Preferred Language
Articles
/
bijps-563
Cephalothin as a Carrier of 6-Mercaptopurine for Targeting Cancer Tissues
...Show More Authors

A lower extracellular pH is one of the few well-documented physiological differences between tumour and normal tissues. On the other hand, elevated glutathione (GSH) level has been detected in many tumours compared with healthy surrounding tissues. The compound II: 3-(9H-purin-6-yl-thio) carbonothionyl methyl-8-oxo-7-(2-thiophen-2-yl) acetamido-5-thia-1-azabicyclo-4-octo-ene-carboxylic acid was a cephalothin derivative contain 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). Compound II react with general base catalysis in slightly acidic pH or with sulfhydryl nucleophiles to release the chemotherapeutic drug 6-MP. The generation of compound II was accomplished following multistep reaction procedures. The structure of compound II and its intermediate was confirmed by their melting point, infrared spectroscopy, CHN and NMR analysis. The hydrolysis of compound II in aqueous buffer solution of pH 6 and in the presence of GSH at pH 7.4 was studied. The partition coefficient (PC) of compound II was also determined. Compound II has acceptable rate of hydrolysis at slightly acidic medium pH 6 (t1/2 = 56.34 min.) and 80% of compound II had been converted to 6-MP within 30 min in the presence of GSH. And the compound has acceptable stability at pH 7.4(t0.5=639.65 min.) and the rate of hydrolysis was effected by change the buffer concentration.  This compound can selectively deliver 6-MP into the tumour tissues which have acidic pH or elevated GSH level. Compound II had an improved PC value of 12.23 compared to 1.22 for free drug 6-MP confirming higher lipophilicity.

Key words: 6-mercaptopurine, cancer, prodrug, targeting

Crossref
View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Sep 10 2019
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
A classification model on tumor cancer disease based mutual information and firefly algorithm
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Scopus (15)
Crossref (6)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Oct 28 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
A future view for the political systems of the Arab Gulf states After normalization ... the United Arab Emirates as a case study
...Show More Authors

The dangers of (Israel's) integration with Arab countries in the middle east region will threaten the Arab security structure dimension, which the latter makes the Arab regional system vulnerable for distortion due to its nominal and symbolic value which is far from the Arab self and questioning with its effectiveness in comparing with the real capabilities to Arab countries in achieving the common targets. So, how to assess the different problems that began to hit the structure of the Arab regional system? and how to pledge an allegiance after putting forward what is known as the American Deal of the Century for the administration of former US President Donald Trump for making another step toward normalization with (Israel)?. The reveal

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Sep 30 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
A Study on Using Molasses Production Waste Powder as a Green Adsorbent for Cu (II) Ions from its Aqueous Solution
...Show More Authors

This study utilized low-cost agricultural waste (molasses production waste powder) to extract copper ions from aqueous solutions. The present investigation explored a range of factors that influence the adsorption process, including temperature, pH, ionic strength, contact time, quantity of adsorbent, and particle size. Spectrophotometric analysis was used to determine the solution's absorbance both before and after the adsorption procedure. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to match the equilibrium data. The Freundlich model was determined to be the best isotherm model using the linear regression coefficient R2=0.9868. Thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy, were calculate

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
The Role of Some Inflammatory Markers (IL-6 and CRP) in the Pathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Iraqi CCU for Heart Diseases
...Show More Authors

In this work an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique has been used for detection of some inflammatory markers in serum of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-Patients Admitted to the cardiac care unit (CCU) of Iraqi Centre For Heart Diseases and Ibn AlNafees Teaching Hospital. The present method includes quantitative measurement of interleukine-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), as their increase during symptoms may be responsible for identifying the mechanism of myocardial damag, in addition to their best performance than other quantitative tests perhaps due to their association with atherosclerotic process that belongs to the endothelial dysfunction. Aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and correlation of IL-6 w

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (1)
Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Mar 30 2026
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Adopting the addition of iron waste as a source for iron (II) ion in Electro-Fenton system for the removal of triple dyes
...Show More Authors

