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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii in Parkinson’s Disease Iraqi Patients
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Background Several studies have addressed the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), among Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients in different countries, and the potential association between the infection and PD; the results of these studies were conflicting. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection among sample of Iraqi PD patients. Also, to examine the potential association of age, PD duration, gender, smoking habit, zone of residence and family history of PD, with the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in PD patients.

Patients and Methods Seventy-four PD patients attaining Dr. Saad Al-Witry Neuroscience Hospital in Baghdad/ Iraq for routine follow up, from different Iraqi governorates, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Detection of T. gondii was performed by detection of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies in serum by ELISA method.

Results The frequency rate of anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in Iraqi PD patients was 43.2% (32/74); while, none of the participants was seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibody. Age, PD duration, smoking habit and zone of residences were not shown to be risk factors for Toxoplasma infection in PD patients (P>0.05); meanwhile, female gender and positive family history of PD were shown to have a protective effect ((OR, 0.309; 95% CI, 0.099-0.966; P= 0.043) and (OR, 0.162; 95% CI, 0.037-0.705; P=0.015); respectively).

Conclusions

The prevalence rate of Toxoplasma infection in Iraqi PD patients is 43.2%, female gender and positive family history of PD might protect against Toxoplasma infection in PD patients.

Key words: Iraq, Neurodegeneration, Parkinson’s disease, Prevalence, Toxoplasma gondii

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Language Studies
A Sociolinguistic Study of Selected Iraqi-Arabic Dialects with Reference to TV Series
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The dramatic series on television have a great impact on people’sattitudes towards dialects of language varieties, by relating theconceptual pictures or prototypes presented by series’ characters tothose dialects. This study aims to show the influence of TV series onIraqi university learners’ gender and age in relating positive ornegative semantic qualities to their dialects. To this end, 150 Iraqi EFLlearners have participated in this study to examine their attitudestowards Baghdadi, Mousli and Nasiriya dialects. The data arecollected by Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner, Fillenbaum's (1960)matched guise technique and then labeled by Willmorth’s (1988)subjective reaction test. A structured interview is conducted to supportthe data

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 21 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Comparison Study between Iraqi Conditions of Contract and FIDIC Conditions- The Red Book
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Reconstruction in Iraq requires coherent legitimate frameworks that are able to detail obligations, rights and responsibilities of the parties participating in reconstruction projects, regardless their type or delivery system.
Conditions of Contract can be considered an important component of these frameworks. This paper investigates flexibility and appropriateness of the application of Iraqi conditions of contract in reconstruction projects. These conditions were compared to FIDIC Conditions. The objective wasn't comparing individual clauses, but rather exploring the principles and philosophy laying behind each conditions, and to what extent each conditions care about realizing equity between main contract parties. Validity of applic

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 21 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Development of Iraqi license plate recognition system based on Canny edge detection method
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In recent years, there has been expanding development in the vehicular part and the number of vehicles moving on the road in all the sections of the country. Vehicle number plate identification based on image processing is a dynamic area of this work; this technique is used for security purposes such as tracking of stolen cars and access control to restricted areas. The License Plate Recognition System (LPRS) exploits a digital camera to capture vehicle plate numbers is used as input to the proposed recognition system. Basically, the developing system is consist of three phases, vehicle license plate localization, character segmentation, and character recognition, the License Plate (LP) detection is presented using canny Edge detection algo

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Southwest Jiaotong University
Recognizing Job Apathy Patterns of Iraqi Higher Education Employees Using Data Mining Techniques
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Psychological research centers help indirectly contact professionals from the fields of human life, job environment, family life, and psychological infrastructure for psychiatric patients. This research aims to detect job apathy patterns from the behavior of employee groups in the University of Baghdad and the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. This investigation presents an approach using data mining techniques to acquire new knowledge and differs from statistical studies in terms of supporting the researchers’ evolving needs. These techniques manipulate redundant or irrelevant attributes to discover interesting patterns. The principal issue identifies several important and affective questions taken from

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 12 2013
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Determination of Optimum Mechanical Drilling Parameters for an Iraqi Field with Regression Model
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 20 2024
Journal Name
Sumer Journal For Pure Science
Classify the Nutritional Status of Iraqi children under Five Years Using Fuzzy Classification
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 21 2023
Journal Name
Biomedical And Pharmacology Journal
Polyphenolic Profiles and Cytotoxic Effect of Iraqi Morus alba leaves Ethyl Acetate Extract.
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Morus alba, member of the Moraceae family, is a perennial tree utilized in folk medicine, preparing the modern drug, and considered the main food for silkworms. However, data on chemical content in the leaves is still limited; the main objective of this study is to detect the presence and determine the concentration of different polyphenolic constituents in the leaves of the Morus alba plant by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and evaluate the cytotoxic effect of ethyl acetate extract of this plant on human breast cancer (AMJ-13) cell line. Phytochemical analysis of the Morus alba leaves ethyl acetate extract led to identifying and quantification of six polyphenolic constituents designated as phenolic a

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 16 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Iraqi Community Pharmacists Toward Emergency Contraceptives (Conference Paper )#
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Emergency contraceptives (ECs) are indicated for preventing the chance of unintended pregnancy that follows unprotected sexual intercourse in cases of incorrectly used regular contraceptives and in sexual assault. It is considered a safe choice to prevent pregnancy than abortion which is considered life threating. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of community pharmacists towards emergency contraceptives and their association with sociodemographic variables. This study was a cross sectional study conducted between August and September 2021 on a convenient sample of community pharmacists from Iraq. The survey tool was an online, self-administered questionnaire, in English language and a paper-bas

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 11 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Extraction and Identification of Phenolic Compounds from the Iraqi Heliotropium europaeum L. plant
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           The plants of genus Heliotropium L. (Boraginaceae) are well-known for containing the toxic metabolites called pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in addition to the other secondary metabolites. Its spread in the Mediterranean area northwards to central and southern Europe, Asia, South Russia, Caucasia, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, and India, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and over lower Iraq, Western desert. The present study includes the preparation of various extracts from aerial parts of the Iraqi plant. Fractionation, screening the active constituent, and identification by chromatographic techniques were carried out.Heliotropium  europaeum

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 15 2016
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Jour. For Pure & Appl. Sci
Adsorption of Bromo Phenol Red Dye from Aqueous Solution by Iraqi Bentonite Clay
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This studies deals with investigated the potential of a Iraqi bentonite clay for the adsorption of bromo phenol red dye from contaminated water. Impulse adsorption experiments were performed. The contact time influence of initial dye concentration, temperature, pH, ionic strength, partical size adsorbent and adsorbent dosage on bromo phenol red adsorption are investigated in a series of batch adsorption experiments. Adsorption equilibrium data were analyzed and described by the Freundlich, Langmuir and temkin isotherms equations. Thermodynamic parameters inclusive the Gibbs free energy (∆G• ), enthalpy (∆H• ), and entropy (∆S• ), were also calculated. These parameters specified that adsorption of bromo phenol red onto bentonite

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