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Volterra Runge- Kutta Methods for Solving Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equations
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In this paper Volterra Runge-Kutta methods which include: method of order two and four will be applied to general nonlinear Volterra integral equations of the second kind. Moreover we study the convergent of the algorithms of Volterra Runge-Kutta methods. Finally, programs for each method are written in MATLAB language and a comparison between the two types has been made depending on the least square errors.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Quest for Stability in Willa Cathar’s Novle My Antonia
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    Willa Cather (1873-1947) sought to capture the gradation of human emotion through carefully selected descriptive and narrative touches and firmly controlled management of dramatic scenes, situations, dialogue, and point of view. Cather’s novels and stories drew increasingly upon her personal experiences and memories.

    The old settlement of Virginia and the new lands of Nebraska formed the bedding ground for Willa Cather’s talents; so did the layers of memory she found across the North American continent, from New Mexico to Canada. She saw the full-blooded European immigrants, Czechs and Swedes, plowing the unbroken land, on the way up from peasants to proprietors.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Technical analysis of the salary scale for public sector employees
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            The research discusses the mechanism for analyzing the salary scale in the public sector through an analysis of grades, their stages, occupants and their financial entitlements, and the extent to which the information obtained for their investment in strategic planning, conducting correction and treatment can be used. The salaries of the employees in them, whose number is (1117) employees, to be a field of research, as the salary structure in it for the year 2019 was analyzed by relying on a number of statistical tools in the analysis process, including the arithmetic circles, upper limits, minimum limits and percentage, and with

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Photoacoustic Imaging for Tumor Detection: An in vitro Simulation Study
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Photoacoustic is a unique imaging method that combines the absorption contrast of light or radio frequency waves with ultrasound resolution. When the deposition of this energy is sufficiently short, a thermo-elastic expansion takes place whereby acoustic waves are generated. These waves can be recorded and stored to construct an image. This work presents experimental procedure of laser photoacoustic two dimensional imaging to detect tumor embedded within normal tissue. The experimental work is accomplished using phantoms that are sandwiched from fish heart or blood sac (simulating a tumor) 1-14mm mean diameter embedded within chicken breast to simulate a real tissue. Nd: YAG laser of 1.064μm and 532nm wavelengths, 10ns pulse duration, 4

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Energy Procedia
Fabrication and characterization of n- InSb Heterojunction for optoelectronic device
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Temperature dependence energy distribution function for proton-tritium fusion reaction
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The physical behavior for the energy distribution function (EDF) of the reactant particles depending upon the gases (fuel) temperature are completely described by a physical model covering the global formulas controlling the EDF profile. Results about the energy distribution for the reactant system indicate a standard EDF, in which it’s arrive a steady state form shape and intern lead to fix the optimum selected temperature.

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 27 2022
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Evaluation of Zinc Chelation Ability for Non-Hydroxamic Organic Moieties
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Implementation of Neural Control for Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)
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In this paper a dynamic behavior and control of  a jacketed continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)  is developed using different control strategies, conventional feedback control (PI and PID), and neural network (NARMA-L2, and NN Predictive) control. The dynamic model for CSTR process is described by a first order lag system with dead time.

The optimum tuning of control parameters are found by two different methods; Frequency Analysis Curve method (Bode diagram) and Process Reaction Curve using the mean of Square Error (MSE) method. It is found that the Process Reaction Curve method is better than the Frequency Analysis Curve method and PID feedback controller is better than PI feedback controller.

The results s

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
International Journal Of Astronomy And Astrophysics
Distances Scale Determination for a Planetary Nebula in Galagtic Bulge
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ABSTRACT Planetary Nebulae (PN) distances represent the fundamental parameter for the determination the physical properties of the central star of PN. In this paper the distances scale to Planetary Nebulae in the Galactic bulge were calculated re- lated to previous distances scales. The proposed distance scale was done by recalibrated the previous distance scale technique CKS/D82. This scale limited for nearby PN (D ≤ 3.5 kpc), so the surface fluxes less than other distance scales. With these criteria the results showed that the proposed distance scale is more accurate than other scales related to the observations for adopted sample of PN distances, also the limit of ionized radius (Rio) for all both optically thick and optically thin in

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Civil Engineering Journal
Simulation and Assessment of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Uses
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The alluvial fan of Mandali located between latitude 30˚45’00” N longitude 45˚30’00” E in east of Diyala Governorate, Iraq. Thirty-five wells were identified in the study area with average depth of 84 m and estimated area of 21550 ha. A three-dimensional conceptual model was prepared by using GMS program. From wells cross sections, four geological layers have been identified. The hydraulic conductivity of these layers was calculated for steady state condition, where the water levels for nine wells distributed over the study area were observed at same time. Afterward, PEST facility in the GMS was used to estimate the aquifer hydraulic characteristics. Other characteristics such as storage coefficient and specific yield have

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2015
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Favorite TV Channels / as News Sources for Iraqi University Professors.
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The growing ability of Television to transfer and present events as they occur and sometimes transfer events alive makes it the most important sources to receive news and find out what is going on in the world. These channels form the importance of multiple sources and displayed content, especially news. What adds to the importance of the research is that the people under study are Iraqi professors
The problem of the study is represented by an essential inquiry about the favorite satellite channels to obtain news for Iraqi professors
The aims of the study are identified by finding out the most favorite satellite channels as a source of news for Iraqi professors and the habits of exposer to the news by them
The research is a des

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