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bsj-4685
Concentrations and Radiation Hazard Indices of Naturally Radioactive Materials for Flour Samples in Baghdad Markets
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In the present work, Uranium (238U), Thorium (232Th) and Potassium (40K) specific activity concentration in (Bq/kg) was measured in five different types for wheat flours that are available in the Iraqi markets. The gamma spectrometry method with an NaI (Tl) detector has been used for radiometric measurements. Calculations of radium equivalent activity, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), representing gamma index and gamma dose rate in all  flour samples were 17.98132 Bq/kg, 0.0100334, 0.04502, 0.04857, 0.06872, 0.125883 and 8.181244 respectively. It is found that the average of specific activity concentration of wheat flour samples for 238U, 232Th and 40K are 7.4564 Bq / kg, 6.27962 Bq / kg and 20.0658 Bq / kg respectively. This study proves that the natural radioactivity and radiation hazard indices were lower than the safe.

    Measurements of hazard indices show that the concentrations of these isotopes in all samples are within the allowable limits internationally.

    The Radium Equivalent Activity, Annual Effective Dose Equivalent, External hazard index (Hex), Internal hazard index   (Hin), represented Gamma Index and Gamma Dose Rate are also calculated. All data were measured at the March of 2019.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Improvement of the surface hardness and wear resistant of low carbon steel using laser radiation
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of Multishapes of Fe3O4 Nanoparticle by Solve-Hydrothermal Method Using Microwave Radiation
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Iron oxide(Fe3O4) nanoparticles of different sizes and shapes were synthesized by solve-hydrothermal reaction assisted by microwave irradiation using ferrous ammonium sulfate as a metal precursor, oleic acid as dispersing agent, ethanol as reducing agent and NaOH as precipitating agent at pH=12. The synthesized Fe3O4 nano particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and thermal analysis TG-DTG. Sizes and shapes of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM).

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 14 2018
Journal Name
Radiation Effects & Defects In Solids
Effect of gamma and beta radiation on I–V characterization of the solar cell panel
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Optoelectronic devices, widely used in high energy and nuclear physics applications, suffer severe radiation damage that leads to degradations in its efficiency. In this paper, the influence of gamma radiation (137Ce source) and beta radiation (90Sr source) on the photoelectric parameters of the Si solar cell, based on the I–V characterization at different irradiation exposer, has been studied. The penetrating radiation produces defects in the base material, may be activated during its lifetime, becoming traps for electron–hole pairs produced optically and, this will, decrease the efficiency of the solar cell. The main objective of the paper is to study and measure changes in the I–V characteristics of solar cells, such as efficienc

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of thermal annealing and laser radiation on the optical properties of AgAlS2 thin films
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Effect of the thermal annealing at 400oC for 2 hours and Argon laser radiation for half hour on the optical properties of AgAlS2 thin films, prepared on glass slides by chemical spray pyrolysis at 360oC with (0.18±0.05) μm thickness .The optical characteristics of the prepared thin films have been investigated by UV/Vis spectrophotometer in the wavelength range (300 – 1100)nm .The films have a direct allow electronic transition with optical energy (Eg) values decreased from (2.25) eV for untreated thin films to (2.10) eV for the annealed films and to (2.00) eV for the radiated films. The maximum value of the refractive index (n) for all thin films are given about (2.6). Also the extinction coefficient (K) and the real and imaginary d

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
MIXED CONVECTION PHENOMINA AFFECTED BY RADIATION IN A HORIZONTAL RECTANGULAR DUCT WITH COCENTRIC AND ECCENTRIC CIRCULAR CORE
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The numerical investigation has been performed to study the radiation affected steady state laminar mixed convection induced by a hot inner varied positions circular core in a horizontal rectangular channel for a fully developed flow. To examine the effects of thermal radiation on thermo fluid dynamics behavior in the eccentric geometry channel, the generalized body fitted co-ordinate system is introduced while the finite difference method is used for solving the radiative transport equation. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations. These equations are normalized and solved using the Vorticity-Stream function. After validating numerical results for the case without radiation, the detailed rad

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
MIXED CONVECTION PHENOMINA AFFECTED BY RADIATION IN A HORIZONTAL RECTANGULAR DUCT WITH COCENTRIC AND ECCENTRIC CIRCULAR CORE
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The numerical investigation has been performed to study the radiation affected steady state laminar mixed convection induced by a hot inner varied positions circular core in a horizontal rectangular channel for a fully developed flow. To examine the effects of thermal radiation on thermo fluid dynamics behavior in the eccentric geometry channel, the generalized body fitted co-ordinate system is introduced while the finite difference method is used for solving the radiative transport equation. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations. These equations are normalized and solved using the Vorticity-Stream function. After validating numerical results for the case without radiation, the detailed radiatio

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 02 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Big five personality factors and relationship the Academic procrastination among Baghdad university students
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The aimed of the research was recognize the Big five personality factors and Academic procrastination among Baghdad university students, recognized differences between the gender according to   Big five personality factors and Academic procrastination , to recognized differences between specialization (scientific, human), and to recognize the relationship Between the variables of the research, and the extend of contribution Big five personality factors in Academic procrastination , to achieve these aims , Adopt scale to measure the Big five personality factors for (John Danahue & Kentle) , As we as the preparation of scale Based on An amber of previous scales to measure Academic procrastination, After processing the data st

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 09 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of Continuing Nursing Education Program on Nursing Staffs, Knowledge at Kidney Transplantation Units in Baghdad Teaching Hospitals
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Objective: The study aims to determine the effectiveness of the continuing nursing education
program on nursing staffs knowledge in kidney transplantation unit and to find out the relationship
between nursing staffs knowledge and demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, and
years of experiences in kidney transplantation unit).
Methodology: A quasiexperemental design (One-group Pretest - Posttest design) was carried out in
kidney transplantation units at Baghdad Teaching Hospitals, from December 2011 to July 2012. A nonprobability
(purposive sample) of (16) nurses were selected from kidney transplant units at Baghdad
teaching hospitals, the choice was based on the study criteria. The data were collec

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 22 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Satellite TV sites among the Iraqi public's sources about the demonstrations Field study in Baghdad 2020
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This research is based on the idea of showing the extent to which the public relies on satellite channels as sources for news of the demonstrations in Iraq .This was the essence of the problem for which the researcher set several goals, including knowing the public’s confidence in the news of these satellite channels and comparing them with others. The researcher chose an available intended sample of (117) respondents in Baghdad - Karkh and Rusafa by adopting the survey method and applying a questionnaire form and the theory of media dependence for the period from 15/11/2019 to 1/1/2021 . By using statistical methods, the researcher reached many results, the most important of which are: Satellite channels are a source for 79% of the pu

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of Nd-YAG, XeCl, and Nitrogen Laser Radiation on Human Aorta , and Some Arterial Tissues
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The effect of laser radiation on human aorta, coronary, and pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins has been investigated. Xenon-Chloride (eximer), Nitrogen, and Nd-YAG pulsed lasers of wavelengths 308, 337, and 1060 nm respectively were used. Their effects on fresh postmortem tissues, normal and diseased, was studied. The diameter and depth of ablation of the exposed tissues, in air, were measured as a function of many factors related to the type of laser and nature of the tissue. The effect of properties of the applied lasers, such as average power density and deposited energy density, on the exposed tissue surface were studied. The increase of these two parameters cause an increase in the depth and diameter of ablation. However the di

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