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Spectrophotometric Determination of Clonazepam in Pure and Dosage forms using Charge Transfer Reaction
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A rapid, sensitive and without extraction spectrophotometric method for determination of clonazepam (CLO) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms has been described. The proposed method was simply depended on charge transfer reaction between reduced CLO (n-donor) and metol (N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulfate) as a chromogenic reagent (Ï€- acceptor). The reduced drug, with zinc and concentrated hydrochloric acid, produced a purple colored soluble charge-transfer complex with metol in the presence of sodium metaperiodate in neutral medium, which has been measured at λmax 532 nm. All the variables which affected the developed and the stability of the colored product such as concentration of reagent and oxidant, temperature and time of reaction were investigated and optimized. The linearity of the method was observed within a concentration range 5-40 μg ml-1 CLO and with a correlation coefficient not less than 0.998, while the molar absorbitivity and sandell sensitivity were 3.473×103 L.mole-1.cm-1  and 0.0909 μg cm-2  respectively. The present work includes also the usage of the Benesi–Hildebrand equation for the evaluation of the association constant and molar  absorptivity of the colored complex .Finally the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of CLO in tablets.

Keywords: Spectrophotometric ; Clonazepam ; Metol ; Charge-transfer reaction.

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 03 2023
Journal Name
Buildings
Flexural Performance of a Novel Steel Cold-Formed Beam–PSSDB Slab Composite System Filled with Concrete Material
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In this study, the flexural performance of a new composite beam–slab system filled with concrete material was investigated, where this system was mainly prepared from lightweight cold-formed steel sections of a beam and a deck slab for carrying heavy floor loads as another concept of a conventional composite system with a lower cost impact. For this purpose, seven samples of a profile steel sheet–dry board deck slab (PSSDB/PDS) carried by a steel cold-formed C-purlins beam (CB) were prepared and named “composite CBPDS specimen”, which were tested under a static bending load. Specifically, the effects of the profile steel sheet (PSS) direction (parallel or perpendicular to the span of the specimen) using different C-purlins c

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2026
Journal Name
Surra Man Ra'a
The cultural effect on translating titles of an international Awareness Campaigns with reference from English to Arabic
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The study explains how translation participates in shaping the responses of different communities to global awareness campaigns, and the extent to which language and translated terminology from English to Arabic influence the audience’s understanding and interaction with the awareness messages delivered by these campaigns. The research aims to explore the problems in translating these campaign titles, which may lead to vague meaning, as the process is considered a major challenge due to the need to navigate linguistic nuances, cultural differences, and contextual variations. In this study, some awareness phrases were randomly chosen from many types of organizations’ campaigns, like the WHO, UN, mental health, and Empowerment, a

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Advances In Materials Physics And Chemistry
The Effect of Zn Concentration on the Optical Properties of Cd<sub>10–x</sub>Zn<sub>x</sub>S Films for Solar Cells Applications
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 11 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Contribution of Some Managerial Accounting Techniques to Achieve Market Share Requirements / Applied researchin the Al-Muthanna Cement Company
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The research aims to achieve market share requirements and reach the targeted competitive price through the application of management accounting techniques represented by continuous improvement technique and target costing under an Activity Based Cost (ABC) system and Activity Based Management (ABM), In Muthanna Cement Company to reach the rationalization of the cost of the product and maintain the required quality and improve the profitability of the company.

The problem of research has emerged in the inability of local firms to enter into effective competition with other companies operating in the same economic sector, Because of the high cost of its products, Which led to the sale of the product at prices below its cost, and t

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 21 2022
Journal Name
Neuroquantology
New Record of the Species Margarinotus punctiventer, Marseul, 1854 (Histeridae, Coleoptera) with Forensic Study from Sulaymaniyah, City Iraq.
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 23 2022
Journal Name
Neuroquantology2
New record of the species Hydroteae crytoneurina (Zetterstdt, 1845) (Diptera, Muscidae) with forensic study from Sulaymaniyah City-Iraq
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 08 2017
Journal Name
Neural Computing And Applications
A new algorithm of modified binary particle swarm optimization based on the Gustafson-Kessel for credit risk assessment
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Engenharia Agrícola
HYPERSPECTRAL SPECTROSCOPY TO DETECT DIFFERENT RESPONSES OF TWO SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX) CULTIVARS TO CHARCOAL ROT (MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA) TOXIN
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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2022
Journal Name
Iaes International Journal Of Robotics And Automation
Implementation of a complex fractional order proportional-integral-derivative controller for a first order plus dead time system
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This paper presents the implementation of a complex fractional order proportional integral derivative (CPID) and a real fractional order PID (RPID) controllers. The analysis and design of both controllers were carried out in a previous work done by the author, where the design specifications were classified into easy (case 1) and hard (case 2) design specifications. The main contribution of this paper is combining CRONE approximation and linear phase CRONE approximation to implement the CPID controller. The designed controllers-RPID and CPID-are implemented to control flowing water with low pressure circuit, which is a first order plus dead time system. Simulation results demonstrate that while the implemented RPID controller fails to stabi

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
α-TOCOPHEROL FOLIAR APPLICATION CAN ALLEVIATE THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF SALINITY STRESS ON WHEAT PLANT, TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.
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Pots experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of botanical garden belong to Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn-AL-Haithum, University of Baghdad, for growth season 2018-2019. The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of foliar application of a-tocopherol concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg.L-1) on growth parameters and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes of wheat plant irrigated with sodium chloride concentrations (0, 75, 150, 225) mM.L-1. Salinity reduced plant growth parameter, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf chlorophyll content and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Plant growth parameters were enhanced by foliar application of a-t

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