In this paper, we investigate the basic characteristics of "magnetron sputtering plasma" using the target V2O5. The "magnetron sputtering plasma" is produced using "radio frequency (RF)" power supply and Argon gas. The intensity of the light emission from atoms and radicals in the plasma measured by using "optical emission spectrophotometer", and the appeared peaks in all patterns match the standard lines from NIST database and employed are to estimate the plasma parameters, of computes electron temperature and the electrons density. The characteristics of V2O5 sputtering plasma at multiple discharge provisos are studied at the "radio frequency" (RF) power ranging from 75 - 150 Watt and gas pressure (0.03, 0.05 and 0.007) torr. One can observe that the intensity of the emission lines increases with increasing the sputtering power. We find that the electron temperature excess drastically from 0.95 eV to 1.11eV when the emptying gas pressure excess from 0.03 to 0.05 Torr. On other hand excess electron temperature from 0.9 to 1.01 eV with increasing sputtering power from 100 to 125 Watt, while the electron density decrease from 5.9×1014 to 4.5×1014 cm-3 with increasing sputtering power. and electron density decrease with increasing of pressure from 4.25×1014 to 2.80×1014 cm-3, But the electron density maximum values 5.9×1014 at pressure 0.03 Torr.
In IRAQ, the air conditioners are the principal cause of high electrical demand. In summer, the outer temperature sometimes exceeds 500C which significantly effects on the A/C system performance and power consumed. In the present work, the improvement in mechanical and electrical performance of split A/C system is investigated experimentally and analytically. In this paper, performance and energy saving enhancement of a split-A/C system was experimentally investigated to be efficiently compatible with elevated temperature weathers. This improvement is accomplished via Smart Control System integrate with Proportional-Integral- Differential PID algorithm. The PIC16F877A micro-controller has been programmed with the PID and PWM c
... Show MoreLocal news is an important topic of the press because of its importance to readers. It touches their daily life in one way or another, which makes them interested in and followers of them. Hence the importance of local news, as it interests a wide segment of readers.
There are many sources of newspapers for obtaining local news, as these sources are distributed to the newspaper's own sources and external sources.
Self-sources are the newspaper's own sources, through which it is possible to obtain this news, such as the representatives of the newspaper and its correspondents and the journalists working in it. This is the example in this way.
The external sources are distributed to local and international news agencies and sa
Diese Forschungsarbeit versteht sich als ein Versuch zur Bestimmung einer der neuen Unterrichtsmethoden, die den Lernenden im Fach Deutsch besonders interessant vorkommen.Der Unterricht soll in einer Atmosphäre, die frei von Zeitdruck, Angst und Zensurdruck ablaufen lassen, damit werden die Studenten ermutigt, die Nutzung von Spiel zu ihrer eigenen Sache machen, um die Spielziele Spaß, Empathie, Zusammenarbeit und Kommunikation zu realisieren. Das Hauptlernziel des Fremdsprachenunterrichts ist es, Lernenden zu ermöglichen, in der Zielsprache zu kommunizieren.
Wir konzentrieren uns in diesem Beitrag auf eine wichtige sprachliche Fertigkeit, die den rezeptiven Fertigkeiten gehört, die ist das Hörverstehen.
Das Hörvers
... Show MoreGrowing interest in the subject of corporate governance after the repercussions of financial collapses of some of the leaders of American companies and European, and the consequent crisis of confidence in global financial lists of companies due to weak accounting disclosure and transparency, was quick from many countries and international organizations to adopt the concept in an attempt to improve the situation of companies and promote transparency and prevent further financial crises in the future. Based on this background, the present study aims to shed light on the concept of exercising the powers of governance that has become invitations for adoption in Iraq of great importance, given the increasing role of corporations both restrict
... Show MoreIt is a common Knowledge that adverbs in Turkish languages can modify verbs, adjectives, nouns or other adverbs. Moreover, adverbs can determine the meanings of nouns and verbs in a sentence as far as time, place, manner, quantity and interrogative are concerned. The present study debates adverbs’ functions in Namiq Kamal’s play Vatan yahut Silistre.
The study sheds light on the author’s use of the adverbs to describe the required theatrical actions of the play and to convey his reflections and thoughts easily to the auidence. One of the main hindrances encountered in conducting the study is the shortage of the upto date academic resources necessary for
... Show Moreيهدف هذا البحث إلى تأصيل الإستدلال بالقاعدة العقائدية، وبيان ضوابطه، وإبراز نماذج من أهم تطبيقاته المعاصرة، وقد أعتمد مناهج من أهمها المنهج الإستقرائي والمنهج المقارن ، وتناول البحث التعريف لقصص النبوة فى الأديان السماوية ، وعرض بعض الدراسات السابقة التى تناولت نفس الموضوع ، ثم تطرق البحث لذكر نماذج من قصص الأنبياء من الديانات السماوية الثلاث ، وتوصل البحث الى أن الأديان السماوية رغم بعض الإختلاف
... Show MoreResearch questions start from the fact that what the Arab origins of education indicted . First question are :
- To what extent the subject of assets acquired a specific meaning in the Arabic books and educational subjects ? Is these selections are reflected on the classification of assets and their types ?
- What’s the nature of the content ? .Is there a consistency between the meaning and content ?
- What entrances handling and curriculum approach and tactics are in those books ?
- Is the assets subject introduced within the grade best suited ?
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... Show Moreتتطلب كرة القدم الحديثة تطوير الصفات البدنية والمهارية للوصول باللاعب إلى لمستويات العليا، ولما كانت هذه الصفات مرتبطة مع بعضها البعض، فانها تتطلب ان يتم تطويرها معا في نفس الوقت دون تنمية كل صفة على حده، وإن توافر الحد الأدنى من الصفات البدنية كمتطلبات أساسية للأداء المهاري يعتبر الهدف الأساسي للتخطيط لأي برنامج تدريبي، وإن الصفات البدنية لها مفهوم شاسع وواسع الاستعمال في مجال البحوث الرياضية، وقد أعطيت ع
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