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Gasoline, Ethanol and Methanol (GEM) Ternary Blends utilization as an Alternative to Conventional Iraqi Gasoline to Suppress Emitted Sulfur and Lead Components to Environment
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Iraqi conventional gasoline characterized by its low octane number not exceed 82 and high lead and sulfur content. In this paper tri-component or ternary, blends of gasoline, ethanol, and methanol presented as an alternative fuel for Iraqi conventional gasoline. The study conducted by using GEM blend that equals E85 blend in octane rating. The used GEM selected from Turner, 2010 collection. G37 E20 M43 (37% gasoline + 20% ethanol+ 43% methanol) was chosen as GEM in present study. This blend used in multi-cylinder Mercedes engine, and the engine performance, and emitted emissions compared with that produced by a gasoline engine.

The results show that this blend can formulate with available Iraqi produced materials. GEM ternary blend offers significant advantages in terms of engine performance compared to gasoline. Also, GEM higher useful compression ratio (HUCR) = 9.25 while gasoline HUCR=7.5. The increment in engine bp was 24.12%, BSFC reduced by 13.9% and brake thermal efficiency increased by 19.59%. The volumetric efficiency increased by 8.06%. Also, CO, HC concentrations were reduced by 30.5%, 25.16% respectively. Smoke opacity reduced by 46.49% and CO2 concentrations reduced by 5% as well as NOx concentrations that reduced by 1.75%.

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Publication Date
Mon May 02 2022
Journal Name
Lark Journal
Iraq Wars: From A literary text to Social Context
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This article investigates Iraq wars presentation in literature and media. The first section investigates the case of the returnees from the war and their experience, their trauma and final presentation of that experience. The article also investigates how trauma and fear is depicted to create an optimized image and state of fear that could in turn show Iraqi society as a traumatized society. Critics such as Suzie Grogan believes that the concept of trauma could expand to influence societies rather than one individual after exposure to trauma of being involved in wars and different major conflicts. This is reflected in Iraq as a country that was subjected to six comprehensive conflicts in its recent history, i.e. less than half a century; th

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 25 2017
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Physical Sciences
Evaluating a Chemical/Biological Laboratory to Promote Safety Measures
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The Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering at Baghdad University has lately renovated its own research laboratories to comply with international safety measures and conduct undergraduate and postgraduate research. In this regard, the department has harnessed some amenities within the college to establish these laboratories taking into accounts creating a convenient, safe, and developed working environment for both researchers and students. A precise procedure was followed to establish this laboratory which includes providing new bench tops which offer spacious working places for workers. These benches were supplied with power points, gas, water, and compressed air outlets. In addition,

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
New Correlation To Calculate Absolute Permeability From Gas Permeameter
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In this study, two correlations are developed to calculate absolute rocks permeability from core samples tested by Gas Permeameter Apparatus. The first correlation can be applied if K g≤100, the second correlation can be applied if Kg>100. Sixty core samples having different permeabilities to give a wide range of values that necessary to achieve a correlation.

 

The developed correlation is easily applied and a quick method to avoid repeating the test at different pressure values. Only one pressure test is required to reach absolu

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 20 2023
Journal Name
Journal For Research In Applied Sciences And Biotechnology
Article Review: Description Histology to Gastric Ulcer in Human
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A recurrent condition that affects up to 10% of people worldwide is gastric ulceration illness. The existence of gastric juice pH with the lowering of mucous defences is prerequisites for the development of chronic ulcers. The main variables affecting the mucosa susceptibility to damage include Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) including histamine-2 (H2) receptor inhibitors, two common therapies for peptic ulcers, have been linked to side impacts, recurrence or a variety of pharmacological combinations. Conversely, therapeutic herbs or the chemicals they contain may be used to cure or eliminate a wide range of illnesses. Therefore, prominent pharma

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-qadisiyah For Computer Science And Mathematics
Strongly (E,F)-convexity with applications to optimization problems
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In this paper, a new class of nonconvex sets and functions called strongly -convex sets and strongly -convex functions are introduced. This class is considered as a natural extension of strongly -convex sets and functions introduced in the literature. Some basic and differentiability properties related to strongly -convex functions are discussed. As an application to optimization problems, some optimality properties of constrained optimization problems are proved. In these optimization problems, either the objective function or the inequality constraints functions are strongly -convex. 

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Publication Date
Fri May 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Resistance to Moisture Damage of Recycled Asphalt Concrete Pavement
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Recycled asphalt concrete mixture are prepared, artificially aged and processed in the laboratory to maintain the homogeneity of recycled asphalt concrete mixture gradation, and bitumen content. The loose asphalt concrete mix was subjected to cycle of accelerated aging, (short –term aging) and the compacted mix was subjected to (long -term aging) as per Super-pave procedure. Twenty four Specimens were constructed at optimum asphalt content according to Marshall Method. Recycled mixture was prepared from aged asphalt concrete using recycling agent (soft asphalt cement blended with silica fumes) by (1.5%) weight of mixture as recycling agent content. The effect of recycling agent on aging after recycling process behavior

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The Importance of Spatial Indicators to Producing Development Plans
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  The indicators were important core for any work, and may be occurring this indicators way of communicating among planers and decision makers, even also for public participating, do make any decision. The urban and regional planning is one of those science highly depending on using indictors, for two  reasons, first, way to communicating ideas between specialist and non-specialist, (politician and decision makers), the second one, this field are multidisciplinary science, so the need indictors to clearing thoughts among different backgrounds in one team, as common language.

This research tries to clear importance of GIS in forming and building Spatial Planning Indicators, to cross communication problem among planning g

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Islam's position on freedom according to John Stuart Mill
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The issue of freedom is the most prominent and distinctive issue of Western thought, which it reached after a long struggle. The English thinker John Stuart Mill is considered the most prominent Western thinker who elaborated on the issue of freedom, until his ideas on the issue of freedom became the semi-final formula for issues of freedom in Western thought, which revolve in their entirety on The individual has complete freedom as long as it does not harm others, and this freedom is controlled by law.

And if the freedoms he offered were not considered an achievement in Western thought; Freedom in Islam is a central and fundamental issue, and the details of freedoms in Islam have not been accomplished by anyone, but rather came

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Publication Date
Fri May 20 2022
Journal Name
Eai Endorsed Transactions On Internet Of Things
APP innovation to Control Projects Risks Management during Crises
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The goal of this study is to build an application that can be used in difficult cases and sudden circumstances during the pandemic and post-disaster state, which can be the development of digital risk management and mitigating the difficult impact of the epidemic through the improvement of IT and IoT that can be fine by finding initial solutions and make the world like a digital city that could be managed by the network. We provide this study to gain an overview of reasons for delayed and exceeded costs in a select of thirty Iraqi case projects by controlling the time and cost. The drivers of delay have been investigated in multiple countries/contexts. however, there is little country data available under the conditions that have ch

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Towards a new global leadership to combat international terrorism
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In the early 1990s, as the beginning of the new unilateral leadership of global power by the United States, a new climate of rivalry emerged between revolutionary jihad and national jihad. Al-Qaeda has played on both sides to promote its agenda in support of global jihad. The veteran Afghan warriors returned to the Arab world after the play against the Soviet army "infidel" in Afghanistan after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and until the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1990. The Arab world is looking for roles to attract international forces seeking to implement specific projects that need a combat tool . Al-Qaeda has tried to exploit national conflicts and the emergence of sectarian political streams in the Middle Eas

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