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Efficacy, safety and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Lowering Ability of ACE Inhibitors, B-Blockers and Combination Antihypertensive Drug Regimes in Iraq
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Hypertension is a major health problem throughout the world because of its high prevalence and its association with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety and cardiovascular disease risk lowering ability, of three antihypertensive drug regimens.

A retrospective study was carried out on 66 hypertensive patients, divided in to three groups based on their antihypertensive drug regimens (ACE inhibitors, β-blockers treated and combination antihypertensive therapy, the combination therapy consist of two or more of the following antihypertensive drugs ACE inhibitor diuretic, CCBs β-blockers), the study also included 22 healthy individuals. Duration of treatment was 2-10 years. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured and blood sample was collected, and the serum processed for the measurement of lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose, liver function test, kidney function test, electrolytes, and C-reactive protein. Cardiovascular disease risk lowering ability have been assessed by cardiovascular risk assessor computer program.

The results shows that systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the three antihypertensive drug regimens treated group, were significantly higher than systolic and diastolic blood pressure in control healthy individuals indicating that these antihypertensive drug regimens were unable to reach hypertension treatment target, although ACE inhibitors and combination antihypertensive drugs reach minimal hypertension treatment target.

ACE inhibitors regimen did not show any significant adverse effects on lipid profiles and blood glucose, while β-blockers regimen adversely affected it. Most predominant adverse effects that appear, in ACE inhibitors treated group were dry cough and taste disturbances, in β-blockers treated group were bradycardia and sleep disturbances while in combination therapy treated group were according to the combination used. In combination containing thiazide diuretics, disturbed lipid profiles and hyperurecemia were predominant and in combination containing calcium channel blockers constipation and peripheral edema were predominant.

Coronary heart disease and stroke risk percentage in all three antihypertensive drug regimens were significantly higher compared to control healthy individuals group, and all three antihypertensive drugs regimens have the same cardiovascular risk lowering ability.

In conclusion the results indicated that all three antihypertensive drug regimens used were not efficient enough to reach hypertension treatment target, the combination therapy and ACE inhibitors regimens were only capable to reach minimal hypertension treatment target which is ≤150/90 mm Hg.

Key words: ACE inhibitors, B blockers, Hypertension.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 16 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Technological Maturity and its role in reinforcing the quality of auditing: An analytical study in Iraqi audit offices
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This paper discusses the role of Auditors' Technological Maturity in reinforcing the quality of auditing profession, through focusing on the concepts of Technological Maturity and quality of auditing profession, as well as designing a proposed model for Technological Maturity which includes five evolutionary and sequential stages, and this proposed model would contribute to reinforce the quality of auditing. This proposed model will be employed in the field of auditing profession because the importance of the development and investment in this profession and the importance of the need for specialized knowledge in Information Technology, and the result of a proposed model is development of technological knowledge for the auditor to reach

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Vigilance and strategic role in improving the level of nursing services / Applied Research in Ghazi al-Hariri Hospital
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The current research aims to focus on strategic vigilance dimensions and contained (environmental vigilance, technological vigilance, competitive vigilance, vigilance marketing) to improve nursing services, which include a) the quality, timeliness, problem-solving and decision-making, relationships with others, leadership skills) and measure the degree link and influence between strategic vigilance in the hospital respondent and improve nursing service that the problem of the research lies in the weakness of strategic plans and health organizations in general and the hospital surveyed (martyr Ghazi al-Hariri), in particular, the lack of awareness of the hospital researched strategy vigilant management to improve nursing services,

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Effect of Cost Reduction and Price Policy in Earning Customer Satisfaction: Study in Public Company liquid Battery Industry
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That any industrial company that must think about marketing mechanisms and who are the beneficiaries and the pursuit of gain customer satisfaction with access to competitive advantages. Most industrialized our companies from a variety of problems experienced both in the field of production, marketing, or keep up with new developments or commitment to quality standards, which caused the reluctance of customers to buy local products for various reasons, and especially in light of unplanned economic policy and exposure to market to imported products flooding the market with various goods and services that do not can the domestic industry rival, which has competitive advantages and meet business requirements, but others arrived to stop or as

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Utilizing Load and Loss Factors in Determination of the Technical Power Losses in Distribution System’s Feeders: Case Study
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This study uses load factor and loss factor to determine the power losses of the electrical feeders. An approach is presented to calculate the power losses in the distribution system. The feeder’s technical data and daily operation recorded data are used to calculate and analyze power losses.

