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Study the Characterization of Adding Polymer-Surfactant Agent on the Drag Reduction Phenomena in Pipeline Flow System
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  Abstract    

In this study, the effect of carboxylic methyl cellulose (CMC), and sodium dodcyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as an aqueous solution on the drag reduction was investigated. Different concentrations of (CMC) and (SDBS) such as (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, and 500 ppm) were used to analyze the aqueous solution properties, including surface tension, conductivity, and shear viscosity. The optimum four concentrations (i.e., 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm) of fluid properties were utilized to find their effect on the drag reduction. Two different PVC pipe diameters (i.e., 1" and 3/4") were used in this work. The  results showed that blending CMC with SDBS gives a good drag reduction percent about (58%) more than using them individually, friction factor decreasing with increasing Reynolds number and gives good agreement with von Karamn equation and maximum drag reduction (MDR) asymptote. Reynolds number, pipe diameter, and polymer-surfactant concentrations were considered as influencing factors. In addition, critical micelle concentration, the onset of drag reduction, and the interactions between the mixed additives were discussed. 

Keyword: CMC, SDBS, drag reduction, friction factor, blending of additives.

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Publication Date
Tue May 01 2018
Journal Name
Sci.int.(lahore)
The Effect of Wavelet Coefficient Reduction on Image Compression Using DWT and Daubechies Wavelet Transform
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FG Mohammed, HM Al-Dabbas, Science International, 2018 - Cited by 2

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Estimation of Time of Survival Rate by Using Clayton Function for the Exponential Distribution with Practical Application
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Each phenomenon contains several variables. Studying these variables, we find mathematical formula to get the joint distribution and the copula that are a useful and good tool to find the amount of correlation, where the survival function was used to measure the relationship of age with the level of cretonne in the remaining blood of the person. The Spss program was also used to extract the influencing variables from a group of variables using factor analysis and then using the Clayton copula function that is used to find the shared binary distributions using multivariate distributions, where the bivariate distribution was calculated, and then the survival function value was calculated for a sample size (50) drawn from Yarmouk Ho

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 22 2022
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Science
Effect of Adding Different Levels of Spirulina Algae (Spirulina Platensis) To the Diet of Japanese Quail on the Productive Performance
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This experiment was conducted at Poultry Research Station of the Animal Resources Research Department-Office Agricultural Research-Ministry of Agriculture in Iraq, during a period of 16 weeks (four periods and each period of four weeks) from 21 th April to 10 th August 2019. In this experiment 240 Japanese quail's female 9 weeks old, were used in this experiment. Females were randomly assigned to five treatments with three replicates per treatment (16 females/replicate). The experimental treatments were T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 with an addition of Spirulina in an average of (0, 1, 2, 3, 4%) respectively in the diets of quail to study their effect on productive performance. The results of the experiment showed significant increase (P≤0.05) re

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Publication Date
Fri May 22 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The strategy of Marketable Public Relations Internationally Analytical study of the websites of “ Apple “ and “Samsung “ on the internet: (A research drawn from a Master Degree thesis)
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The international organizations showed their interest in the marketable public relations, with their activities, means and strategies, they play a crucial role in marketing products, services and ideas of the institution. They are considered to be the link between the company and its public, They are responsible for presenting the institution to the public, with honest transmission of the information. This gives a good impression to the institution, in a way the institution and its products become consistent with the needs and interests of the public.  Based on this, the research aims to identify the strategies used by the marketable public relations internationally.  The r

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The significance of the saying of Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar (has a vision) and the impact of this on the hadith, an applied study through the approximation of Refinement.
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Summary:

This research revolves around the probing of those whom Ibn Hajar said, "He has a vision", its significance, and the ruling on the connection and transmission to it.  The number of narrators reached fifty-one (51) narrators, among whom it was said, “He has a vision, whether it is definite or possibly. Some of them had a vision and companionship.”They are eleven (11) narrators, And among them were those who had visions and had no company, and their number was twenty-one (21) narrators, and among them were those who had no vision and nor company, and their number is nineteen (19) narrators.
As a result , whoever said about him “has a vision” and has companions, his hadith is connected, even i

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Public budget System repair Targets Prepared Public Budget
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Require senior management of the state when developing the strategy the general budget to the clarity of the reasons that are based upon the ministries in the preparation of estimates of expenditure for the next year to justify the spending, and in the absence of targets, the ministry or government unit would not be in front, but be guided by the size of expenditure for the last year in addition to the percentage of represented an increase of appropriations required for the next year in light of the fiscal policy of the state, so the requested increase in appropriations to meet the desired increase in some of its activities and to meet the increase in salaries and prices. So must be available to the Ministry of criteria that coul

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 31 2012
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Design a Security Network System against Internet Worms
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 Active worms have posed a major security threat to the Internet, and many research efforts have focused on them. This paper is interested in internet worm that spreads via TCP, which accounts for the majority of internet traffic. It presents an approach that use a hybrid solution between two detection algorithms: behavior base detection and signature base detection to have the features of each of them. The aim of this study is to have a good solution of detecting worm and stealthy worm with the feature of the speed. This proposal was designed in distributed collaborative scheme based on the small-world network model to effectively improve the system performance.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Reality and Challenges of Digital Marketing: An Empirical Study on Teaching Staff at Jouf University
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Given the growing interest in digital marketing operations and the technology imposed by the reality in which both companies and their customers are affected, the researchers attempted to shed light on the reality and challenges of digital marketing from the faculty members viewpoint at Jouf university, the problem is that technology has imposed a new reality that has resulted in a major change in behavioral patterns of customers with a number of obstacles and challenges confronted customers in digital marketing, it is expected that the outcomes of this study help companies in overcoming the obstacles that prevent the desire and ability of the customer to change his behavioral style to deal with electronic shopping operations and

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 30 2018
Journal Name
الجامعة المستنصرية كلية الإدارة و الاقتصاد
The possibility of adoption of hybrid cloud computing in Iraqi universities : an analytical study using technology acceptance model
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الناصر، عامر عبد الرزاق عبد المحسن والكبيسي، صلاح الدين عواد كريم. 2018. إمكانية تبني الحوسبة السحابية الهجينة في الجامعات العراقية : دراسة تحليلية باستخدام أنموذج القبول التكنولوجي. مجلة الإدا

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparison of Some Suggested Estimators Based on Differencing Technique in the Partial Linear Model Using Simulation
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In this paper new methods were presented based on technique of differences which is the difference- based modified jackknifed generalized ridge regression estimator(DMJGR) and difference-based generalized  jackknifed ridge regression estimator(DGJR), in estimating the parameters of linear part of the partially linear model. As for the nonlinear part represented by the nonparametric function, it was estimated using Nadaraya Watson smoother. The partially linear model was compared using these proposed methods with other estimators based on differencing technique through the MSE comparison criterion in simulation study.

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