Tool wear is a major problem in machining operations because the resulting material loss gradually changes of the machine tool. There many factors may leads to material loss like; friction, corrosion, and also it’s happened by rubbing during machining processes between the work piece and the tool. Dimensional accuracy of the work piece, and also the surface finish will be reducing by tool wear. It can also increase cutting force. In this study, we focused on the effect of the coating process on crater wear problems. Crater wear is caused by the flow between the chip and the rake face of the tool, whereas flank wear is caused by the contact between the tool and the work piece. In reducing crater wear, aluminum titanium nitride (AlTiN) using Al0.67 Ti0.33 in cathodic arc plating system is considered effective as a tools coating material. In reducing flank wear, AlTiN is also deemed as the best tool coating material. Experimentally, the use of Ti/AlTiN-coated tools has been proven effective in reducing crater wear. In this study, the roughness Ra values of the (Ti/AlTiN) coatings were (0.14, 0.15, 0.23, 0.02, 0.21) µm at values of layers thickness (1.138, 1.518, 1.735, 2.717, 3.0818) µm, respectively. The lowest COF appeared at thickness 2.717 µm and the high coefficient of friction of the Ti/AlTiN coating was a result of high roughness and the large contact surface area of the system coating steel ball. The two most important parameters used to measure crater wear are length and width of wear.
The introduction of the research on the science of training and the physiology of sports was addressed from important sciences, where the physical effort drew the attention of scientists since the past centuries when they studied how the body performs its functions when performing physical exertion and observe the changes that occur in it and write down and study especially the positive effects of the practice of daily sports The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of plank exercises on the lipid component and the metabolic rate (bmr) of the female students of the Higher Institute for Security and Management Development. As for the third chapter, the two researchers used the experimental method on a sample of the female s
... Show MoreAbu Al- Qasim Qa ,im Maqam is famous figure in political life of lranian; The life of Abu Al- Qasim Qa ,im Maqam is full of incidents and conflicts in the period of the expansion of foreign influence in lran Abu Al- Qasim Qa ,im Maqam has an important role in the history of Iran Modern political considered him one of the most prominent leaders to the unified Arabian nationalistic liberating Abu Al- Qasim Qa ,im Maqam raised in the history of the Qajar .
Construction projects have become a changing dramatically in recent decades and that the goal of the beneficiaries of the implementation of structural project is to complete the work with less time and within the cost of the specific and the best possible quality may sometimes happen that highlights the importance of time on the rest of the items at the implementation of projects for various reasons, including the need to use the project as soon as possible possible change rapidly to customer's requests, but the high cost of the project represents the biggest obstacle for entrepreneurs with its effects on the quality and the time workers, and is a measure of those elements in monetary terms is the key to integration between them, so the
... Show MoreBackground: Women sexuality is basic right and it plays a major role in women's Health aspects. Up is one of the factors that lead to sexual dysfunction while the incidence of it is rising as UP severity being more. Objectives: To assess the impact of different degrees of uterine prolapse on sexual function of women at teaching hospitals in AL-Hilla City. Methodology: A descriptive analytical study was conducted from 1ST Feb to 10th Jun /2014 to assess the impact of different degrees of uterine prolapse on sexual function for women who attend to consultant clinic at teaching hospitals in AL-Hilla City
This current study was built on creating four electrodes based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). As the template using Cefalexin (CFX), 1-vinyl imidazole (VIZ) and vinyl acetate (VA) as monomer, and N, N-methylene bis acrylamide (MBAA) as cross-linkers and benzoyl peroxide as the initiator, two MIPs were prepared. The same composition was used in non-impressed polymers (NIPs) preparation, but without the template (Cefalexin). For the membranes preparation, numerous plasticizers, such as tri-oly phosphate (TOP) and di-octyl phthalate (DOP), were used in the PVC matrix, slop, detection limit, lifetime, and linearity range of CFX-MIPs electrodes are characteristics &nb
... Show MoreThe reality of teaching the Arabic language rules is not satisfactory, as the pedagogical methods used do not help students develop their mental skills, especially critical thinking skills. They are often traditional in terms of teaching students, who are passive, passive, often passive, active, and often active, their listening task, and the teacher's task of narrating facts and judgments. It is a blind simulation student, a dependency on others, and a weak spirit of creativity, innovation, and opinion. The opinions of educators and teachers almost agree on the reasons for students' weakness in learning the rules of Arabic, and that the reason lies in the way of teaching. The difficulty or the ease of the rules of Arabic does not lie in th
... Show MoreGarlic is rich in nutritional and medicinal value as it has been found that the water extract of garlic plant contains 31% carbohydrates and rich in elements calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and pyridoxine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic extract (
In the present work, heterojunction diode detectors will be prepared using germanium wafers as a substrate material and 200 nm tin sulfide thickness will be evaporated by using thermal evaporation method as thin film on the substrate. Nd:YAG laser (λ=532 nm) with different energy densities (5.66 J/cm2 and 11.32 J/cm2) is used to diffuse the SnS inside the surface of the germanium samples with 10 laser shots in different environments (vacuum and distilled water). I-V characteristics in the dark illumination, C-V characteristics, transmission measurements, spectral responsivity and quantum efficiency were investigated at 300K. The C-V measurements have shown that the heterojunction were of abrupt type and the maximum value of build-in pot
... Show MoreThe evaluation of subsurface formations as applied to oil well drilling started around 50 years ago. Generally, the curent review articule includes all methods for coring, logging, testing, and sampling. Also the methods for deciphering logs and laboratory tests that are relevant to assessing formations beneath the surface, including a look at the fluids they contain are discussed. Casing is occasionally set in order to more precisely evaluate the formations; as a result, this procedure is also taken into account while evaluating the formations. The petrophysics of reservoir rocks is the branch of science interested in studying chemical and physical properties of permeable media and the components of reservoir rocks which are associated
... Show MoreThe treasury bills one internal government debt instruments in iraq that were used to finance temporary deficits in the government budget, There fore the government resorted to issuing for the purpose of providing liquidity, As well as to invest in productive progects, After that it was financing the budget deficit by the monetary authovity of the central baalpennek [the new cash velease] which led to negative effects on the Iraqi econome, Thus we find that the treasury transfers have formed alarge proportion of the gross domestic government debt to finance the deficit ayear ago 2003. &nbs
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