The research deals with solar energy as one of the sources of renewable energies available in Iraq, which can be utilized. The research aims to identify the design pillars of the use of solar energy in street furniture and its relationship to formal variables. The research limits included street furniture manufactured by JCDecaux in Boston during the period 2015-2016, and included the theoretical framework which consists of two sections: solar energy (its beginnings and uses), and solar energy and its uses in Street furniture design.

As far as the research procedures and methodology are concerned, it adopted the descriptive approach in describing and analyzing the sample models in addition to describing and analyzing the sample i

     Increasing need for our youth to effective dialogue at the present time, due to the nature of the era in which live, as it abounded risk of intellectual and cultural invasion.Moreover, the need to ensure that the dialogue between the members of the community to confront the many issues of contemporary society in various fields, politically, socially and economically, culturally and religiouslyThe absence of effective dialogue, or the consequent rejection of many of the negative aspects of social and cultural Kaezzlh coup and inertia and ignore the mental capacity of some non-existent among others.The importance of effective dialogue in being the most important foundations of social life a

A solar updraft tower power plant (solar tower) is a solar thermal power plant that utilizes a combination of solar

air collector and central updraft tube to generate an induced convective flow which drives pressure staged turbines to generate electricity.

 This paper presents practical results of a prototype of a solar chimney with thermal mass, where the glass surface is replaced by transparence plastic cover. The study focused on chimney's basements kind effect on collected air temperatures. Three basements were used: concrete, black concrete and black pebbles basements. The study was conducted in Baghdad from August to November 2009.

The results show that the best chimney efficiency attaine

In this study, a different design of passive air Solar Chimney(SC)was tested by installing it in the south wall of insulated test room in Baghdad city. The SC was designed from vertical and inclined parts connected serially together, the vertical SC (first part) has a single pass and Thermal Energy Storage Box Collector (TESB (refined paraffin wax as Phase Change Material(PCM)-Copper Foam Matrix(CFM))), while the inclined SC was designed in single pass, double passes and double pass with TESB (semi refined paraffin wax with copper foam matrix) with selective working angle ((30^o, 45^o and 60^o). A computational model was employed and solved by Finite Volume Method (FVM) to simulate the air i

New designs of solar using ray tracing program, have been presented for improved the performance and the out put power of the silicon solar cell, as well as reducing the cost of system working by solar energy. Two dimensional solar concentrator (Fresnel lenses) and three dimensional concentrators (parabola dish and cassegrain) were used as concentrator for photovoltaic applications (CPV). The results show that the performance efficiency and out power for crystalline silicon solar cells are improved.

Abstract

The current research aims to clarify the role of local policies on the performance of the province of Baghdad, after studies proved practical experience what those policies of the major role and effect on the lives of citizens, as well as alleviate the burden on central government, which make a lot of states give local governments broad powers and her specialty funds for the exercise of its vital role and actor in various joints of local development, research has indentified a problem in a number of questions such as: do you have the policy of the provincial council of local qualified and able to influence the performance of the province? What are the main forces of powerful and implementation of policies at all

The n-type Au thin films of 500nm thickness was evaporated by thermal evaporation method on p-type silicon wafer of [111] direction to formed Au/Si heterojunction solar cell. The AC conductivity, C-V and I-V characteristics of fabricated c-Au/Si diffusion heterojunction-(HJ) solar cell, has been studied. The first methods demonstrated that the AC conductivity due to with diffusiontunneling mechanism, while the second show that, the heterojunction profile is abrupt, the heterojunction parameters have been played out, such as the depletion width, built-in voltage, and concentration. And finally the third one show that the c-Au/Si HJ has rectification properties, and the solar cell yielded an open circuit voltage of (Vic) 0.4V, short circuit c

The CIGS/CdS p-n junction thin films were fabricated and deposited at room temperature with rate of deposition 5, and 6 nm secG1 , on ITO glass substrates with 1mm thickness by thermal evaporation technique at high vacuum pressure 2×10G5 mbar, with area of 1 cm2 and Aluminum electrode as back contact. The thickness of absorber layer (CIGS) was 1 µm while the thickness of the window layer CdS film was 300 nm. The X-ray Diffraction results have shown that all thin films were polycrystalline with orientation of 112 and 211 for CIGS thin films and 111 for CdS films. The direct energy gaps for CIGS and CdS thin films were 1.85 and 2.4 eV, respectively. Atomic Force Microscopy measurement proves that both films CIGS and CdS films have nanostru