Design a Fault Tolerance for Real Time Distributed System

Ban M. Khammas

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Publication Date

Wed Feb 29 2012

Journal Name

Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal

Volume

8

Issue Number

1

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Design a Fault Tolerance for Real Time Distributed System

Soft real time

distributed system

fault tolerance

Ban M. Khammas

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This paper designed a fault tolerance for soft real time distributed system (FTRTDS). This system is designed to be independently on specific mechanisms and facilities of the underlying real time distributed system. It is designed to be distributed on all the computers in the distributed system and controlled by a central unit.

Besides gathering information about a target program spontaneously, it provides information about the target operating system and the target hardware in order to diagnose the fault before occurring, so it can handle the situation before it comes on. And it provides a distributed system with the reactive capability of reconfiguring and reinitializing after the occurrence of a failure.

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Publication Date

Fri Aug 01 2025

Journal Name

Microbial Pathogenesis

Antibacterial and therapeutic effects of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteriocin (VRSAcin) in the treatment of VRSA skin infection in mice

Vancomycin Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) is a strain of S. aureus that is considered the main cause of bacterial skin and soft tissue infections. It has acquired resistance to vancomycin and represents a therapeutic challenge. The current study aimed to compare the possible therapeutic effects of VRSA bacteriocin (VRSAcin) on the treatment of skin infection in mice with those of an antibiotic (linezolid). The results showed that of the fifty swabs obtained from human skin wounds. One isolate was selected for VRSAcin extraction depending on its antibiotic resistance using an antibiotic susceptibility test.An agar well diffusion test was used to determine bacteriocin’s antibacterial activity

as well as its a minimum inhibitory concentration

minimum bactericidal concentration

and antibiofilm efficiency against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that were resistant to many medicines. The freshly developed antibacterial substance VRSAcin shows promise. Bacteriocin from VRSA was extracted and studied the optimal conditions for the Production following Purification of bacteriocin by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by cation-exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of bacteriocin about (29 kDa) were determined by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The typical conditions for the production of VRSAcin include a pH of 7 and a temperature of 37 ◦C for 48 h. In mice

VRSA-contaminated wounds revealed severe tissue distraction and inflammation that extended to the hypodermis

while VRSA-treated skin showed mild changes and localized lesions to the epidermis and upper dermis. The skin of linezolid ointment-treated mice showed moderate to severe changes. In conclusion

VRSA strain infections in human burned skin were more common than expected. In vivo studies in mice indicated that wounded skin infected with VRSA can be treated with VRSAcin as an antibacterial agent that promotes healing processes with obvious superiority to linezolid ointment. As a result

the VRSA develops bacteriocins that are appropriate for regulating AMR

Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

and may be useful in wound dressings.

Ahmed Qassim

Mais Emad

Mohammad Y.

Ali A.

Serag Eldin I.

Mohammed

Ahmed M.

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