Dyes are extensively water-soluble and toxic chemicals. The disposing of wastewater rich with such chemicals has severely impacted surface water quality (rivers and lakes). In the current study, an anionic dye, methyl orange, were extracted from wastewater fluids using bulk liquid membranes supplemented with an anionic carrier (Aliquat 336 (QCI)). Parameters including solvent type (carbon tetrachloride and chloroform), membrane stirring speed (100-250 rpm), mixing speed of both phases (50-100 rpm), The feed pH (2-12) and implemented temperature (35-60 °C) were thoroughly analyzed to determine the effect of such variables on extraction effectiveness. Furthermore, the effect of methyl orange (10-50 ppm) in the feed stage and NaOH (0.15-0.5 M) in the stripping stage concentrations were examined. It was found that high extraction efficiency (optimum operating conditions) for methyl orange of approximately 93% was reached through the membrane of a bulk liquid at 40 ppm initial concentration of feed; stirring speed of feed and stripping phases 75 rpm; stirring speed of membrane phase 200 rpm; 0.25 M NaOH concentration; carrier concentration 1wt%; feed pH of methyl orange 6.7, and 35˚C. Methyl orange kinetics were examined under the kinetic model of two irreversible first-order reactions under the best possible scenarios. The values of activation energy of J.mol−1 were 669.4 and 1930.5 for the extraction and stripping procedures. These values demonstrate that diffusion and not a chemical reaction dominates the transport process.
An investigation was conducted effect of addition co- solvent on solvent extraction process for two types of a lubricating oil fraction (spindle) and (SAE-30) obtained from vacuum distillation unit of lube oil plant of Daura Refinery. In this study two types of co-solvents ( formamide and N-methyl, 2, pyrrolidone) were blended with furfural to extract aromatic hydrocarbons which are the undesirable materials in raw lubricating oil, in order to improve the viscosity index, viscosity and yield of produced lubricating oil. The studied operating condition are extraction temperature range from 70 to 110 °C for formamide and 80 to 120 °C for N-methyl, 2, pyrrolidone, solvent to oil ratio range from 1:1 to 2:1 (wt./wt.) for furfural with form
... Show MoreBackground: Globally, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women in Iraq. Several genetic and environmental factors are associated..
This research includes a detaile description of new species Rhyncomya irakensis sp. nov.
from Iraq.
Localities distribution, host plants and data of collection were recorded.
This research aims to design a high-speed laser diode driver and photodetector, the result is the
design of the high-speed laser diode driver with a short pulse of 10 ns at 30 KHz frequency and the
delivered maximum pulse voltage is 5.5 mV. Also, its optical output power of the laser diode driver is
about 2.529 mW for the centroied wavelength 1546.7 nm with FWHM of 286 pm and (1270-1610) nm.
The design of the circuit based on bipolar transistor where the input pulse signal is simply generated by
an arduino kit with 15 kHz frequency and then compensated to trigger to small signal amplifier which
was is simply NPN C3355 transistor and the output is a current driver to the laser diode. OptiSystem
software and Electronic
There are numerous ways to define the traits of influential professors, including behavior (such as warmth, civility, and clarity), knowledge (of subject matter and students), and beliefs, among many others. According to research; influential teaching can also defined as the capacity to improve student achievement. This; is only one way to express effectiveness, as stated. However; the preferred definition of high-quality teaching in the United States and many other countries is teacher effects on student achievement. Therefore; this study aimed to determine the characteristics of influential professors in Online Teaching at the English department. This study; believed to be significant for college professors who will show them how
... Show MoreBiosorption of cadmium ions from simulated wastewater using rice husk was studied with initial concentration of 25 mg/l. Equilibrium isotherm was studied using Langmuir, Freundlich, BET and Timken models. The results show that the Freundlich isotherm is the best fit model to describe this process with high determination coefficient equals to 0.983. There was a good compliance between the experimental and theoretical results. Highest removal efficiency 97% was obtained at 2.5g of adsorbent, pH 6 and contact time 100 min.

