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alkej-370
Delignification of Date Palm Fronds using Modified Organosolv Technique
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Abstract

  In this study, modified organic solvent (organosolv) method was applied to remove high lignin content in the date palm fronds (type Al-Zahdi) which was taken from the Iraqi gardens. In modified organosolv, lignocellulosic material is fractionated into its constituents (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose). In this process, solvent (organic)-water is brought into contact with the lignocellulosic biomass at high temperature, using stainless steel reactor (digester). Therefor; most of hemicellulose will remove from the biomass, while the solid residue (mainly cellulose) can be used in various industrial fields. Three variables were studied in this process: temperature, ratio of ethanol to water and digestion time. Statistical experimental design type Central Composite Design (CCD) has been used to find a mathematical relationship between the variables and the remaining lignin percent as dependent variable. The results obtained in this study were represented by a polynomial mathematical equation of the second degree.  The results showed that the best digestion time was (80 minutes), which gave the best percent remaining concentration of lignin (3%) at temperature of 185oC and ratio of ethanol: water equal to 50: 50 wt/wt. In order to reduce digesting time, the effect of using different catalysts have been studied such as (NaOH, H2SO4, Ca (OH) 2) at low concentration (0.025, 0.025, 0.05M) respectively. It was found that the best catalyst is sodium hydroxide at concentration (0.025) mol/L which gave the same percent of  lignin 3% but with low digestion time about 30 min.

Keywords: Biomass pre-treatment, delignification, lignin, organosolv, date palm fronds.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 10 2014
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Applications
Design and Implementation of Appliance Controller using Traditional or Smart Phone
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Mobile phones are widely used nowadays, for different application such as wireless control and monitoring due to its availability and ease of use. The implemented system is based on "global system mobile (GSM)" network by using "short message service (SMS)". The design mainly contains a GSM modem and interfacing unit circuit with microcontrollers. This system could control up to eight different electrical devices such as light, Air conditioner, washing machine and many more applications which needed in daily life in different area (House, Office, or factory, etc.). The control is done by sending a specific SMS messages from traditional or smart phone. The controlling devices are restricted to a pre-defined phone number and are set in the so

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Publication Date
Sun May 01 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Applications
Lossless Image Compression using Adaptive Predictive Coding of Selected Seed Values
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Surgery
Evaluation of using double Teostrut graft to control naral tip projection
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Abstract Background: Dne of the key component of nasal tipplasty is effecter control of naral tip projection. Several cartilage grafts have been decreased for this purpose each had its own advantage and disadvantage. Aim: To evaluate using of double teostrut graft for controlling of tip projection. Patients and Methods: A total number of 170 patients were subjected to primary and secondary rhino plaster between January 2020 to January 2023. Those patients had double Teostrut banner graft for support of their nasal tip and maintaining tip projection after operation. Results: The follow period was ranging between 6-12 months. The shape of the nose was evaluating by patents vernal analogues scale. The average score for patients satisfaction wa

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Apexification and Periapical Healing of Immature Teeth Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 15 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Desalination of Highly Saline Water Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)
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In this work, laboratory experiments were carried out to verify direct contact membrane distillation system’s performance in highly saline water desalination. The study included the investigation of various operating conditions, like feed flow rate, temperature and concentration of NaCl solution and their impact on the permeation flux were discussed. 16 cm2 of a flat sheet membrane module with commercial poly-tetra-fluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane, which has 0.22 μm pore size, 96 µm thickness and 78% average porosity, was used. A high salt rejection factor was obtained greater than 99.9%, and the permeation flux up to 17.27 kg/m2.h was achieved at 65°C for hot feed side and 20°C for cold side stream.

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research
Corrosion Protection of Carbon Steel in Saline Solution Using Plant Extracts
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Publication Date
Thu Nov 21 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Thermal Buckling of Angle-Ply Laminated Plates Using New Displacement Function
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ABSTRACT

Critical buckling temperature of angle-ply laminated plate is developed using a higher-order displacement field. This displacement field used by Mantari et al based on a constant ‘‘m’’, which is determined to give results closest to the three dimensions elasticity (3-D) theory. Equations of motion based on higher-order theory angle ply plates are derived through Hamilton, s principle, and solved using Navier-type solution to obtain critical buckling temperature for simply supported laminated plates. Changing (α2/ α1) ratios, number of layers, aspect ratios, E1/E2 ratios for thick and thin plates and their effect on thermal

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 13 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Apexification and periapical healing of immature teeth using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
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Background: Apexification is a method to induce a calcified barrier in a root with an open apex or the continued apical development of an incomplete root in teeth with necrotic pulp. MTA apexification has several advantages such as it neither gets resorbed, nor weakens the root canal dentin, and also sets in the wet environment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of MTA in apexification and periapical healing of teeth with incomplete root formation and periapical infection. Materials and method: Apexification was carried out on fourteen permanent immature teeth of eleven children aged 7-12 years attended the teaching hospital of College of Dentistry, Baghdad University using mineral trioxide aggregate followed

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Spectrophotometric Determination of Chromium Using Indigo Carmine -Application in Various Samples
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A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of chromium is studied. The method is based on the interaction of chromium with indigo carmine dye in acidic medium and the presence of oxalates as a catalyst for interaction, and after studying the absorption spectrum of the solution resulting observed decrease in the intensity of the absorption. As happened (Bleaching) for color dye, this palace and directly proportional to the chromium (VI) amount was measured intensity of the absorption versus solution was figurehead at a wavelength of 610 nm. A plot of absorbance with chromium (VI) concentration gives a straight line indicating that Beer’s law has been obeyed over the range of 0.5

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Methods And Objects Of Chemical Analysis
Spectrophotometric Analysis of Quaternary Drug Mixtures using Artificial Neural network model
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A Novel artificial neural network (ANN) model was constructed for calibration of a multivariate model for simultaneously quantitative analysis of the quaternary mixture composed of carbamazepine, carvedilol, diazepam, and furosemide. An eighty-four mixing formula where prepared and analyzed spectrophotometrically. Each analyte was formulated in six samples at different concentrations thus twentyfour samples for the four analytes were tested. A neural network of 10 hidden neurons was capable to fit data 100%. The suggested model can be applied for the quantitative chemical analysis for the proposed quaternary mixture.

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