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Prediction of Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate in Electrochemical Machining Using Taguchi Method
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Electrochemical machining is one of the widely used non-conventional machining processes to machine complex and difficult shapes for electrically conducting materials, such as super alloys, Ti-alloys, alloy steel, tool steel and stainless steel.  Use of optimal ECM process conditions can significantly reduce the ECM operating, tooling, and maintenance cost and can produce components with higher accuracy. This paper studies the effect of process parameters on surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR), and the optimization of process conditions in ECM. Experiments were conducted based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array (OA) with three process parameters viz. current, electrolyte concentration, and inter-electrode gap. Signal-to-noise (S/N), the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to find the optimal levels and to analyze the effect of electrochemical machining parameters on Ra and MRR. The surface roughness of the workpiece was decreased with the increase in current values and electrolyte concentration while causing an increase in material removal rate. The ability of the independent values to predict the dependent values (R2) were 87.5% and 96.3% for mean surface roughness and material removal rate, respectively.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2007
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Zinc Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Electro-Coagulation Process
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Electro coagulation treatment was used for zinc removal from electroplating wastewater of the State Company for Electrical Industries . This wastewater, here consists zinc ions with maximum concentration in solution of 90 ppm .

The parameters that influenced the wastewater treatment are: current density in the range  1-1.4 mA/cm2, pH  in the range 5-10, temperature in the range 25-45°C and time in the range 10-180 minute.

The research is a laboratory experimental type using batch system for electrical process with direct current. The cell comprised of aluminum electrode as anode and stainless steel electrode as cathode. Thirty experiments and one hundred fifty sample lab tests were carried out in this research

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 20 2024
Journal Name
Frontiers In Microbiology
Removal of mobile genetic elements from the genome of Clostridioides difficile and the implications for the organism’s biology
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Clostridioides difficile is an emerging pathogen of One Health significance. Its highly variable genome contains mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as transposons and prophages that influence its biology. Systematic deletion of each genetic element is required to determine their precise role in C. difficile biology and contribution to the wider mobilome. Here, Tn5397 (21 kb) and ϕ027 (56 kb) were deleted from C. difficile 630 and R20291, respectively, using allele replacement facilitated by CRISPR-Cas9. The 630 Tn5397 deletant transferred PaLoc at the same frequency (1 × 10−7

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 07 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Effect of Using Computer in Getting and Remaining Information at Students of First Stage in Biology Subject
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Effect of Using Computer in Getting and Remaining Information at Students of First Stage in Biology Subject MIAAD NATHIM RASHEED LECTURER Abstract The recent research goal is to know the influence of computer use to earn and fulfillment information for students of first class in biology material and to achieve that put many of the zeroing hypothesis by researcher as follow: There were no differences between statistical signs at level (0,05) between the average students' marks who they were study by using computer and between the average student ' marks who they were study in classical method of earning and fulfillment. The researcher chose the intentional of the medical technical institute that included of two branches the first class (A

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 05 2022
Journal Name
Nano Hybrids And Composites
Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method at Different Conditions
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ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by hydrothermal method at different temperatures and growth times. The effect of increasing the temperature on structural and optical properties of ZnO were analyzed and discussed. The prepared ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis. absorption spectroscopy (UV–Vis.), Photoluminescence (PL), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this work, hexagonal crystal structure prepared ZnO nanostructures was observed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the average crystallite size equal 14.7 and 23.8 nm for samples synthesized at growth time 7 and 8 hours respectively. A nanotubes-shaped surface morphology was found using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optic

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 13 2023
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Structural and optical properties of iron oxide α-Fe2O3 nanowires prepared by hydrothermal method
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Publication Date
Tue Apr 05 2022
Journal Name
Nano Hybrids And Composites
Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method at Different Conditions
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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using a modified hydrothermal approach at different reaction temperatures and growth times. Moreover, a thorough morphological, structural and optical investigation was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultra-violate visible light spectroscopy (UV-Vis.), and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. Notably, SEM analysis revealed the occurrence of nanorods-shaped surface morphology with a wide range of length and diameter. Meanwhile, a hexagonal crystal structure of the ZnO nanoparticles was perceived using XRD analysis and crystallite size ranging from 14.7 to 23.8 nm at 7 and 8 ℎ𝑟𝑠., respectively. The prepared ZnO samples showed good abso

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The exact location and its relation to cognitive method (risk-caution) of University students
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The present study aimed to identify the exact location and its relation to cognitive
method (risk_caution) to university students. The sample consisted of (300) students who
were chosen randomly and equally. The study results indicated that students possess an
internal exact location and they also use risk cognitive method. The study also indicated that
there is a prophesies which is an exact location for others to reach to caution cognitive
method. Depending on these results, the study recommended to benefit from the results of the
study variables and from the measurement of the exact location and method of cognitive
(risk_caution) to identify male and female students and especially by consulting units at
college

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Structural and optical properties of CdS:Sn thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis method
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CdS and CdS:Sn thin films were successfully deposited on glass
substrates by spray pyrolysis method. The films were grown at
substrate temperatures 300 C°. The effects of Sn concentration on the
structural and optical properties were studied.
The XRD profiles showed that the films are polycrystalline with
hexagonal structure grown preferentially along the (002) axis. The
optical studies exhibit direct allowed transition. Energy band gap
vary from 3.2 to 2.7 eV.

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 16 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Research On The Lepidoptera
Description of New Iraqi Spider Ananeon Howardensis (Arachnida: Salticidae) and the Prey Capture Method
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 21 2017
Journal Name
Biomechanics And Modeling In Mechanobiology
A novel method for non-invasively detecting the severity and location of aortic aneurysms
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The influence of an aortic aneurysm on blood flow waveforms is well established, but how to exploit this link for diagnostic purposes still remains challenging. This work uses a combination of experimental and computational modelling to study how aneurysms of various size affect the waveforms. Experimental studies are carried out on fusiform-type aneurysm models, and a comparison of results with those from a one-dimensional fluid–structure interaction model shows close agreement. Further mathematical analysis of these results allows the definition of several indicators that characterize the impact of an aneurysm on waveforms. These indicators are then further studied in a computational model of a systemic blood flow network. This demonstr

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