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Response Surface Methodology for Development and Optimization of Theophylline Pulmonary Delivery System
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The aim of the present study was to develop theophylline (TP) inhalable sustained delivery system by preparing solid lipid microparticles using glyceryl behenate (GB) and poloxamer 188 (PX) as a lipid carrier and a surfactant respectively. The method involves loading TP nanoparticles into the lipid using high shear homogenization – ultrasonication technique followed by lyophilization. The compositional variations and interactions were evaluated using response surface methodology, a Box – Behnken design of experiment (DOE). The DOE constructed using TP (X1), GB (X2) and PX (X3) levels as independent factors. Responses measured were the entrapment efficiency (% EE) (Y1), mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD, daer) (Y2), zeta potential (ZP, ξ) (Y3), fine particles fraction (% FPF) (Y4) and percentage of dissolution efficiency at 420 minutes (% DE420) (Y5). The optimized formula was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X – ray powder diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that prolonged release physically due to the loaded TP exists mostly in its crystalline state . Analysis of dissolution data of the optimized formula indicated that the best fitting is with Higuchi model, whereas the mechanism of drug release pattern follows anomalous or non – Fickian diffusion.

Key words: Glyceryl behenate, solid lipid microparticles, theophylline nanoparticles

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 21 2020
Journal Name
University Of Thi-qar Journal Of Science (university Of Thi-qar Journal Of Science (utsci) The 4th Scientific Conference Of Science College/ University Of Thi_qari) The 4th Scientific Conference Of Science College/ University Of Thi_qar
Enhancement of Nano Catalyst for an Alkaline Fuel Cells
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 07 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Environmental reality for kindergarten in the city of Baghdad
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Before the unit environmental problems serious the issues of the environment and conservation of contemporary issues important in the developed and developing worlds, it was natural that leads increasing global awareness to alert a group of intellectuals, scientists and politicians to the seriousness of this problem and the call to take steps deeper and more comprehensive with respect to the environment humanitarian based on the study of the various elements of this environment and a greater understanding of the relationships among them, and on this basis, steps have been taken to target the environment and to identify problems and make efforts to achieve the goals I: stop the deterioration of the environment and the second impro

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 06 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Anovel Immunological Technique for Identification of Human Seminal Fluid
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An immunological technique was investigated for the detection of human semen in forensic analysis.This technique included a preparation of anti-human seminal plasma antibodies, by immunizing rabbits with treated human semen. The human semen was treated with an acid to prevent cross reactivity with other human body fluids. The antibody produced was tested against different animal,s seminal fluid samples (dog, goat ,sheep, cow) and human body fluids( saliva, blood , vaginal fluid, ear wax and human semen). It was found that using this developed technique was only selectively responsed with human semen . The prepered kit was evaluated and tested in Forensic laboratory- Ministry of Health. Finally, results were obtained in a c

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 10 2025
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Pharmacy
Factors Affecting Preparation of Repaglinide Nanoparticles for Dissolution Improvement
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This study aimed to develop a stable nanosuspension of repaglinide and improve its dissolution, using the Nano-precipitation method, involving a different concentration of a stabilizer, different co-stabilizers and different solvents. Employment of a systemic approach to optimize the formulation parameters, including stabilizer concentration, solvent choice and co-stabilizer election. Soluplus® (SOL) was used as the primary stabilizer for this research, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poloxamer 188 (PXM 188), tween 80 (TW80), and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP k30) were investigated as co-stabilizers to prevent particle agglomeration and ensure long-term stability. In addition to ethanol as a primary solvent, acetone and chloroform were used

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 18 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Personal Hygiene for Adults with Diabetic Foot
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Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the personal hygiene of adult patients with
diabetic foot.
Methodology: ٨ descriptive study was carried out in Baghdad teaching hospital, Al-Karama teaching hospital
and Al-Kindey teaching hospital for the period of 10/1/2006 to 1/9/2006. A purposive "non probability" sample
of (100) patient.
Questionnaire was constructed for achieving the purpose of the study. Data were collected through the
application of the questionnaire and interview technique. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistical
approach (frequency & percentage) and inferential statistical approach (chi-square ع correlation) by using of
SPSS.
Results: The study results indicated that the ra

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 31 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Legal adjustment of zakat on property prepared for sale
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Praise be to God, who said: {And establish prayer and pay zakat and lend to God a good loan, and whatever good you put forward for yourselves you will find with God. It is better and greater in reward. Ask forgiveness of God. Indeed, God is Forgiving, Most Merciful. May blessings and peace be upon Muhammad, the servant of God, and His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, who said: “Islam is built on five Testifying that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is the Messenger of God, establishing prayer, paying zakat, Hajj, and fasting Ramadan” ().
Now that follows: Islamic law aims to make man happy in this world and the afterlife, starting with faith in God Almighty until the end of the legal obligations. This is

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Ieee Access
Fast Computation of Hahn Polynomials for High Order Moments
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 10 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Generation of Weak Coherent Pulses for Quantum Cryptography Systems
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This work is a trial to ensure the absolute security in any quantum cryptography (QC) protocol via building an effective hardware for satisfying the single-photon must requirement by controlling the value of mean photon number. This was approximately achieved by building a driving circuit that provide very short pulses (≈ 10 ns) for laser diode -LD- with output power of (0.7-0.99mW) using the available electronic components in local markets. These short pulses enable getting faint laser pulses that were further attenuated to reach mean photon number equal to 0.08 or less.

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 28 2023
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Modeling the trend of Iraqi GDP for 1970-2020
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The study of economic growth indicators is of fundamental importance in estimating the effectiveness of economic development plans, as well as the great role it plays in determining appropriate economic policies in order to optimally use the factors that lead to the dynamics of growth in Iraq, especially during a certain period of time. The gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices), which is considered a part of the national accounts, which is considered as an integrated dynamic of statistics that produces in front of policy makers the possibility of determining whether the economy is witnessing a state of expansion or evaluating economic activity and its efficiency in order to reach the size of the overall economy. The research aims

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Performance application of ultraviolet disinfection technique for raw water
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Abstract<p>Microbial water disinfection with UV rays is a universal technology. Disinfection is a method used to treat drinking water. This can be accomplished using physical and/or chemical processes. Physical Methods: Heating and UV rays are two main methods - UV rays to destroy cells and kill bacteria. The physical process generally gives drinking water an instant purification without producing harmful substances. However, there is no pollution in the water to ensure continuous cleaning. This study’s primary goal is to obtain environmentally safe drinking water in situations of water shortages and homes that lack clean water. Therefore, resort to appropriate home treatment. Therefore, an ex</p> ... Show More
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