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Hepatoprotective Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Camellia sinensis Against Methotrexate-induced Liver Damage in Rats
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Methotrexate (MTX) is a folate antagonist widely used in the treatment of neoplastic diseases; its biotransformation in the liver produced active metabolites that promote hepatotoxicity. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Camellia sinensis (Green tea) against MTX-induced liver damage in rats. A model of liver injury in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 20mg/kg MTX as a single dose followed by saline and 1.25% and 2.5% aqueous extract of green tea (GTE) were orally administered 7 days prior and 5 days after MTX-intoxication as a sole source of drinking water. After killing the animals, blood samples were obtained for evaluation of serum levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, while liver tissue homogenate was prepared to evaluate tissue levels of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Additionally, liver tissue sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eiosin for histological evaluation. The results showed that administration of green tea extract (GTE) significantly decreased the elevated levels of ALT, AST and ALP activities in the serum compared to MTX-treated group. Treatment of animals with GTE 7 days before and 5 days after MTX  also elevates GSH levels and decreases MDA levels significantly compared to MTX-treated group, this was associated with improving histological features that already impaired due to exposure to MTX. In conclusion, treatment of rats with GTE protects hepatic tissue against MTX-induced liver damage in dose dependent manner.

Key words: Green tea, Hepatotoxicity

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Flexural behavior of concrete beams with horizontal and vertical openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars
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Abstract<p>This study conducted an analytical investigation on the behavior of concrete beams with openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. In this study, five proposed beams reinforced by GFRP bars as flexural and shear reinforcement with openings were numerically examined. The variables were the opening orientation (vertical and horizontal) and the number of openings. These openings were located within the flexural zone of the proposed beams. The result shows that the vertical openings had a significant effect over the horizontal openings on reducing the ultimate load and increasing the mid-span deflection compared with the control beam. Moreover, the results showed t</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Martin Crimp’s Piece “Advice to Iraqi Women”: عفراء عبد الحسين ناصر , سراب خليل
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Language is a vehicle for social values and ideologies that a man intends or attempts to express. Dramatic texts are one of the discursive practices that embody values and ideologies. What is expressed in dramatic text is deliberate because it is meant to affect other’s values, trends and ideologies in one way or another. Such ideologies and values are not explicit. To bring them out requires putting language under scrutiny to unveil what is implied. The present study attempts to analyze a dramatic script entitled Advice to Iraqi Women by the British playwright Martin Crimp in an attempt to unveil the intended political ideologies underlying the text. The title reflects a political aspect embedded in the word “Iraqi” that

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 30 2020
Journal Name
Neuroquantology
Structural and Optical Analysis of Rhodamine 6G Thin Films Prepared by Q-switched Nd: YAG Pulsed Laser Deposition
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES of IRAQI PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HEPATITIS E VIRUS COMPARED WITH THOSE INFECTED WITH HEPATITIS A VIRUS
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This study was designed to compare the effect of two types of viral hepatitis A and E (HAV
and HEV) on liver functions in Iraqi individuals by the measurement of biochemical changes
associated with hepatitis.
The study performed on 58 HEV and 66 HAV infected patients compared with 28 healthy
subjects. The measured biochemical tests include total serum bilirubin, serum transminases (ALT
and AST) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT).
The study showed that adolescent and young adults (17-29) years, were mostly affected by
HEV while children (5-12) years were frequently affected by HAV. The severity of liver damage in
HEV patients was higher than HAV patients as a result of high serum transa

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Five Variable Refined Plate Theory For Thermal Buckling Analysis Uniform And Nonuniform Of Cross-Ply Laminated Plates
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This research is devoted to investigating the thermal buckling analysis behaviour of laminated composite plates subjected to uniform and non-uniform temperature fields by applying an analytical model based on a refined plate theory (RPT) with five unknown independent variables. The theory accounts for the parabolic distribution of the transverse shear strains through the plate thickness and satisfies the zero-traction boundary condition on the surface without using shear correction factors; hence a shear correction factor is not required. The governing differential equations and associated boundary conditions are derived by using the virtual work principle and solved via Navier-type analytical procedure to obtain critica

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Microscopic effective charges and quadrupole moments of sd-shell and sd-pf cross-shell nuclei with Z≥13
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Applied Physics
Structural and Electrochemical Characterization of ITO Electrode Modified by f- MWCNT/graphene/polypyrrole Nanocomposite Decorated by Gold Nanoparticles
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There is currently a pressing need to create an electro-analytical approach capable of detecting and monitoring genosensors in a highly sensitive, specific, and selective way. In this work, Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Polypyrrole, and gold nanoparticles nanocomposite (f-MWCNTs-GR-PPy-AuNP) were effectively deposited on the surface of the ITO electrode using a drop-casting process to modify it. The structural, morphological, and optical analysis of the modified ITO electrodes was carried out at room temperature using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemi

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Two dimensional grating and efficiency enhancement of Si photovoltaic cells by surface texturing using UV femtosecond laser pulses
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A fast laser texturing technique has been utilized to produce micro/nano surface textures in Silicon by means of UV femtosecond laser. We have prepared good absorber surface for photovoltaic cells. The textured Silicon surface absorbs the incident light greater than the non-textured surface. The results show a photovoltaic current increase about 21.3% for photovoltaic cell with two-dimensional pattern as compared to the same cell without texturing.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 05 2025
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Chemical Society Of Ethiopia
Synthesizing, characterization of some metal ion complexes with new azo dye and studying antioxidant and anticancer (MCF-7)
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This new azo dye 7-(3-hydroxy-phenylazo)-quinoline-8-ol was subsequently used to prepare a series of complexes with the chlorides of Fe, Co, Zn, Ru, Rh and Cd. The compounds identified by 1H and 13C-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, mass spectroscopy, as well as TGA, DSC, and C.H.N., conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, metal and chlorine content. The results showed that the ligand behaves in a trigonal behavior, and that the complexes gave tetrahedral, except for Fe, Ru and Rh octahedral was given, that all of them are non-electrolytes. The effectiveness of both the compounds in inhibiting free radicals was evaluated by the ability to act as an antioxidant was measured using DPPH as a free radical and gallic acid as a standard substance, the

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Appearance and Decay of Split-brain Theory to Explain Human Artistic Activity: A Historical Review: بدر محمد المعمري
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Nearly, in the middle of 1970s the split-brain theory became the only theory that explains human creativity used in all fine art and art education schools. In fact, this theory- which appeared for first time in the middle of 1940s – faced many radical changes including its concepts and structures, and these changes affected both teaching art and art criticism. To update people awareness within art field of study, this paper reviews the split-brain theory and its relationship with teaching art from its appearance to its decay in 2013 and after.

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