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Spectrophotometric Determination of Clonazepam in Pure and Dosage forms using Charge Transfer Reaction
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A rapid, sensitive and without extraction spectrophotometric method for determination of clonazepam (CLO) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms has been described. The proposed method was simply depended on charge transfer reaction between reduced CLO (n-donor) and metol (N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulfate) as a chromogenic reagent (Ï€- acceptor). The reduced drug, with zinc and concentrated hydrochloric acid, produced a purple colored soluble charge-transfer complex with metol in the presence of sodium metaperiodate in neutral medium, which has been measured at λmax 532 nm. All the variables which affected the developed and the stability of the colored product such as concentration of reagent and oxidant, temperature and time of reaction were investigated and optimized. The linearity of the method was observed within a concentration range 5-40 μg ml-1 CLO and with a correlation coefficient not less than 0.998, while the molar absorbitivity and sandell sensitivity were 3.473×103 L.mole-1.cm-1  and 0.0909 μg cm-2  respectively. The present work includes also the usage of the Benesi–Hildebrand equation for the evaluation of the association constant and molar  absorptivity of the colored complex .Finally the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of CLO in tablets.

Keywords: Spectrophotometric ; Clonazepam ; Metol ; Charge-transfer reaction.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Ibn Al- Haitham J. Fo R Pure & Appl. Sci
Multipole Mixing Ratios of Gamma Rays From Fe(n,ny Reaction Using Constant Statistical Tensor Method (CST).
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The - M ultiple mixing ratios of -transitions from levels of 56Fe populated in 56 56 Fe n n Fe ( , )  reactions are calculated by using const. S.T.M. This method has been used in other works [3,7] but with pure transition or with transitions that can be considered as pure transitions، in our work we used This method for mixed  - transitions in addition to pure  - transitions. The experimental angular distribution coefficients a2 was used from previous works [1] in order to calculet - values. It is clear from the results that the - values are in good agreement or consistent, within associated errors, with those reported previously [1]. The discrepancies that occur are due to inaccuracies existing in the expe

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2009
Journal Name
Ibn Al- Haitham J. Fo R Pure & Appl. Sci
Multiple Mixing Ratios of Gamma Rays Erγ)nEr(n, From 168 168 Reaction  Using a2 – Ratio Method
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The -mixing of  - transition in Er 168 populated in Er)n,n(Er 168168  reaction is calculated in the present work by using a2- ratio method. This method has used in previou studies [4, 5, 6, 7] in case that the second transition is pure or for that transition which can be considered as pure only, but in one work we applied this method for two cases, in the first one for pure transition and in the 2nd one for non pure transitions. We take into accunt the experimental a2- coefficient for p revious works and -values for one transition only [1]. The results obtained are, in general, in agood agreement within associated errors, with those reported previously [1], the discrepancies that occur are due to inaccuracies existing

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Al-nahrain Journal Of Science
Spectrophotometric Determination of Co(II) in Vitamin B12 Using2-(biphenyl-4-yl)-3-((2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazono)methyl) imidazo [1,2-a]pyridine as Ligand by Flow Injection–Merging Zone Analysis
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Propulsion And Power Research
Heat transfer enhancement from heat sources using optimal design of combined fins heat-sinks
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Effect of Different Diluent and Binder Types on the Preparation of Bisoprolol Fumarate as Tablet Dosage Form
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Hypertension is one of the main causes of heart disease; beta- blockers play a crucial role in the management of patients with essential hypertension. Bisoprolol is one of the widely used drugs for the treatment of hypertension. Bisoprolol tablets were prepared by two methods (direct and wet) using different proportion and types of diluents, different binder types and forms, then evaluated for, weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time and dissolution rate. The results were compared with a reference Bisoprolol tablet.

Both methods of preparation wet and direct compression method gave good results, which are consistent with the requirements of British Pharmacopeia and United States Pharmacopeia. It was found that

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Investigating the Mastering of the Pronunciation of Weak and Strong Forms of English Function Words
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    The weak and strong forms are so called because it is not their lexical content that primary matter, but the role they have in the sentence. The problematic confusion, our students encounter, in recognizing and producing the correct pronunciation of weak and strong forms of the English function words is the main incentive behind conducting  this study. In order to gather the data, this paper used two types of tests: a recognition test and a production test. The general results reached  through the analysis of the students' answers seem to conform to the researcher's assumption: students face a critical problem in recognizing and producing correct pronunciation of the weak and strong forms of the English funct

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A New Spectrophotometric Method for Analysis of Allopurinol in Aqueous Solutions and Pharmaceutical Preparations
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A new method for determination of allopurinol in microgram level depending on its ability to reduce the yellow absorption spectrum of (I-3) at maximum wavelength ( ?max 350nm) . The optimum conditions such as "concentration of reactant materials , time of sitting and order of addition were studied to get a high sensitivity ( ? = 27229 l.mole-1.cm-1) sandal sensitivity : 0.0053 µg cm-2 ,with wide range of calibration curve ( 1 – 9 µg.ml-1 ) good stability (more then24 hr.) and repeatability ( RSD % : 2.1 -2.6 % ) , the Recovery % : ( 98.17 – 100.5 % ) , the Erel % ( 0.50 -1.83 % ) and the interference's of Xanthine , Cystein , Creatinine , Urea and the Glucose in 20 , 40 , 60 fold of analyate were also studied .

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 14 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Determination Optimum Inventory Level for Material Using Genetic Algorithm
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The integration of decision-making will lead to the robust of its decisions, and then determination optimum inventory level to the required materials to produce and reduce the total cost by the cooperation of purchasing department with inventory department and also with other company,s departments. Two models are suggested to determine Optimum Inventory Level (OIL), the first model (OIL-model 1) assumed that the inventory level for materials quantities equal to the required materials, while the second model (OIL-model 2) assumed that the inventory level for materials quantities more than the required materials for the next period.             &nb

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
DETERMINATION SKY RADIO EMISSION BACKGROUND USING RADIO JOVE TELESCOPE
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In This paper, sky radio emission background level associated with radio storm burst for the Sun and Jupiter is determined at frequency (20.1 MHz). The observation data for radio Jove telescope for the Sun and Jupiter radio storm observations data are loaded from NASA radio Jove telescope website, the data of Sunspot number are loaded from National Geophysical Data Center, (NGDC). Two radio Jove stations [(Sula, MT), (Lamy, NM)] are chose from data website for these huge observations data. For the Sun, twelve figures are used to determine the relation between radio background emission, and the daily Sunspot number. For Jupiter a twenty four figures are used to determine the relation between radio background emission and diffraction betwe

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Extraction and Determination of Amygdaline in Iraqi Plant Seeds Using the Combined Simple Extraction Procedure and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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Abstract :In this study, amygdaline in Iraqi plant seeds was extracted and isolated from their seeds matrix using reflux procedure and subsequently identified and determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on reversed phase column of LC-18 (150mm x 4.6mm, 5?m )with actonitrile :water ( 50 : 50 ) as mobile phase at flow rate of ( 0.5 mL/min ) and detection at wavelength of 215 nm.The experimental results indicated that the linearity of calibration is in the range of 1.0-30.0 mg L-1amygdaline with the correlation coefficient of 0.9949. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for amygdaline were of 0.88 and 2.93 mg L-1 in standard pure sample. The mean recovery percent is 97.34±0.58 at 95% confidence inte

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