The dyes Azo have a lengthy history and are a vital part of our daily lives. There are numerous potentials uses for these substances and their derivatives in various industries and environmental and biological research. In this study conversion of various azo compounds into other derivatives, complexes, and polymers was accomplished. This review included examining the chemistry reactions, synthesis, and applications of azo dye ligands and their complexes, mentioned spectral, analytical, thermal, and morphology methods of investigation, and confirmed by mass fragment mechanisms for some azo dyes and metal complexes. One of the aims of this review is to explain the role of these azo dye derivatives and the effect of metal complexes on leather which exhibits high light fastness, wash fastness, and rubbing fastness. The interaction of DNA has also been achieved. New metal complexes (Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), and Zn (II) azo ligands derived from 4-amino antipyrine and 4-aminoacetophenone are reported. The nature of the compounds has been studied followed by methods of continuous contrast, Beer's law, and molar ratio. Analytical methods and spectra revealed the octahedral geometry of the complexes. The azo dye ligand and its metal (II) complexes possess appreciable microbial activities. Novel heterocyclic compounds and its complexes have been investigated. The relationship between the HOMO-LUMO gap and antibacterial activity was investigated computationally. Improved understanding of binding mechanisms was shown by the comparative molecular docking investigations. This review demonstrated the utilization of the polycrystalline Zn (II) metal complex as a sensitizer in organic dye-sensitized solar cells. Quinolinyl-azo-naphthol (HL) is a selective turn-on chemosensor for Al3+ in the presence of other ions, exhibiting a 750-fold rise in emission at 612 nm following activation at visible light (537 nm). The reported limit of detection (LOD) for the 3σ technique is 0.69 nM. During this review it was proven that the effective production of palladium nanoparticles with guar gum as a stabilizer and their use as a catalyst in reduction processes and azo dye degradation. The investigation describing and assessing thiazolyl azo ligand complexes with specific metal ions has been presented.( Zn (II), Cu (II), Co (II), and Ni (II) ) complexes with azo ligands generated from metoclopramide hydrochloride were examined for their industrial and biological applications in cotton fabric dyeing, as well as for light and cleaner firmness. Additionally, the evaluation of the ligand and their complexes' antimicrobial and antifungal capabilities revealed that the ZnL molecule had the strongest antibacterial activity. The application characteristics of thiophene-derived dispersion dyes complexed with Zn, Cu, and Co metal on (polyester and Nylon 6.6), showed good to excellent light fastness, good to excellent wash fastness, excellent fastness to perspiration and sublimation, and good levelness on both materials with varying shades of brown and violet. The azo benzoic acid ligand derived from 2,4-dimethylphenol and 4-aminobenzoic acid has been identified by several spectroscopic methods and has been used as dispersion dyes on cotton textiles to test the antibacterial properties of the chemicals generated against a range of bacteria and fungus. Each primed complex has been proposed to have a tetrahedral geometrical structure for the obtained datum. There have been reports on the use of azo dyes in combination with nickel and its uses in dye-sensitized solar cells. Ten complexes of metals including Zn (II), Cu (II), Cd (II), Ni (II), and Co (II) as well as Phloroglucinol and antipyrine were used to create two unique azo-colorants, which were isolated and examined using a variety of techniques, wool, polyamide, and poly acetate fibers exhibit coloristic activity toward H3L1 and H3L2 as well as their metal complexes, demonstrating their strong resistance to UV radiation. Both in static and dynamic settings, the H3L2 compound exhibited a good sorption activity towards heavy metal cations from aqueous solutions of trace concentrations. A particular combination of selected transition metal ions is complexed with the azo compound, which is obtained from the (2-hydroxy quinoline: synthesis, characterization, thermal analysis, and antioxidant activity). These compounds' reactive oxygen entity degradation was evaluated with the DPPH radical and subsequently compared to gallic acid, a standard naturally occurring antioxidant. Finally, this review explains the metal chelates of the azo dye derivative sulfafurazole through synthesis, structure confirmation, molecular docking simulation, antibacterial, anticancer, and application in bioinorganic chemistry.
