As the bit rate of fiber optic transmission systems is increased to more than , the system will suffer from an important random phenomena, which is called polarization mode dispersion. This phenomenon contributes effectively to: increasing pulse width, power decreasing, time jittering, and shape distortion. The time jittering means that the pulse center will shift to left or right. So that, time jittering leads to interference between neighboring pulses. On the other hand, increasing bit period will prevent the possibility of sending high rates. In this paper, an accurate mathematical analysis to increase the rates of transmission, which contain all physical random variables that contribute to determine the transmission rates, is presented. Thereafter, new mathematical expressions for: pulse power, peak power, time jittering, pulse width, and power penalty are derived. On the basis of these formulas, one can choose a certain operating values to reduce or prevent the effects of polarization mode dispersion.
Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems are used as an efficient and effective method of exchanging patients’ health information with doctors and other key stakeholders in the health sector to obtain improved patient treatment decisions and diagnoses. As a result, questions regarding the security of sensitive user data are highlighted. To encourage people to move their sensitive health records to cloud networks, a secure authentication and access control mechanism that protects users’ data should be established. Furthermore, authentication and access control schemes are essential in the protection of health data, as numerous responsibilities exist to ensure security and privacy in a network. So, the main goal of our s
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In this article we study a single stochastic process model for the evaluate the assets pricing and stock.,On of the models le'vy . depending on the so –called Brownian subordinate as it has been depending on the so-called Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG). this article aims as the estimate that the parameters of his model using my way (MME,MLE) and then employ those estimate of the parameters is the study of stock returns and evaluate asset pricing for both the united Bank and Bank of North which their data were taken from the Iraq stock Exchange.
which showed the results to a preference MLE on MME based on the standard of comparison the average square e
... Show MoreIn the drilling and production operations, the effectiveness of cementing jobs is crucial for efficient progress. The compressive strength of oil well cement is a key characteristic that reflects its ability to withstand forceful conditions over time. This study evaluates and improves the compressive strength and thickening time of Iraqi oil well cement class G from Babylon cement factory using two types of additives (Nano Alumina and Synthetic Fiber) to comply with the American Petroleum Institute (API) specifications. The additives were used in different proportions, and a set of samples was prepared under different conditions. Compressive strength and thickening time measurements were taken under different conditions. The amoun
... Show MoreApplications of quantitative methods, which had been explicit attention during previous period (the last two centuries) is the method of application sales man or traveling salesman method. According to this interest by the actual need for a lot of the production sectors and companies that distribute their products, whether locally made or the imported for customers or other industry sectors where most of the productive sectors and companies distributed always aspired to (increase profits, imports, the production quantity, quantity of exports. etc. ...) this is the part of the other hand, want to behave during the process of distribution routes that achieve the best or the least or most appropriate.
... Show MoreThe main purpose of the research is to diagnose the importance of the role that strategic memory plays with its three variables (content, structure, and processes) in helping the human resource department to use the COSO model with its five components (culture and governance, strategy and objectives, performance, communications and information, and feedback) in auditing activities and tasks Her own. As the research problem emphasized the existence of a lack of cognitive perception, of the importance of strategic memory, and the investment of its components in the rationalization of the application of the COSO model. and therefore it can be emphasized that the importance of the research is to provide treatments for problems relate
... Show MoreThe issue of the research lies in the non-representation of the models developed for the communication process in the interaction and networking processes through social media, as the research sought to build a network model of communication according to the specific data and features of social media platforms in order to reach a special generalization to understand how the process of networking operates in cyberspace.
The researcher followed the analytical survey approach as she described the communication models outwardly in order to be able to build a networked communication model that represents the flow of post-reactive communication. Therefore, it has been named "Nebula - Sadeem" after the concept of post-space and cosmic g
... Show MoreThis paper presents an analytical study for the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a generalized Burgers’ fluid in an annular pipe. Closed from solutions for velocity is obtained by using finite Hankel transform and discrete Laplace transform of the sequential fractional derivatives. Finally, the figures are plotted to show the effects of different parameters on the velocity profile.