In this paper , the CO2 laser receiver system is designed and studied, with wavelength laser 10.6 ?m in room temperature , and to evaluate the performance and discussion it via the package of optical design (ZEMAX), from its output the Spot Diagram is measured through RMS ,and from the Ray fan plot , the aberrations is found which is the normal error for the best focus named (under corrected ) , the other output was the Geometric Encircled Energy in the spot diagram . and found that the radius of spot diagram at 80% (R80%) from the total energy ,and focal shift .The designed system have high efficiency and low cost .
Based on the systematic scientific investigation of artistic achievement, researchers (critics) adhere to mechanisms based on epistemology, through which it is envisaged to reveal the meaning of the achievement as the product of three actors: the effectiveness of an artistic sense, the effectiveness of an idea, and the arousal of taste according to systematic criticism procedures that investigate the new artistic achievement. Or, in a specific way, the possibility of meaning in all the accomplished from the aesthetics of artistic presentation and the character of the self-accomplished by the "artist" and the critic invokes his critical tools with certain cognitive foundations. In defining its nature from the rest of the other cultural ac
... Show MoreIn this research PbS and PbS:Cu films were prepered with thicknesses (0.85±0.05)?m and (0.55±0.5)?m deposit on glass and silicon substrate respectively using chemical spray pyrolysis technique with a substrate temperature 573K, from lead nitrate salt, thiourea and copper chloride. Using XRD we study the structure properties for the undoped and doped films with copper .The analysis reveals that the structure of films were cubic polycrystalline FCC with a preferred orientation along (200) plane for the undoped films and 1% doping with copper but the orientation of (111) plane is preferred with 5% doping with the rest new peaks of films and appeared because of doping. Surface topography using optical microscope were be checked, it was found
... Show MoreAdolescence is considered to be one of the most dangerous and delicate stages that a juvenile goes through. It is a stage which the juvenile enters while he is a child, and emerges from it by being able to have children, but this does not mean the ability to become socially and psychologically mature
Objective: To conduct a standardized method for cavity preparation on the palatal surface of rat maxillary molars and to introduce a standardized method for tooth correct alignment within the specimen during the wax embedding procedure to better detect cavity position within the examined slides. Materials and methods: Six male Wistar rats, aged 4-6 weeks, were used. The maxillary molars of three animals were sectioned in the frontal plane to identify the thickness of hard tissue on the palatal surface of the first molar which was (250-300µm). The end-cutting bur (with a cutting head diameter of 0.2mm) was suitable for preparing a dentinal cavity (70-80µm) depth. Cavity preparation was then performed using the same bur on the tooth
... Show MoreThe purpose of this research is to test the ability of the true strength index To time and manage trading in the financial market to select the best stocks and achieve a higher return than the Simple buy and hold strategy. And To achieve the objectives of the research, it relied on the main hypothesis, which is By using the True Strength Index to manage trading decisions buying and selling, can be achieved higher returns than the buy and hold strategy . The research community has been identified with all stocks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. Implementing the financial research tests requires selecting a sample from the research community that fulfills the test requirements according to a number of conditions So (38) companies we
... Show MoreThe discourse surrounding lingual sovereignty within the African postcolonial context is profoundly intertwined with the fabric of cultural identity and self-determination. Language serves not merely as a conduit for communication but as a repository for a people's collective consciousness, encapsulating their traditions, thoughts, and perspectives. In the realm of postcolonial literature, this dialogue often grapples with the paradox of expressing indigenous narratives through the linguistic tools of former colonizers. Chinua Achebe's seminal work, "Things Fall Apart," exemplifies this conundrum, artfully weaving the orature and culture of Umuofia within the English language. Achebe's choice to write in English—a language imposed upon hi
... Show Morehis study aims to determine most stable isobar from some isobaric elements with mass number (A= 50-65 & 180-195). This aim achieved by, firstly: plot mass parabolas for these isobaric family, second: calculated the atomic number for most stable isobar (ZA) value. To plot the mass parabola, the binding energy (B.E) calculated from semi empirical formula for these isobars. The mass number (A) plotted as a function to the (ZA) for each range; we get a linear relationship between them. An empirical formula for the most stable isobar has been developed from this linear dependence. From the results, we can see that mass parabolas for isobaric elements with odd mass number (A) are different from the mass parabolas of even mass number (A) isobars,
... Show MoreThe concept of decolonization of trauma has intrigued researchers for years due to its prolonged effect on personal and cultural levels. The process of intellectual decolonization involves defensive survival mechanisms, such as cultural rituals using traditional practices, nostalgic dialogues that idealize memories and recollections, and conversations about identity to navigate postcolonial trauma displacement. Symbolic connections evoke strong emotional responses, bridging the gap between the characters‘ physical dislocation and their imaginary homeland. Cocooning identity represents a space where a multidimensional self emerges—one that holds the victim of trauma, the survivor who endures, and the narrator, who constructs an idealized
... Show MoreThere are a number of obstacles in the field of work of social workers that prevent them from performing their full role. Their tasks may sometimes be easy and manageable and at other times they may be difficult and complex, however professional roles are mostly the latter, contribute to the feeling of the inability to provide the work required at the level expected by others. In such cases, the relationship binding specialists to their work is affected negatively and this has devastating effects on the professional process as a whole, including their professional practice. This feeling of helplessness and depletion of energy and effort leads to a state of fatigue and emotional exhaustion that can be defined as job burnout, our study aims t
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