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Study of Iraqi Spinach Leaves (Phytochemical and Protective Effects Against methotrexate-Induced hepatotoxicity in rats)
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Spinach, Spinacia oleracea L is a popular vegetable belonging to the family Chenopodiaceae. This study was concerned with extraction of compounds in Iraqi spinach leaves, preliminary phytochemical evaluation, identification of two biological important flavonols, quercetin and kaempferol in spinach leaves and evaluation of the protective effect of aqueous spinach extract on methotrexate (MTX) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The percentage yield of extraction procedure, identification of spinach by chemical tests and identification of flavonols by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were fully described in this study. The results indicate that the percentage of quarcetin in spinach leaves is more than the percentage of kaempferol in the same plant. The rats were divided into three groups as control, MTX group following a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p) saline was administered for 5 days and the MTX+aqueous spinach extract group were rats received 200mg/kg orally of aqueous spinach extract 7days before and 5 days after MTX treatment. MTX administration increased the MDA and decreased GSH, ALP while these changes were reversed in aqueous spinach extract treated group. Histological changes observed in MTX treated group was improved by aqueous spinach extract treatment. The protective effect of aqueous spinach extract against MTX- induced hepatotoxicity could be attributed to the combined effects of its constituents.

Key words: Spinach, Kaempherol  , Quercetin , Methotrexate, Oxidative stress.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 02 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Violence and sexual harassment against minors, causes, prevention strategies
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The aim of this study to investigate the sexual harassment, prevention strategies, and the appropriate ways that tackle this phenomena. The current research consisted of four chapter; the first chapter gave a general introduction about the targeted topic followed by the problem of statement, the significance of study, study’s aims, and end with the limitations of study. The second section of chapter one referred to the common concepts of study. Third section addressed the previous studies that related to the current one. Chapter two concerned with the sexual violence against minors. It has four section; first section addressed number of concepts which related to sexual violence. The second section focused on the implications of sexual

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology
Comparative Study of Serum Angiopoietin like Protein-8 and Hyaluronic Acid in Iraqi Hemodialysis Patients with and without T2DM
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The current work was designed to investigate serum angiopoietin like protein-8 and hyaluronic acid among Iraqi hemodialysis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to find relationship between them, as well as if these patients are at risk of kidney fibrosis. Subjects & Methods: in this study, serum samples were obtained from (60) Iraqis patients with end stage renal diseases (ESRD)on hemodialysis (HD) (30 patients with T2DM (G2) and 30 patients withoutT2DM (G3)) in addition to (30) healthy individuals as a control group (G1), their ages ranged from (35-65) years. The patients attended the Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad. Results: the results in this study showed a highly a significant elevation inserum angiopoietin li

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Public Health Research & Development
A Comparative Study of Vitamin D Levels and Some Biochemical Parameters between Healthy and Breast Cancer in Iraqi Females.
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Breast cancer is one of the most widespread cancers,depending on World Health Organization, cancer calculated for approximately 7.6 million incidences in 2008, whoever expected elevation in incidence is about 13.1 million in 2030. So that the current research investigates vitamin D role in the occurrence of this disease and explains if vitamin D has a positive effect on the incidence of disease, as well as measuring parathyroid hormone and estrogen levels. Three groups were included in this analysis: control healthy women, benign and malignant breast tumor women. All cases that were selected at the beginning of the disease diagnosis. According to statistical values vitamin D showed highly significant (P<0.001) decrease in benign (3.74±2.33

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The role of TNF-? in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma “a study in Iraqi patients”
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During recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the investigation of the cytokines roles in pathogenesis of cancer, thus the study aimed at evaluating the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?) in sera of Iraqi multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Beta 2-microglobulion (?2-m) was assessed to determine if there was any association between this cytokine and the level of ?2- m, as the latter is related to the stage of the disease. In addition, the age and gender were also taken into consideration. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between IgG and TNF-? in sera of patients. 49 Iraqi patients (27 males and 22 females).The patients were also divided into two groups: the first group included (17) patients who were

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The effect of knowledge assimilation on strategic clarity - an exploratory study in the Iraqi Ministry of Transport - Iraqi Airways Company*
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The research aims to build an integrated frame of knowledge for the basic research topics, represented by (assimilation of knowledge, strategic clarity) and their basic variables, by examining the most important scientific propositions on these topics in administrative thought, and framing the knowledge contained in them, in a serious attempt to provide appropriate answers to questions The research dilemma, and the research was applied in the Iraqi Airways Company, whose number is (1200) employees, and the descriptive and analytical approach was adopted in conducting the research. A valid form for statistical analysis, i.e., with a retrieval rate of (92%). The two researchers used the (SPSS & AMOS) program for

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Publication Date
Fri May 06 2022
Journal Name
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Effect of Betaine on Blood Parameters Related to the Iron Status in Acrylamide-Treated Rats
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Archives of Razi Institute (ARI)

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Decamethylrhenocene ( - C5 Me5)2 Re in Supersonic Jet
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In this paper we report the use of supersonic jet laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy to facilitate the study of the spectra of some organometallic sandwich compounds particularly the metallocenes. The charge-transfer processes within these compounds, especially ligand to metal charge transfer within decamethylrhenocene ( - C5 Me5)2 Re were of particular interest. The spectrum shows a high degree of structures, indicating that there are several levels populated and these molecules are able to undergo many possible transitions

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Theoretical Computation of Electron Density in Laser-Induced Carbon Plasma using Anisimov Model
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In this work, electron number density calculated using Matlab program code with the writing algorithm of the program. Electron density was calculated using Anisimov model in a vacuum environment. The effect of spatial coordinates on the electron density was investigated in this study. It was found that the Z axis distance direction affects the electron number density (ne). There are many processes such as excitation; ionization and recombination within the plasma that possible affect the density of electrons. The results show that as Z axis distance increases electron number density decreases because of the recombination of electrons and ions at large distances from the target and the loss of thermal energy of the electrons in

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Theoretical Computation of Electron Density in Laser-Induced Carbon Plasma using Anisimov Model
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In this work, electron number density calculated using Matlab program code with the writing algorithm of the program. Electron density was calculated using Anisimov model in a vacuum environment. The effect of spatial coordinates on the electron density was investigated in this study. It was found that the Z axis distance direction affects the electron number density (ne). There are many processes such as excitation; ionization and recombination within the plasma that possible affect the density of electrons. The results show that as Z axis distance increases electron number density decreases because of the recombination of electrons and ions at large distances from the target and the loss of thermal energy of the electrons in high distance

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 02 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of aqueous extract from Marjoram against Salmonella and cholera bacteria
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Five different bacterial isolates [ Vibrio cholera (Ogawa) , Vibrio cholera (Inaba) , Salmonella typhi , Salmonella paratyphi and ? Salmonella typhimurium ] were obtained from the Central Health Laboratory . Both sensitivity tests (MIC , MBC and wells method ) against these bacteria were performed by using the aqueous of leaves extract of Marjoram plant. The results cleared that the values of MIC for Vibrio cholera serotypes Ogawa and Inaba were 100 mg/ml , while the value of MBC was 200 mg/ml. The value of the Inhibition zone at 100 mg /ml concentration for both Ogawa and Inaba were 13 mm and 9 mm respectively. Our results showed that the three types of Salmonella didn’t show any inhibition zone at 200 mg/ml .

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