This paper presents more realistic method for calculating the power losses based on load and loss factors instead of the traditional methods of calculating the power losses that uses the RMS value of the load current which not consider the load varying with respect to the time. Eight 11kV feeders are taken as a case study for our work to calculate load factor, loss factor and power losses. Four of them (F40, F42, F43 and F

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Tropical Journal Of Natural Product Research
Alterations in Biochemical Parameters and Antioxidant Enzymes in Male Mice as Biomarkers of Exposure to Pollution with Cadmium
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There is currently a significantly larger concentration of toxins in our environment than there was in the past. This is mostly attributable to the expansion of modern industry. This investigation was conducted in order to investigate various haematological and biochemical changes in order to determine the effects of Cd on the liver and kidney. Because of its long biological half-life, it is considered hazardous to human health. The effect of sub-lethal doses (40, 80 and 120 mg\Kg) of Cadmium (Cd) on male mice were evaluated for 4 weeks, and analysis was done to estimate their biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that Cd-treated mice had considerably lower packed cell volume, red blood cells, and haemoglobin. W

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 17 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
DNA Methylation Patterns of Interferon Gamma Gene Promoter and Serum Level in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Their Role in Prognosis
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Tuberculosis (TB) still remains an important medical problem due to high levels of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A series of innate immune mechanisms that create a cytokine network control the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and this response has the capacity to modify the host genomic DNA structure through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation which could constantly alter the local gene expression pattern that can modulate the metabolism of the tissues and the immune-response. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine regulator of the innate immune response to TB. This study aims to determine DNA methylation patterns of INF-γ gene promoter and measure serum IFN- γ level in newly diagnosed TB patient

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-adab Journal
Lamenting the Father in Modern American Poetry: A Study in Selected Elegies of Mark Strand and Sharon Olds
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Modern American elegy reveals a change in the attitude of mourning from the traditional lamenting approach to some antielegiac attitudes towards the mourned figure. Many American poets have lamented the pass away of the stately figure of the father. However, some poets attack their dead father, and ridiculed him in a poem that is intended to be an elegy, instead of showing passion, homage and love to him. In this regard, two poetic attitudes to the father can be traced in modern American poetry. The first one takes the form of tributes and praise, offering great admiration, compassion, and love for the father. For these poets, a father is an inspiration. The second voice develops some anger and contempt against the patriarchal authority emb

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 15 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Poetics of Mourning and the American Elegy in Walt Whitman's "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd"
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Walt Whitman adds a poetic twist to the relationship of man’s body, soul with the universe. His inspiration in writing his elegy, "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd," draws on aesthetico-political resources. Major amongst these is his leaning towards the American Transcendentalist idea of the "Over-Soul".  The basic topoi in his poems is thus his identification of nature with the soul of man. The idea of the Over-Soul sheds light on the three stages of human loss: suffering, despair, and compensation. Whitman witnessed two political events, the outbreak of the civil war and Abraham Lincoln's death, which were of a particular importance to his life and work: they helped him shape a form and thematic concerns of his own. Buil

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
The Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Comparative Study Between Glimepiride and Glibenclamide in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Al-Yarmouk Hospital
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Comparative Study Between Glimepiride and Glibenclamide in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Al-Yarmouk Hospital

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Impact of modeling strategy in deductive thinking and the attitvde towards mathematics among students in the highschool stage
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    The current research aims to identify the Impact of  strategy of modeling in the of deductive thinking and the attitvde towards mathematics among students in the high school stage

 through check the following hypotheses:       

1.There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the scores  mean of the experimental group students who have studied according to the modeling strategy and scores of control group students who have studied according to ordinary method in deductive thinking. 

2.

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