Use of electrodes that provide a high surface area for reaction, such as Nickel foam and Carbon Fiber Felt, has proven highly efficient in treating wastewater. In this study, a mixture of dyes (Eosin Y, Methylene Blue, and Methylene Violet) was treated using Ni foam as a cathode and carbon fiber felt as an anode in the Electro-Fenton process, relying on iron waste, such as iron filings, as the catalyst source. The analysis characterization of electrodes and iron filings was determined by Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results showed high efficiency in decomposing the dye mixture. The highest Re % 96.4591 which attained after accomplishing the experiments based on Response Surface Method (RSM)

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Apr 26 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Contemporary Medical Sciences
Doxorubicin Immobilization on chitosan-modified silver Nanoparticles as a drug delivery method for effective anticancer treatment
...Show More Authors

Objective: The goal of this research is to load Doxorubicin (DOX) on silver nanoparticles coupled with folic acid and test their anticancer properties against breast cancer. Methods: Chitosan-Capped silver nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs) were manufactured and loaded with folic acid as well as an anticancer drug, Doxorubicin, to form CS-AgNPs-DOX-FA conjugate. AFM, FTIR, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the samples. The produced multifunctional nano-formulation served as an intrinsic drug delivery system, allowing for effective loading and targeting of chemotherapeutics on the Breast cancer (AMJ 13) cell line. Flowcytometry was used to assess therapy efficacy by measuring apoptotic induction.  Results: DOX and CS-Ag

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (4)
Crossref (5)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Influence of The Kind of Feeding on The Average of Body Growth for The Infant of The Age (3-6) Months in Baghdad.City
...Show More Authors

This paper was conducted to identifying the body growth averages for the infants of the age (3-6) months and their relation with brest (natural ) or artificial feeding The results showed that the higher percentage was for the infants with the natural feeding in comparison with those of the artificial or mixed feeding. Also there was a clear increase in the average of the body growth for those with the natural feeding and such results were closer to the standard criterion. While the averages of body growth for those with the artificial or mixed feeding were low. In addition, it was clear that the averages of body growth of the i

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The adsorption-desorption process as a method for separation of nitrogen-carbon dioxide gas mixture using activated carbon
...Show More Authors

Gas adsorption phenomenon on solid surface has been used as a mean in separation and purification of gas mixture depending on the difference in tendencies of each component in the gas mixture to be adsorbed on the solid surface according to its behaviour. This work concerns to study the possibilities to separate the gas mixture using adsorption-desorption phenomenon on activated carbon. The experimental results exhibit good separation factor at temperature of -40 .

View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Use of Scalp Hair as a Biomarker to Determine Airborne Heavy Metal Concentrations for the Academic Laboratory Employees
...Show More Authors

Academic chemical laboratories (ACL) are considered public places  the employees come in contact with a variety of pollutants. The aim of the current study was to detect heavy metals levels in the indoor air of ACL in two universities in Baghdad city and assess their levels in the academic employees’ scalp hair as biomarkers. Air samples inside ACL were collected to detect Fe, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. Scalp hair samples were collected from 40 adult chemical laboratory employees aged 30-60 years, who worked 5 days/week for 6 hours a day. Personal information relating to employees such as age, duration of exposure, smoking habit and sex, was collected as a questionnaire. The results of this study concluded that academic laboratory employ

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Peaceful settlement as a means of preventing tax: An applied research in the General Commission for Taxation evasion
...Show More Authors

The reconciliation of tax reconciliation is one of the legal methods used by the financial authority in Iraq, which is done with the taxpayer

The research dealt with the weakness of tax revenues for many reasons, including tax evasion, which led to the search for ways to reduce evasion to increase the tax revenue, and settlement reconciliation one of these means .

The research proceeded from the premise that the use of a more broadly settled settlement would govern the tax evasion of taxpayers.

The researchers used a series of studies and previous research, books and other sources related to the subject of research, and this was done through the theoretical framework, and the practical aspect that included the fin

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF