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Pain and Satisfaction among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Effects of Coughing, ShotBlocker and Vibration during Insulin Injection: A Randomised Controlled Trial
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Background:

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that commonly leads to progressive and incapacitating of patients’ condition over the past 20 years.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the coughing technique, ShotBlockerTo evaluate the effects of the coughing technique, ShotBlocker and vibration device on pain intensity and patient satisfaction during subcutaneous (SC) insulin injections in hospitalised adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Subjects and Methods:

The study was conducted at the Imam Al-Hassan Al Mujtaba Teaching Hospital, Al-Imam Al-Hasan Teaching Hospital, Al-Hindia Teaching Hospital, and Imam Al-Hussein Medical City in Holy Karbala. A simple random sampling of adults with T2DM was assigned in the current study from the previously mentioned setting. One hundred and forty patients were classified into 4 groups, 35 patients in the ShotBlocker group, 36 patients in the Vibration group 38 patients in the coughing group and 31 patients in the control group.

Results:

There were statistically significant differences in pain scores among the study groups (P = 0.000). The vibration group had significantly lower pain scores (P = 0.000). Similarly, the ShotBlocker group demonstrated significantly lower pain scores (P = 0.000), and the coughing group also exhibited significantly lower pain scores (P = 0.000) compared to the control group. Regarding satisfaction scores, there were statistically significant differences among the groups (P = 0.000). The vibration group had significantly higher satisfaction scores (P = 0.000). Similarly, the ShotBlocker group showed significantly higher satisfaction scores (P = 0.000), and the coughing group had significantly higher satisfaction scores (P = 0.004) compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

The coughing technique, ShotBlocker and vibration device are effective, non-invasive methods for reducing pain and enhancing patient satisfaction during SC insulin injections in adults with T2DM.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of University Of Anbar For Pure Science
SARS-CoV-2 history, diagnosis, genetic diversity and treatment: a comprehensive review
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 24 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Research In Medical And Dental Science
Efficacy of Oregano Essential Oil Mouthwash in Reducing Oral Halitosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
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Efficacy of Oregano Essential Oil Mouthwash in Reducing Oral Halitosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial, Mohamed Saeed M Ali, Ayser Najah Mohammed*

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Quantitative Analysis of Isometric Ankle Torque and Muscle Activity during Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion
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  Foot and ankle movements are essential in various activities like walking, running, and balance, where the mechanics of these movements are affected by the muscles around the ankle joint [1,2]. In this study, the correlations between isometric ankle torque and muscle activity of the tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius (GAS) in the course of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion was investigated. Eight healthy participants were enrolled for the study, where the ankle torque and surface Electromyography (sEMG) of the main flexors were measured and analyzed. The results showed that ankle torque is higher in plantarflexion than dorsiflexion. In addition, the TA has greater muscle activity during dorsiflexion, while the GAS presents higher ac

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 11 2021
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell. Arch
Diagnostic study of candidiasis in the mouth, urine and vagina of diabetic and healthy people
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A study that collected 240 samples and divided into two groups: the first 120 samples were for diabetics and the second 120 samples were for healthy people, and each group included (90, 20.10) samples from the mouth, urine and vagina respectively, The results showed positive (28.67, 4.00, 1.67) isolates of Candida. In the mouth, urine and vagina, respectively, of diabetic patients compared to (9.33, 2.33, 5.00) positive isolates in the mouth, urine and vagina, respectively, in the healthy. The rate of positive isolates in women was high in women with diabetes and healthy, and it reached 25.33 and 9.00 isolates, respectively, compared with the rate of isolates in men with Candida disease for diabetic patients and healthy people 14.67 and 2.0

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Combination of Noninvasive Tests and Fibroscan for the Assessment of Liver Fibrosis among Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Background: Most prevalent chronic liver disease in developed and developing nations is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. From fatty liver, which often has benign, non-progressive clinical history, to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a more serious variant of fatty liver that can lead to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease encompasses broad spectrum of diseases. The gold standard for determining extent of hepatic fibrosis is still liver biopsy; however, number of noninvasive tests have been established to make diagnosis and assess effectiveness of treatment.

Objective: Aim of study was to assess effectiveness of the combination of fibroscan and

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 19 2025
Journal Name
Al-rafidain Journal Of Medical Sciences ( Issn 2789-3219 )
Impact of Pharmacist-Led Intervention on Adherence, Quality of Life, and Self-efficacy Among Iraqi Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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Background: The prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is rising in Iraq. Adherence to medications among SLE patients remains a significant problem, and nonadherence can lead to decreased quality of life (QoL) and poor disease outcomes. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of pharmacist interventions in enhancing medication adherence, QoL, and self-efficacy among SLE patients. In addition, to assess the influence of pharmacist intervention on the uptake and willingness to take the flu vaccine among patients with SLE. Methods: A pharmacist intervention study was conducted at the Rheumatology Unit in Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Participants obtained educational counseling and a self-assembled booklet. Each patient p

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2026
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A Novel Strategy to Promote Equity and Access in Interventional Cardiology: Early Insights From the 2024-2025 ACC Clinical Trial Research Cohort
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Tue Oct 04 2022
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The Impact of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) on Bone Remodeling Marker Osteoprotegerin (OPG) in Post-COVID-19 Iraqi Patients
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
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Plasma levels and diagnostic utility of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the diagnosis of Iraqi women with breast tumor: A comparative study with Ca 15-3
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Fri Jan 01 2021
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Plasma levels and diagnostic utility of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the diagnosis of Iraqi women with breast tumor: A comparative study with Ca 15-3
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