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Synthesis and Antimicrobial Study of Possible Mutual Prodrugs of Amoxicillin and Metronidazole by Direct and Indirect Coupling through Spacer
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Amoxicillin have been conjugated with metronidazole as possible mutual prodrug to get a wider spectrum of activity by acting on aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, have antifungal activity, to provide protection for beta lactam ring of amoxicillin and also to improve patient compliance as it given as a single dose therapy. The structures of the synthesized compound were confirmed and characterized using elemental microanalysis (CHN), IR and some physiochemical properties. Biological study was done by using  disc diffusion method against different bacterial strains which are , Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella typhie , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , E. coli , Klebsiella pneumonia and fungi ( Candida albicans) . using nutrient agar medium and 5 mm diameter paper discs. The synthesized compounds showed maintenance or improvement of the antimicrobial activity especially compound (II) showed superior activity in comparison with compounds (I, III) .

Key words: Amoxicillin , Metronidazole , Mutual prodrug .

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 07 2018
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Clinical Research
KNOWLEDGE AND MALPRACTICES IN PEDIATRICS DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT BY IRAQI MOTHERS
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Objectives: In developing countries like Iraq, diarrhea was responsible for 70% of deaths among pediatrics. This study was designed to determine Iraqi mothers’ knowledge and malpractices associated with diarrhea management in pediatrics.Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was done on a convenient sample of mothers in Baghdad – Iraq. Data collection was done using a validated questionnaire specifically designed for this study.Result: Most participants preferred to consult physicians or pharmacists about pediatrics diarrhea management. Breastfeeding was stopped by 19% of participants, whereas 35% of mothers who depend on formulated milk discontinued it. Only 30% of participants use oral rehydration solution therapy always as a

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 07 2018
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Clinical Research
KNOWLEDGE AND MALPRACTICES IN PEDIATRICS DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT BY IRAQI MOTHERS
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Objectives: In developing countries like Iraq, diarrhea was responsible for 70% of deaths among pediatrics. This study was designed to determine Iraqi mothers’ knowledge and malpractices associated with diarrhea management in pediatrics.Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was done on a convenient sample of mothers in Baghdad – Iraq. Data collection was done using a validated questionnaire specifically designed for this study.Result: Most participants preferred to consult physicians or pharmacists about pediatrics diarrhea management. Breastfeeding was stopped by 19% of participants, whereas 35% of mothers who depend on formulated milk discontinued it. Only 30% of participants use oral rehydration solution therapy always as a

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Learning English through Scaffolded Assistance in Iraqi EFL Classroom
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Learning a foreign language is a highly interactive process, and a belief that communicative activities foster a great amount of linguistic production provides language practice and opportunities for negotiation of meaning during communicative exchanges. Thus, this study examines what benefits learner-centered classroom setting offers compared with that of teacher–centered classroom, and how less proficient learners accomplish their tasks and activities with scaffolded help during interaction with the help of proficient classmates and under the guidance of a skilful person, i.e., the teacher. The subjects participating in this study are 30 Iraqi 4th year college students in the Department of English, College of Arts , Univer

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Mining Deviations in Document Writing Style through Vector Dissimilarity
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     Doubts arise about the originality of a document when noticing a change in its writing style. This evidence to plagiarism has made the intrinsic approach for detecting plagiarism uncover the plagiarized passages through the analysis of the writing style for the suspicious document where a reference corpus to compare with is absent.      The proposed work aims at discovering the deviations in document writing style through applying several steps: Firstly, the entire document is segmented into disjointed segments wherein each corresponds to a paragraph in the original document. For the entire document and for each segment, center vectors comprising average  weight of their word  are constructed. Second, the degree of cl

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 03 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Educational values when Imam Shafie i through his hair
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In this research was the study of the educational values ​​when Shafei, contained in hair Shafi'i, and that what the role of these values ​​in the education of generations, and the possibility of their application in the educational curriculum. Find addressed Shafei life and his time. The values ​​derived from his hair, as well as quoting from the Koran and influenced by it, which is evident in the hair, governance and eating Alomthal.okzlk Find the importance of this thought in modern education, so as to realism and ease of application. It is the search results, the Shafi'i put thought educationally integral based on the Koran rise to the level of theory. Find and conclusions: that education in its present situation

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 20 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Ways to stimulate children's skills through contemporary theatrical discourse
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In order to activate theatrical discourse aware of the changes imposed by the nature of the contemporary child in terms of stimulating the social skills that achieve a technical and aesthetic convergence between him and theatrical presentation by investing the fact of the existence of the child and its potential in the weaving of stories, and folk in the imagination, and simulation of what corresponds with the characters and icons interact with them through technologies In the light of this research came the following address: (ways to stimulate the skills of the child through a contemporary theatrical speech) where the researcher seeks to delineate the importance involved in the discourse of theater through ways to reach the pillars con

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 16 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Phytosterol Profile in Iraqi Lactuca serriola after Purification and Isolation by Combiflash and HPLC (Conference Paper )#
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One of these plants utilized in traditional medicine is Lactuca seriolla Linn., which belongs to the Asteraceae family. It goes by a variety of common names in the world, including prickly lettuce, wild lettuce, jagged lettuce, and Kahu and khas. The work aimed to isolate and characterize some bioactive constituent(s) from the aerial part of Lactuca serriola utilizing  Combiflash NEXTGEN and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactuca serriola (aerial part) was extracted with 80% ethanol, then fractionated with hexane. Then 250 mg of hexane extract was mixed with 4 g of silica gel and loaded in cartilage, then bounded to the gold column of combi flash using a solvent system comprised of ethyl acetat

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 28 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The impact of sins and disobedience on the individual and society in the Holy Quran objective study
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     The Noble Qur’an is the book of God, the Blessed and Exalted, in which is the teachings of God Almighty’s religion, which is Islam, in order for people to unite it and establish servitude to it. The individual and the society alike saw it appropriate to make my opinion alerting the seriousness of this matter, so the research was entitled (The Impact of Sins and Disobedience on the Individual and Society in the Holy Qur’an - Objective Study), knowing that we touched upon some of the effects, which we found it appropriate to mention in this research in the service of the good. Its details came in the Holy Qur’an without referring to others, noting their arrangement in the Holy Qur’an..

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
المجلة العراقية للعلوم السياسية
Climate changes and their impact on Iraqi women: a study into the causes and necessities of response
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              Climate change is a global environmental issue and a common concern for humanity, and it is an inevitable result of civilization development, especially after the industrial revolution All areas of life                                                             At the level of the Iraqi situation , Iraq faces several challenges posed by Climate change , Such as high temperature, lack of rain, water scarcity , land salinity , and the increase in the proportion of sand and dust storms and the resulting disasters, which impedes development and hinders efforts to reduce poverty , enhance livelihoods , and reduce conflict  to obtain natural resources.                            

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 08 2025
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Veterinary Sciences
Histological and Histochemical Study of the Esophagus Before and After Crop in the Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris)
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