The application of pultruded (GFRP) composite has become increasingly prominent in civil infrastructure projects. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of experimental and numerical studies conducted on the mechanical characteristics of (GFRP) composites across various temperature conditions, encompassing ambient and fire scenarios. The compilation comprises over 100 scholarly articles that examine the mechanical behavior of (GFRP) materials, specifically emphasizing their tensile and compressive strengths, showed the mechanical properties of (GFRP) materials are commonly compromised when exposed to high temperatures that approach or surpass the resin's glass transition temperature (Tg). In contrast, temperatures that are low
... Show MoreWith the increasing integration of computers and smartphones into our daily lives, in addition to the numerous benefits it offers over traditional paper-based methods of conducting affairs, it has become necessary to incorporate one of the most essential facilities into this integration; namely: colleges. The traditional approach for conducting affairs in colleges is mostly paper-based, which only increases time and workload and is relatively decentralized. This project provides educational and management services for the university environment, targeting the staff, the student body, and the lecturers, on two of the most used platforms: smartphones and reliable web applications by clo
Nanoparticles of Pb1-xCdxS within the composition of 0≤x≤1 were prepared from the reaction of aqueous solution of cadmium acetate, lead acetate, thiourea, and NaOH by chemical co-precipitation. The prepared samples were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy(in the range 300-1100nm) to study the optical properties, AFM and SEM to check the surface morphology(Roughness average and shape) and the particle size. XRD technique was used to determine the crystalline structure, XRD technique was used to determine the purity of the phase and the crystalline structure, The crystalline size average of the nanoparticles have been found to be 20.7, 15.48, 11.9, 11.8, and 13.65 nm for PbS, Pb0.75Cd0.25S,
... Show MoreThroughout Agriculture has mostly relied on the use of natural fertilizers throughout human history, which are compounds that increase the nitrogen levels in the soil. Modern agriculture was made possible by the introduction of synthetic fertilizers at the end of the 19th centuryproduction of agriculture. Their application enhanced crop yields and sparked an agricultural revolution unlike anything the world had ever seen.In the near future, synthetic fertilizers are anticipated to continue to have a significant impa ct on human life, both positively and negatively. They are frequently utilized for producing all t ypes of crops and are essential to plant growth. The significance of synthetic fertilizers is their ability to provide the soil w
... Show MoreIn the present work, poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) doped with Rhodamine 6G was prepared. The spectral properties (absorption and fluorescence) of the films were studied at different concentrations (1x10-5, 2x10-5, 5x10-5, 7x10-5, and 1x10-4mol/l). The investigated samples were made in the form of thin films. This was achieved by dissolving a certain weight of PMMA in a fixed volume of chloroform, composite films was with thickness (25.8μm) at room temperature. The achieved results were pointed out that absorption and fluorescence spectra have taken a wide spectral rang so when increased the concentratio
... Show MoreBackground: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disease that is characterized by severe synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion, bone loss, and generalized vasculopathy. Although the immunologic mechanism of RA is still unclear, it is now thought to be a primarily Th17-driven disease. Along with other factors, IL-23 stimulates the expansion of Th17 cells from naive CD4+ T cells.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-23 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine the correlation between plasma/serum IL-23 levels and disease activity. So, we performed a systematic review with meta-analysis comparing
... Show MoreBackground: Salivary tumors are uncommon, being of low incidence worldwide. This study aimed to assess cases collected in this series of salivary gland tumors in regard to histopathological typing, in relation to age, site and gender. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study; cases were collected from public and private laboratories. A total number of 171 cases were collected. The slides were reviewed and reclassified for histopathological typing according to WHO classification 2005. Results: Benign tumors were more common than malignant tumors. The most common histological type was benign mixed tumor, followed by Warthin’s tumor. The most common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma. One hundred twenty three cases ou
... Show MoreIn this review, numerous analytical methods to distinguish pigments in tattoo, paint, and ink items are discussed. The selection of a method was dependent upon the purpose, e.g., quantification or identification of pigments. The introductory part of this review focuses on describing the importance of setting up a pigment-associated safety profile. The formation of different degradation chemical substances as well as impurity trends can be indicated through the chemical investigation of pigments in tattoo products. It is noteworthy that pigment recognition in tattoo inks can work as a preliminary method to identify the pigments in a patient's tattoo before being removed by laser therapy. Contrary to the stud