reflected a basic process in the field of image processing and analysis. The purpose of edge detection technique is discovering the borders that distinct diverse areas of an image, which donates to refining the understanding of the image contents and extracting structural information. The article starts by clarifying the idea of an edge and its importance in image analysis and studying the most noticeable edge detection methods utilized in this field, (e.g. Sobel, Prewitt, and Canny filters), besides other schemes based on distinguishing unexpected modifications in light intensity and color gradation. The research as well discuss

Image Fusion is being used to gather important data from such an input image array and to place it in a single output picture to make it much more meaningful & usable than either of the input images. Image fusion boosts the quality and application of data. The accuracy of the image that has fused depending on the application. It is widely used in smart robotics, audio camera fusion, photonics, system control and output, construction and inspection of electronic circuits, complex computer, software diagnostics, also smart line assembling robots. In this paper provides a literature review of different image fusion techniques in the spatial domain and frequency domain, such as averaging, min-max, block substitution, Intensity-Hue-Saturation(IH

The most influential theory of ‘Politeness’ was formulated in 1978 and revised in 1987 by Brown and Levinson. ‘Politeness’, which represents the interlocutors’ desire to be pleasant to each other through a positive manner of addressing, was claimed to be a universal phenomenon. The gist of the theory is the intention to mitigate ‘Face’ threats carried by certain ‘Face’ threatening acts towards others.

            ‘Politeness Theory’ is based on the concept that interlocutors have ‘Face’ (i.e., self and public – image) which they consciously project, try to protect and to preserve. The theory holds that various politeness strategies are used to prot

Synthesis and study liquid crystalline properties of novel Benzimidazol-8-hydroxyquinoline complexes by reaction of a-Chloro acetic acid with 3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diamine in 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide to synthesized compound [I] then the later compound reacted with o-phenylenediamine in 4N Hydrochloric acid to synthesized compound N4,N4'-bis((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine =[II] . While the complexes [III],[IV],[V],[VI] and [VII] synthesized from reacted compound [II] , 8-hydroxyquinoline with metal(II) salts { M= Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni (II), Cu(II),and Zn(II)}. Newly synthesized compounds were characterized using melting points, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, and some of them 1H NMR spectroscopy. ma

Onchocerciasis is an infection with cutaneous, ocular and systemic manifestations caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus, which is transmitted by the bite of various species of the anthropophilic blood-sucking Simulium vectors (black flies). Onchocerciasis is endemic to the savannahs and rainforests of subequatorial Africa and in some countries of the Arabian Peninsula, notably Yemen and Oman, and in Central America, and the Amazon basin of South America. Onchocercomas, which can be defined as subcutaneous fibrous nodules containing adult worms, are among the variable clinical manifestations of this infestation; they are either superficial or deep and usually located over bony prominences. In this paper we report a case of an o

Hydatid cystic or cystic echinococcosis disease remains a major challenge due to its medical and veterinary importance and its widespread spread all over the world as well as the economic losses caused by this disease, whether for humans or farm animals. Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent for this disease, targeting the liver and lungs primarily and in varying proportions of the rest of the body. This disease is characterized by the non-appearance of pathological symptoms for long periods as its appearance depends on the size, number and site of the cysts formed and the type of organ infected and surgery is still the most effective solution for the disposal of hydatid cysts. Dogs and the rest of Canidae family represent the fina

Nature and natural beauty have always been the source of inspiration for poets and mystics.  For them, nature is one of the most recurrent and celebrated themes. It is a significant symbol of the beauty, righteousness and freshness they are looking for. For religious and mystical poets, it is a reference to God, his beauty, and splendour. Comparing it with the scripture, Thomas Ryan, a Catholic priest and a mystical writer, says ''The Bible is the 'small book', the world of nature is the 'big book'. Both reveal the Creator.''¹

     For Muslim mystics, God does exist everywhere as the Qur'an states:   ''Wherever (Whithersoever)  you turn, there is God's face” (Chapter (Surah): 2

Optimization of well placement plays a considerable role in the production and maximizing the net present value of the investment of oil field developments. However, the application of the optimization techniques in well placement developments is so complicated because many decision variables, objective functions, and constraints are involved in the well placement optimization case. Furthermore, many computational techniques; conventional and non-conventional, have been utilized to optimize well placement operations. This study displays the advancement of the optimization methods applied in the well placement. Subsequently, the study assorted the applied optimization methods, and it demonstrates the restriction and the range of implementati

This study aims to analyze the spectral properties of plasma produced from rice husk(Rh) using the laser breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) method. The plasma generation process used the fundamental harmonic (1064 nm) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is a man-made crystalline material. The laser fired pulses with a duration of 10 ns and a repetition rate of 6 Hz. Thus, the energy outputs achieved were 50–200 mJ at the wavelength of 1064 (nm). The silica content in the rice hulls was verified using an XRF measurement, which revealed the presence of silica in the rice hulls in a high percentage. Precise beam focusing was achieved by focusing the laser on the target material. This target material is placed with