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Assessment of Color Change of Artificial White Spot Lesions after Sandblasting with Bioactive Glass, Resin Infiltration, or Microabrasion Followed by Color Stability Test by pH Cycling: An in Vitro Study
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Introduction: This study aimed to assess the color change of human teeth with artificial enamel white spot lesions (WSLs) after sandblasting with bioactive glass, resin infiltration, and microabrasion and to test color stability after pH cycling. Methods: Fifty extracted human mandibular first molars were randomly assigned into five groups: Sound, WSLs (untreated), and WSLs sandblasted with bioactive glass (Sylc), WSLs treated by resin infiltration (ICON), and WSLs treated by microabrasion (Opalustre), respectively. All specimens underwent a pH cycling procedure. The color parameters for each specimen were assessed using an Easyshade dental spectrophotometer at different time stages then the color changes (ΔE) were calculated. Results: The demineralization step recorded a significant color change (P < 0.01). All treatments significantly reduced the lesion color change (P < 0.01), amongst which ICON recorded the greatest color reduction (ΔE = 2.94). The pH cycling resulted in a negative color impact for the Sylc group. Conclusion: Resin infiltration was able to enhance the WSLs’ color and reestablish the natural color of the teeth efficiently as compared to bioactive glass and microabrasion.

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 20 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The effect of high-intensity interval training (using weights) during the special preparation period on functional variables among junior basketball players
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This study is concerned with the comparison of the results of some tests of passing and dribbling of the basketball of tow different years between teams of chosen young players in Baghdad. Calculative methods were used namely (Arithmetic mean, Value digression and T.test for incompatible specimens). After careful calculative treatments, it has been that there were abstract or no abstract differences in the find results of chestpass, highdribble and cross-over dribble. The clubs were: (Al-Khark, Air defence, Police and Al-Adamiyah) each one separate from the other for the year (2000-2001). After all that many findings were reached such as the lack of objective valuation (periodical tests) between one sport season and the other. In the light

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Compatibility between leadership of empowerment and organizational learning abilities and their reflection on knowledge capital Applied research at Wasit University
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The current research aims at: - Identifying the role played by the leadership in empowerment and organizational learning abilities and their reflection on the knowledge capital, and the extent to which these concepts can be applied effectively at Wasit University. The problem of research .... In a series of questions: The most important is that the dimensions leadership empowerment and distance learning organizational capacity correlation relationship and impact and significant statistical significance with the capital knowledge.

     To understand the nature of the relationship and the impact between the variables, leadership was adopted by empowerment as the fir

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 25 2025
Journal Name
مجلة كلية التربية
A Multi-modal Critical Discourse Analysis of Selected English Political Cartoons تحليل خطاب نقدي متعدد الوسائط لرسوم كاريكاتورية سياسية إنجليزية مختارة
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This study analyses six political cartoons selected based on their relevance to current Iraqi political issues, specifically the period between 2005 and 2015, from American online newspapers (calgecartooms.com). The selection criteria included the cartoons' satirical elements, visual rhetoric, and their ability to engage with themes such as power dynamics, social issues, and public opinion. It sheds light on how these cartoons can function as mediators of meanings between the cartoonists and the readers. The data is examined using multimodal discourse analysis (MDA), which combines language study with the analysis of other visual elements, like colors, gestures, and images, to understand meaning (O’Halloran et al., 2011). The Visual Socia

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 21 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The impact of a computerized program (cogniplus) to develop the strength to focus and perform kinetic chain on the balance beam
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Unstable Angina /Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Frequency of Conventional Risk Factors; TIMI Risk Score, and Their Impact On Angiographic Data
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Background: Appreciation of the crucial role of risk factors in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most significant advances in the understanding of this important disease. Extensive epidemiological research has established cigarette smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension as independent risk factors for CADObjective: To determine the prevalence of the 4 conventional risk factors(cigarette smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) among patients with CAD and to determine the correlation of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score with the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with unstable angina /non ST elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI).Methods: We

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 13 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Evaluation of English Language Textbooks for Fifth and Sixth Graders Based on the American Council Criteria for Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
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Abstract

This study aims to identify the extent to which the criteria of the American Council for Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL) are included in the English language books for the fifth and sixth graders. To achieve the objective of the study, a content analysis card was prepared, where the classification of language proficiencies was divided into five main levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced, superior, and distinguished) of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing), The content analysis card consisted of (89) indicators distributed at the four levels of language skills as follows: Listening (17), speaking (33), reading (15), and writing (26). The study sample consisted of Engl

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 29 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Extracting Four Solar Model Electrical Parameters of Mono-Crystalline Silicon (mc-Si) and Thin Film (CIGS) Solar Modules using Different Methods
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Experimental measurements were done for characterizing current-voltage and power-voltage of two types of photovoltaic (PV) solar modules; monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si) and copper indium gallium di-selenide (CIGS). The conversion efficiency depends on many factors, such as irradiation and temperature. The assembling measures as a rule cause contrast in electrical boundaries, even in cells of a similar kind. Additionally, if the misfortunes because of cell associations in a module are considered, it is hard to track down two indistinguishable photovoltaic modules. This way, just the I-V, and P-V bends' trial estimation permit knowing the electrical boundaries of a photovoltaic gadget with accuracy. This measure

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine And Toxicology
Continuous Flow Injection Analysis,Turbidmetric and Photometric Determination of Methyldopa Using a New Long Distance Chasing Photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2)
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A specific, sensitive and new simple method was used for the determination of methyldopa in pure and pharmaceutical formulations by using continuous flow injection analysis. This method is based on formation of ion pair compound between methyldopa and potassium hexacyanoferrate in acidic medium to obtain a yellow precipitate complex using long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2). The linear range for calibration graph was 0.05-35 mmol/L for cell A and 0.05-25 mmol/L for cell B, and LOD 1.4292 µg /200 µL for both cells with correlation coefficient (r) 0.9981 for cell A and 0.9994 for cell B, RSD% was lower than 0.5 % for n=8 for. The results were compared with classical method UV-Spectrophotometric at λ max=280 nm and turbi

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research
Phytochemical investigation,anti-proliferative and antioxidant- activities of Iraqi Capparisspinosa L. (Family Capparidaceae) against MCF-7 human Breast cancer cell line
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Publication Date
Sat Apr 04 2026
Journal Name
Engineering, Technology &amp; Applied Science Research
Experimental Optimization of PLC-Integrated Multi-Loop PID Control for a Three-Level Electro-Hydraulic Elevator Using PSO and Cheetah Optimizer
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This study presents the design, modeling, and experimental evaluation of a three-level electro-hydraulic elevator system controlled by a Delta DVP-20SX2 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) equipped with an integrated Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) module. The PLC, programmed in Ladder Logic using ISPSoft 2.46, regulates cabin motion across all three levels. A detailed MATLAB/Simulink model was developed, incorporating three PID controllers: one for displacement regulation via a proportional directional control valve and two for dynamic pressure regulation using a proportional pressure relief valve. Conventional PID parameters were initially tuned using the trial-and-error method based on time-domain performance indices a

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