The influence of different thickness (500,750, and 1000) nm on the structure properties electrical conductivity and hall effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium selenide CuInSe2 (CIS) the films were prepared by thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at RT from compound alloy. The XRD pattern show that the film have poly crystalline structure a, the grain size increasing with as a function the thickness. Electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1,Ea2), hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers increase films thickness. The electrical conductivity increase with thickness whereas the activation energy (Ea) decreased. Hall effect analysis results of CIS films show all films were of (p-type) and both hall mobility and the carries concentration increase with the films thickness, the samples are prepared and annealing with at (600)K.
Friction stir welding (FSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that is being welded does not melt. This process uses a nonconsumable tool to generate frictional heat in the abutting surfaces. The welding parameters such as tool rotational speed, welding speed, axial force, etc., and tool pin profile play a major role in deciding the weld quality. In this investigation an attempt
has been made to understand the effect of tool pin profile and rotation diameter on microstructure and mechanical properties in aluminum alloy (2218-T72). Five different tool pin profiles (straight cylindrical, threaded cylindrical, triangular, square, and threaded cylindrical with flat), with three different rotation
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Back ground: During acrylic resin processing, the mold must be separated from the surface of the gypsum to prevent liquid resin from penetrating into the gypsum, and water from the gypsum seeping into the acrylic resin. For many years, tin foil was the most acceptable separating medium, and because it's difficult to apply, a tin-foil substitute is used. In this study, olive oil is used as an alternative to tin foil separating medium for first time, so the aim of the study was to evaluate its effect as a separating medium on some physical properties such as (surface roughness, water sorption and solubility) of acrylic resins denture base comparing it with those processed using tin-foil and tin foil substitute such as (cold mold seal) separat
... Show MoreAbstract: Despite the distinct features of the continuous wave (CW) Terahertz (THz) emitter using photomixing technique, it suffers from the relatively low radiation output power. Therefore, one of effective ways to improve the photomixer emitter performance was using nanodimensions electrodes inside the optical active region of the device. Due to the nanodimension sizes and good electrical conductivity of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs), they have been exploited as THz emitter electrodes. The excited surface plasmon polariton waves (SPPs) on the surface of nanowire enhances the incident excitation signal. Therefore, the photomixer based Ag-NW compared to conventional one significantly exhibits higher THz output signal. In thi
... Show MoreThe effect of some environmental factors in the loss rate for high weights virgins are full to the screwworm fly of the ancient world and included temperatures 15,20,25,30,35,40 study showed that the rate of loss in weight virgins advanced to full participants at a temperature of 15 C while notgets evolution
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The research aims to reveal the relationship between the use of social networking sites and the image that females make about their physical formation, the nature of the effects, their value judgments about the image of their bodies, their attitudes toward plastic surgery, the most important types of these processes for them, their motivations to conduct them, and the cultural pressures they are exposed to. The study, moreover, investigates in the effects of those plastic surgery on their behavior as active and interacting users with what is published on social media, according to the theory of social comparison. This paper is an attempt to understand the pattern of social networking |
The aim of this work is to study the effect of mud compositions on it’s rheological behavior under high temperature conditions. Seventeen samples of five types of water base mud in which (fresh water bentonite mud. Lignosulphonate mud, gypsum mud, polymer mud, and salt saturated mud) were tested with different temperatures using the fann viscometer model 50-c. All the tested samples, except the fresh water bentonite mud, have the same trend reduction in both plastic viscosity and yield point with increasing temperature. Six rheological models has been adapted: Bingham plastic, power law, Casson model represent the laboratory data accurately
Each book has a specific style in which its author walks on it from its beginning to its end, and the Holy Qur’an is a book that compiled many methods that were indicative of its miracle, and that it is one unit even though it has been astrologer for twenty-three years.
There is no doubt that knowledge of the Qur’anic methods is one of the pillars of the approach that deals with any of the Qur’an, and the multiplicity of Qur’anic methods is a fact that has many causes. It has been expressed by the Qur’anic discharge and the conjugation of verses to bring them to different methods, and on multiple forms such as nominal, actual, singular Qur’an, presentation, delay, deletion, mention, abbreviation and redundancy. The Qur'ani
The aim of the present investigation was to develop a microsponge delivery system of acyclovir to control its release when applied topically thereby reducing dosing frequency and enhancement patient compliance. The microsponges were produced by the oil in oil emulsion solvent diffusion method. The effect of different formulation and process variables such as internal phase volume, polymer type, drug-polymer ratio, stirring speed and stirring duration on microsponge production yield, loading efficiency, particle size and in-vitro drug release was evaluated. The result showed that the microsponge F2 prepared from Eudrajet RS polymer had optimum physical properties regarding the loading efficiency of 99.71_+ 0.7% and product
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Experiments research is done to determine how saturated stiff clayey soil responds to a single impulsive load. Models made of saturated, stiff clay were investigated. To supply the single pulse energy, various falling weights from various heights were tested using the falling weight deflectometer (FWD). Dynamic effects can range from the major failure of a sensitive sensor or system to the apparent destruction of structures. This study examines the response of saturated stiff clay soil to a single impulsive load (vertical displacement at the soil surface below and beside the bearing plates). Such reactions consist of displacements, velocities, and accelerations caused by the impact occurring at the surface depth induced by the impact loads
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The ground state density distributions and electron scattering Coulomb form factors of Helium (4,6,8He) and Phosphorate (27,31P) isotopes are investigated in the framework of nuclear shell model. For stable (4He) and (31P) nuclei, the core and valence parts are studied through Harmonic-oscillator (HO) and Hulthen potentials. Correspondingly, for exotic (6,8He) and (27P) nuclei, the HO potential is applied to the core parts only, while the Hulthen potential is applied to valence parts. The parameters for HO and Hulthen are chosen to reproduce the available experimental size radii for all nuclei under study. Finally, the CO component of electron scattering charge form factors are also investigated. Unfortunately, there is no
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