This paper studies the effects of stiffeners on shear lag in steel box girders with stiffened flanges. A three-dimensional linear finite element analysis using STAAD.Pro V8i program has been employed to evaluate and determine the actual top flange stress distribution and effective width in steel box girders. The steel plates of the flanges and webs have been modeled by four-node isoparametric shell elements, while the stiffeners have been modeled as beam elements. Different numbers (4, 8, and 15) for the steel stiffeners have been used in this study to establish their effects on the shear lag and longitudinal stresses in the flange. Using stiffeners reduced the magnitude of the top flange longitudinal stresses about 40%, but didn’t affect the shear lag.
tA novel synthesis procedure is presented for preparing triethanolamine-treated graphene nanoplatelets(TEA-GNPs) with different specific areas (SSAs). Using ultrasonication, the covalently functionalizedTEA-GNPs with different weight concentrations and SSAs were dispersed in distilled water to prepareTEA-GNPs nanofluids. A simple direct coupling of GNPs with TEA molecules is implemented to synthesizestable water-based nanofluids. The effectiveness of the functionalization procedure was validated by thecharacterization and morphology tests, i.e., FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, EDS, and TEM. Thermal conduc-tivity, dispersion stability, and rheological properties were investigated. Using UV–vis spectrometer, ahighest dispersion stability of 0.876
... Show MoreIn this study, the first kind Bessel function was used to solve Kepler equation for an elliptical orbiting satellite. It is a classical method that gives a direct solution for calculation of the eccentric anomaly. It was solved for one period from (M=0-360)° with an eccentricity of (e=0-1) and the number of terms from (N=1-10). Also, the error in the representation of the first kind Bessel function was calculated. The results indicated that for eccentricity of (0.1-0.4) and (N = 1-10), the values of eccentric anomaly gave a good result as compared with the exact solution. Besides, the obtained eccentric anomaly values were unaffected by increasing the number of terms (N = 6-10) for eccentricities (0.8 and 0.9). The Bessel
... Show MoreWe studied the effect of certain environmental conditions for removing heavy metal elements from contaminated aqueous solutions (Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr) using the bacterium Bacillus subtilis to appoint the optimal conditions for removal ,The best optimum temperature range for two isolate was 30-35○C while the hydrogen number for the maximum mineral removal range was 6-7. The best primary mineral removal was 100 mg/L, while the maximum removal for all minerals was obtained after 6 hrs of Cu element time and the maximum removal efficiency was obtained after 24 hrs of Cu element. The results have proved that the best aeration for maximum removal was obtained at rotation speed of 150 rpm/minute. Inoculums of 5ml/100ml which contained 1
... Show MoreCertainly there is a negative impact on development due to corruption in its corruption forms It is administrative and financial as well as direct impact on all sectors Including the health sector, which has seen in Iraq a marked setback in performance and services , The research aims at the possibility of demonstrating the negative effects of financial and administrative corruption on health institutions and Inability to meet health needs The extent to which Regulatory institutions and institutions manage to reduce financial and administrative corruption and ways of dealing with it The phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption is the most serious phenomenon because of its impact on economic growth, which in turn impedes the
... Show Moreالوصف Mixed ligand complexes of Cu (II), Co (II) and Zn (II) with 2-((4-(1-(4-chlorophenylimino) ethyl) phenylimino) methyl) phenol (L) and histidine (His) have been prepared and diagnosed by ¹H and13 C NMR, FT-IR and electronic spectral data, thermal gravimetric, molar conductance and metal analysis measurements. The ligand (L) shows a bidentate nature and the coordination occurs through N and O atoms of imine group and phenol group respectively whereas (His) behave as tridentate ligand, coordinating through the-NH2 group and carboxylate oxygen group and N atoms of imidazole ring. The analytical studies for three complexes have shown octahedral structure. The anticancer activity was screened against human cancer cell such Follicular
... Show MoreThis work involves synthesis and characterization of some new 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole or pyrazoline derivatives heterocyclic containing indole ring. The new 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives [IV] and [V] a, b were synthesized by cyclization reaction of 2-methyl-1H-indole-carbothiosemicarbazide [III] in H2SO4 acid or by reaction of indole-3-acetic acid or indole-3-butanoic acid with thiosemicarbazide in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride, respectively. Amide derivatives [VI]-[VIII] were synthesized by the reaction equimolar of 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazoles and (acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, anisoyl chloride and heptanoyl chloride) in DMF and pyridine as accepter. The new pyrazolone derivatives [XI] a, b were synthesized from heati
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