Objectives: To assess nurses-midwives' knowledge about pain management during labor before and after implementation of educational program and to determine the effectiveness of educational program on nurses-midwives' knowledge about pain management during labor in Baghdad Maternity Hospitals.

Methodology: A quasi-experimental design has been conducted during the period of (February 27^th 2019 through 2^nd June 2019) on non-probability sample (purposive) consists of (44 Nurses/midwives') who are work in delivery room, the sample was exposed to pretest, educational program, posttest. The study was conducted in three Directories, (Baghdad Teaching Hospital) at medical city health

          This Study is concerned with The Fast communications in the wars of arab moslims until the middle of fourth century . it pointed to many communications for that , Like using the fast horses , and carrier pigeon , Almanader (Almanawin) wich used to tell for long distances , and drums , trumpets…

     شهد العصر الذهبي للإسلام تحول أساسي في مجال الزراعة عرف باسم "الثورة الزراعية الإسلامية" أو" الثورة الخضراء"  أو "الثورة الزراعية العربية" ، وقد أتاح الوضع الاقتصادي العالمي الذي أسسه التجار المسلمون في جميع أنحاء العالم القديم ، نشر العديد من النباتات والتقنيات الزراعية بين أجزاء مختلفة من العالم ا

  In this paper, the concept of normalized duality mapping has introduced in real convex modular spaces. Then, some of its properties have shown which allow dealing with results related to the concept of uniformly smooth convex real modular spaces. For multivalued mappings defined on these spaces, the convergence of a two-step type iterative sequence to a fixed point is proved

The problem of this research is:

What are the sustainable development goals that received the priority in the press addressing of the newspapers under study?

What are the journalistic arts adopted by these newspapers in addressing the sustainable development goals?

What are the journalistic sources that Arab newspapers depended on when addressing the sustainable development goals?

What are the geographic range the Arab newspapers adopted in addressing the sustainable development goals? The research is categorized into descriptive research, adopting the survey method, and using the content analysis method.

The sample of research was determined by the preparation of the Arabic newspapers (Al-

ملاحظات اولية حول تنفيذ برنامج الخصخصة

Persuasion is a process studied by many scholars from the Greek time until the present. One persuasion strategy is metadiscourse, which refers to the writers' awareness of their text, the way they present themselves to the readers. The writers use metadiscourse markers to help the readers understand the real meaning of the text (Hyland 2005).  The paper carries out a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the employment of persuasive metadiscourse markers in two English trade agreements and two Arabic agreements has provided in terms of Hyland's (2005) model of interactive and interactional markers. The aim is to find out whether all types of metadiscourse markers are used or not, and also to see whether English or Arabic employs

With the increasing rates of cancer worldwide, a great deal of scientific discourse is devoted to arguments and statements about cancer and its causes. Scientists from different fields try to seize any available chance to warn people of the risk of consuming and exposing to carcinogens that have, unfortunately, become essential parts of modern life. The present paper attempts to investigate the proximization strategy through which scientists construct carcinogen risk to enhance people’s preventive actions against these carcinogens. The paper targets the construction which depends on producing the conflict between the values of the people themselves and the contrasting values assigned to carcinogens. To achieve this aim, Cap’s (2

AI-Shidyaq is considering one of the scholars' of Arab modern Renaissance. He
enjoyed a dusting nished status among the men of letters of his age. He added many things in
language and literature that made him, during the Arab modern Renaissance, a pioneer
researcher in the 1900s. He had established a state for literature that turnal him in to one of
the critics of his age, to the extent that he was called the Eagle of Lebanon (similar to the
Eagle of Quraish).
He was also called the Jahiz of his age, Voltaire of his generation and Khleel of the
1900s. He was also called Victor Hugo.
He was characterized by a character of smoothness in style, Clarity in meaning and
purpose, an ability to analyze, Describe and wr

This study aims at describing the identity crisis of Diaspora people (Arab -American) in "Laila Halaby's" novel "Once in A promise Land". Halaby tackles the issues of racism, exclusion, and instability of identity that affect the Arab American community after the terrorist event of eleventh of September. She sheds light on the experiences of her significant characters Salwa and Jassim in America, clarifying how this event weakened their social position and turns their presence in America questionable. "Halaby" describes the bitterness of her characters who are induced into a dream of belonging to a land that transcends their original culture and religious values as well as their language. "Halaby" explains the subsistence in America involvi