One of the key molecules in the conversion of sphingosine to sphingosine-1- phosphate is SPHK-1, also known as Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SPHK-1). Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid that acts as a signaling molecule and plays an essential role in inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses. S1P has recently been identified as a mediator and a biomarker in inflammatory bone diseases such as osteoporosis and inflammatory osteolysis based on the biological effects of S1P in osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells and immune cells. According to recent research, S1P may play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, an inflammatory bone-destructive condition. This study assesses the salivary level SPHK-1 in periodontitis and its correlation with periodontal parameters. The study sample consisted of 65 participants, both males and females. It was divided into three groups: the first group, the Healthy Control group (15 Subjects). The second group, Periodontitis Stage II (25 Subjects), and the third group, Periodontitis Stage III (25 Subjects). Collection of whole unstimulated salivary samples from all participants was carried out, followed by an examination of clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level). Then, radiographs confirmed the staging of periodontitis. Collected saliva was subjected to biomarker analysis using an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the SPHK-1 level. This study found an increase in the mean SPHK-1 level with increased severity of periodontitis with a significant difference. In addition, positive weak correlations were found between the salivary SPHK-1 and the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, BOP, PPD, CAL). The study demonstrated that the salivary SPHK-1 level can be helpful to monitor periodontal disease progression. Keywords: Periodontitis, Saliva, Sphingosine -1 phosphate, Sphingosine kinase1.
The goal of the current study was to research the changes in hematological parameters: WBC count, RBCs count, Hb, PCV, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte in albino mice infected with Aspergillus fumigatus by intraperitoneal injection after induced immunosuppression by intraperitoneal injection of cortisone. The current research also examined an attempt to reduce the infection load by treating Solanum aculeastrum. The result shows higher decreased significance (P≤0. 05) in RBCs, Hb, and PCV after being infected with A. fumigatus 7. 1 ± 0. 8, 11. 3 ± 0. 5 and 41. 5 ± 2. 4, respectively, while the total WBC count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocytes were increased significantly (P≤0. 05) after treatment with S. aculeastrum i
... Show MoreThe objective of this study is to enable the role of modern and advanced computerized information systems. The model or mechanism should be developed by collecting the necessary information about the taxpayers and the sources of the taxpayers' income, on the basis of which the accuracy of the inventory process will be adopted. In addition to studies related to computerized information systems and showing their importance to the tax institution. To achieve the objectives of the study and to answer its questions, the researcher relied on collecting data and information on the subject on the literature and previous studies The secondary sources, which also formed the theoretical framework of the study, were obtained either as a practical fr
... Show MoreThe study consisted in the development and use of a practical method to detect and
monitor, analyze and produce maps of changes in land use and land cover in the district of
Mahmudiya in Baghdad during the period 1990-2007 using the applications of remote sensing
techniques and with the assisstant of geographic information systems (GIS),as a valuable
contribution to land degradation studies.
This study is based maiuly on the processing on two subsets of landsat5 TM images picked up
in August 1990 and 2007 respectively in order to facilitate comparision and were thengeometrically and radiometrcally calibrated ,to used for digital classification purposes using
maximum liklihoods classification or six spectral bands of
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection that triggers immune cells to produce cytokines and inflammatory mediators that are responsible for abnormal or aborted immune responses. This study highlights the evaluation of the Dectin-1 receptor and cytokine IL-37 in the serum of 80 patients who had miscarried in the first trimester and were infected with toxoplasmosis, as well as 40 pregnant women in the first trimester who had a successful pregnancy (control groups). The serum was first screened for the T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and then the serum levels of IL-37 and Dectin-1 were determined. The results showed that the serum level of Dectin-1 was significantly increased in anti-
... Show MoreThe products of the surrealist school since its inception to this day have greatly influenced art in the world, so we find many artists around the world invested in their visual texts the forms generated by surrealism, and here the researcher raises several questions: What are the formal vocabulary that directly or indirectly refers to Self-used by the surrealist painter? Was the surrealist form understood as intended by the movement? In these questions, the research problem is summarized. The importance of it lies in identifying the references to the form of the human self, which are related to the psychological field in the works of the surrealists, especially Salvador Dali. Then the researcher chose his research community from the wor
... Show MoreThis research shed light on the relationship between the social orientation of the marketing (interests of the Organization ,the welfare of society, satisfaction the customer) strategies competitive dimensions of (cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy, focus and strategy), As well as to to seek to achieve a number of knowledge and applied goals, and represented the field research problem extent of interesting researched the application of social orientation and interest in achieving competitive strategy and omission of this interest in the hotels the surveyed Organization, Based on this problem, and to clarify the relationshi
... Show MoreBreak in the bond and its impact on the difference of scholars
The world is witnessing a remarkable development in the use of technology, which has made it an essential means of investment, especially in the field of management, which provided many of the facilities experienced by the institutions, including improving revenues, shortening time and saving labor. Islamic investment technology as a successful means of management and we touched on the Zakat Foundation as an application model.
Aim of the study is to find any correlation between obesity (insulin resistance) and type I diabetes in children. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are the common health problems, and obesity is common cause of the insulin resistance. The results revealed marked increased in glucose, insulin, HbAlc and insulin resistance in obese diabetic type I patients comparing to control group they were obese and non-obese found to be within normal values for glucose, insulin, FIbAlc , and insulin resistance.
This study aimed at identifying the counseling needs for classroom teachers specialization in
Jerash university. The sample of the study consisted (112) students. To achieve this goal a
scale with (39) items was built by the researcher, this scale has four domains they are as
follows; family, social, psychological and academic domain. The results of this study showed
that counseling needs obtain the heighest average. As well as, the results of the study revealed
that there were statistical differences in favor of gender and teaching year variable. Finally the
study stated a list of recommendations.