novel spectrofluorimetric flow injection analysis (FIA) method was developed for the selective quantification of ascorbic acid via fluorescence quenching of serotonin hydrochloride. The system employs a custom-designed photometric array comprising 16 irradiation sources arranged in a dual-axis matrix—eight aligned horizontally and eight orthogonally, enabling multi-angle excitation and enhanced spectral resolution. Fluorescence signals were captured using a twin-pair solar cell detector, offering high sensitivity and minimal optical interference. The method exhibited a linear calibration range of 0.1–30 limit of detection (LOD) of 0.025 μ μ g/mL with a correlation coefficient (r mol /L, equivalent to 4.403 * 10 4 μ 2 ) of 0.9966, a g

The removal of yellow(W6GS) dye has been studied, by using Nano chitosan . Adsorption isotherms were studied under different Temperatures , the effect of salt ions and Equilibrium time were investigated . Adsorption isotherms were found to be comparable to the Langmuir equation .the adsorption results were evidently increased with the high temperature (Endothermic process ). The functions were calculated (ΔH, ΔG, ΔS) were calculated. The Kinetics of the adsorption was studied. The results were treated according to (Lagergren equation). The Kinetic experimental data properly correlated with the pseudo First order kinetic model

Increased diseases and obesity currently due to increased production and excessive consumption of foods manufactured from non-food sweeteners without attention to the risk of consuming those additional high calories due to consuming these refreshing products such as juices and other various drinks, especially in the summer season by most segments of Iraqi society, especially workers, children and school students the aim of this study. Therefore, the study designed to replace sucrose with 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05% of each of the white stevia crystals and milled dry stevia leaves in the laboratory manufacture of juices and its effect on the general and sensory characteristics and the extent of their acceptability among the specialized r

The inhibitive action of Reactive Red (RR31) dye against corrosion of carbon steel in 1M acetic acid solution has been studied using gravimetric method at temperature ranged (288-318)K. The antibacterial activity for the different concentrations of RR31 dye against different bacterial species was studied. The experimental data indicates that this dye acts as a potential inhibitor for carbon-steel in acetic acid medium and the protection efficiency increase with increasing (RR31) dye. The adsorption of (RR31) dye on the carbon steel surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic data for the adsorption process such as Gibbs free energy change ∆Gads, enthalpy change ∆Hads, and entropy change ∆Sads were estima

This paper  studied  kinetics  of flotation   of  emulsified  paraffine  in  water  in  bubble  column  with  sodium .dodecylsulphate as a collector agent. The effects of oil drops and air bubble diameters on the flotation rate constant were studied. The removal rate for each oil drop size was first order with respect to oil drop concentration. An experimental procedure permitting determination of the first order rate constants for  removal due to bubble/drop interaction was developed, decreasing bubble diameter by adding NaCl and increasing oil drop diameter increased the rate constants. A comparison between the experimental and theoretical rate constants showed

Electrochemical machining is one of the widely used non-conventional machining processes to machine complex and difficult shapes for electrically conducting materials, such as super alloys, Ti-alloys, alloy steel, tool steel and stainless steel.  Use of optimal ECM process conditions can significantly reduce the ECM operating, tooling, and maintenance cost and can produce components with higher accuracy. This paper studies the effect of process parameters on surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR), and the optimization of process conditions in ECM. Experiments were conducted based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array (OA) with three process parameters viz. current, electrolyte concentration, and inter-electrode gap. Sig

Wastewater treatment plants operators prefer to make adjustments because they are more cost effective, to use the existing tank instead of building new ones. In this case an imported materials would be  used as bio-loads to increase biomass and thus maintain efficiency as the next organic loading increases.In the present study, a local substance "pumice stone" was used as a biological carrier in the aeration tank, and the experiments were carried out in five stages: without biological carriers, filling ratio of 4%,10%,20%, and25% with pumice stone, the maximum organic loading at each stage (1.1884, 1.2144, 1.9432, 2.7768, 3.3141)g BOD /l.d respectively.Other experiments were carried out to determine the best filling ratio, the SS remova

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were prepared under different pressures with values (15, 30, 60 and 120) Pa using the DC reactive magnetron homemade system with mixed gases of argon and oxygen in ratio (50:50). The result of X-ray diffraction patterns discovered that the structure of the deposited films was polycrystalline, including the phase of anatase. All the appeared peaks were matched to the planes (101), (004), (105), and (211) of diffracted states. Both the intensities and the number of the appeared peaks are declined according to the increased pressure, and the plane of (101) is be considered the preferential grown plane, it is taking a maximum texture factor. Both the lattice constant and the atomic inter-planer spacing take th