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In Vitro Effect of Cholesterol and Different Sugars on Digitonin Production in Multiplied Shoots of Digitalis purpurea L. Plant
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Production of  the steroidal saponin digitonin  in multiplied shoots of Digitalis purpurea , (var. Excelsior Mixed) has been achieved in vitro by two experiments. In the experiment 1, shoot tips ( 1cm length ) explants  from the sterilized seedlings were excised and cultured on MS medium ( Murashige and Skoog medium) supplemented with 0.5 mg/L TDZ (thidiazuron) and   cholesterol at the concentrations 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 4.0 mg/L. After 45 day, results showed that the treatment with 0.5 mg/L TDZ and 2.0mg/L cholesterol had a positive effected on increasing the dry weight of multiplied shoots and their production of digitonin when compared with other treatments, where this treatment gave 2.98 g  dry weight of multiplied shoots and digitonin at amount of 64.42 mg/g dry weight, while the other studied characteristics of multiplied shoots (content the total chlorophyll, soluble sugars and starch.) also this treatment had appositive effected and was gave the following values:- (3.51 mg/g fresh weight, 5.06% ,6.09% ) respectively. After that experiment 2 was carried out . The objective of this  experiment was to increase the degree of digitonin production in multiplied shoots compared with the experiment 1.Therfore in the experiment 2, we were selected supplements the best treatment of  experiment 1(0.5mg /L TDZ  and 2.0mg/ L cholesterol )  and supplemented to the MS medium with the sugars glucose, fructose, sucrose or maltose at the concentrations 30,50,70 or 90 g/L for each sugar. After 45 days results showed that the treatment with  0.5 mg/L TDZ, 2.0 mg/L cholesterol and 50g/L maltose was the best a compared with other treatments, where this treatment  gave 4.52 g dry weight of multiplied shoots and digitonin at amount  of 191.87 mg/g dry weight .  The content of multiplied shoots from the total chlorophyll, soluble sugars and starch also this treatment  gave highest values and they are 4.97 mg/g fresh weight , 5.91% and 8.30%  respectively .

Key words: Digitalis purpurea, Cholesterol, Sugars, Digitonin .  

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 25 2018
Journal Name
Al-nahrain Journal Of Science
Synthesis of some New 3-Substituted Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Bridgehead Nitrogen from 2-Amino Pyridine with Study Their Biological Activity
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 28 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Estimation of urban land price within holly cities by using integrated GIS-regression models: case study Al-Kufa city- Iraq
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        Urban land price is the primary indicator of land development in urban areas. Land prices in holly cities have rapidly increased due to tourism and religious activities. Public agencies are usually facing challenges in managing land prices in religious areas. Therefore, they require developed models or tools to understand land prices within religious cities. Predicting land prices can efficiently retain future management and develop urban lands within religious cities. This study proposed a new methodology to predict urban land prices within holy cities. The methodology is based on two models, Linear Regression (LR) and Support Vector Regression (SVR), and nine variables (land price, land area,

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Desalination And Water Treatment
Optimization of chemical oxygen demand removal from petroleum refinery wastewater by electrocoagulation using tubular electrochemical reactor with a novel design
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Publication Date
Sat Nov 15 2025
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination of Ni (II) by Forming a New Complex N-(4-(dimethyl amino) benzylidene)-3, 5-Dinitrobenzohydrazide Nickel (II) Chloride
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In this research, the theme for employing a simple and sensitive method is to employ a new Schiff base ligand (N’-(4- (dimethyl amino) benzylidene)-3, 5-dinitrobenzohydrazide) to estimate Ni (II) to form orange complex (N-(4-(dimethyl amino) benzylidene)-3, 5-dinitrobenzohydrazide nickel (II) chloride) in acid medium (hydrochloric acid), it gives an absorption peak at the wavelength 485 nm. The preferred conditions were studied to form the complex and obtain the highest absorbance including concentration of Schiff base ligand, the best medium for complex formation, effects of addition sequence on complex formation, the effect of temperature on the absorbance of the complex formed, and the setting time of the formed complex. The obtained r

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution using Ficus Benjamina Activated Carbon-Nonmetal Oxide synthesized by pyro Carbonic Acid Microwave
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Activated carbon derived from Ficus Binjamina agro-waste synthesized by pyro carbonic acid microwave method and treated with silicon oxide (SiO2) was used to enhance the adsorption capability of the malachite green (MG) dye. Three factors of concentration of dye, time of mixing, and the amount of activated carbon with four levels were used to investigate their effect on the MG removal efficiency. The results show that 0.4 g/L dosage, 80 mg/L dye concentration, and 40 min adsorption duration were found as an optimum conditions for 99.13% removal efficiency. The results also reveal that Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models were the best models to describe the equilibrium adsorption data.

 

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Computers, Materials & Continua
Improving Video Watermarking through Galois Field <i>GF</i>(2<sup>4</sup>) Multiplication Tables with Diverse Irreducible Polynomials and Adaptive Techniques
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 25 2022
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
The structural properties of mawsoniteCu6Fe2 S8Sn[CFTS] thin films effected by violet laser irradiation deposited via semi-computerized spray pyrolysis technique
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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2024
Journal Name
Open Veterinary Journal
Crude aqueous Proteus mirabilis extract with quorum sensing inhibitory activity can increase the susceptibility of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antimicrobials
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Background: Suppression of quorum sensing (QS) that regulates many virulence factors, including antimicrobial resistance, in bacteria may subject the pathogenic microbes to the harmful consequences of the antibiotics, increasing their susceptibility to such drugs. Aim: The current study aimed to make an aqueous crude extract from the soil Proteus mirabilis isolate with the use of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique for its analysis, and then, study the impact of the extract on clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Preparation of crude extracts from P. mirabilis (both organic and aqueous), which were then analyzed by GC-MS to detect the bioactive ingredients. Furthermore, the extract’s capability to i

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 02 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products, E3 SUMO-Protein Ligase NSE2[NSMCE2], as a Marker to Predict Child Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow (spongy tissue in the center of bone). In ALL, too many bone marrow stem cells develop into a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. These abnormal lymphocytes are not able to fight infection very well. The aim of this study was to investigate possible links between E3 SUMO-Protein Ligase NSE2 [NSMCE2] and increase DNA damage in the childhood patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Laboratory investigations including hemoglobin(Hb) ,white blood cell (WBC) , serum total protein , albumin ,globulin , in addition to serum total antioxidant activity (TAA) , Advanced oxidation protein products(AOPP) and E3 SUMO-Protein Ligase NSE2[NSMCE2]. Blood samples

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
REMOVAL OF PHENOLIC COMPUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY ADSOPTION ONTO ACTIVTED CARBONS PREPARED FROM DATE STONES BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION WITH FeCl3
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Activated carbon prepared from date stones by chemical activation with ferric chloride (FAC) was used an adsorbent to remove phenolic compounds such as phenol (Ph) and p-nitro phenol (PNPh) from aqueous solutions. The influence of process variables represented by solution pH value (2-12), adsorbent to adsorbate weight ratio (0.2-1.8), and contact time (30-150 min) on removal percentage and adsorbed amount of Ph and PNPh onto FAC was studied. For PNPh adsorption,( 97.43 %) maximum removal percentage and (48.71 mg/g) adsorbed amount was achieved at (5) solution pH,( 1) adsorbent to adsorbate weight ratio, and (90 min) contact time. While for Ph adsorption, at (4) solution pH, (1.4) absorbent to adsorbate weight ratio, and (120 min) contact

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