Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) is gaining significant attention due to its applications in smart health offering cost-effective, efficient, ubiquitous, and unobtrusive telemedicine. WBASNs face challenges including interference, Quality of Service, transmit power, and resource constraints. Recognizing these challenges, this paper presents an energy and Quality of Service-aware routing algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on each node's Collaboratively Evaluated Value (CEV) to select the most suitable cluster head (CH). The Collaborative Value (CV) is derived from three factors, the node's residual energy, the distance vector between nodes and personal device, and the sensor's density in each CH. The CEV algorithm operates in the following manner: CHs are dynamically selected in each transmission round based on the nodes' CVs. The algorithm considered the patient's condition classification to guarantee safety and attain a response speed appropriate for their current state. So, data is categorized into Very-Critical, Critical, and Normal data classes using the supervised learning vector quantization (LVQ) classifier. Very Critical data is sent to the emergency center to dispatch an ambulance, Critical data is transmitted to a doctor, and Normal data is sent to a data center. This methodology promotes efficient and reliable intra-network communication, ensuring prompt and precise data transmission, and reducing frequent recharging. Comparative analyses reveal that the proposed algorithm outperforms ERRS (Energy-Efficient and Reliable Routing Scheme) and LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) regarding network longevity by 27% and 33%, augmenting network stability by 12% and 45% over the aforementioned protocols, respectively. The performance was conducted in OMNeT++ simulator
The present work reports an approach of hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods, which simplifies the production of low cost films with controlled morphology for H2S gas sensor application. The prepared ZnO nanorods exhibit a hexagonal wurtzite phase analyzed by the X-ray diffraction analysis. The FTIR spectra provide information that the band located between 465-570 cm-1 corresponds to the stretching bond of Zn-O, which confirms the creation of ZnO. PL spectroscopic studies showed that the doping of Ag NPs and f-MWCNT in the ZnO matrix leads to the tuning of the bandgap. The SEM analysis showed the morphology of ZnO was the nanorods. The nanocomposites Ag/ZnO and F-MWCNT/ZnO which prepared, sep
... Show MoreAs an important resource, entanglement light source has been used in developing quantum information technologies, such as quantum key distribution(QKD). There are few experiments implementing entanglement-based deterministic QKD protocols since the security of existing protocols may be compromised in lossy channels. In this work, we report on a loss-tolerant deterministic QKD experiment which follows a modified “Ping-Pong”(PP) protocol. The experiment results demonstrate for the first time that a secure deterministic QKD session can be fulfilled in a channel with an optical loss of 9 dB, based on a telecom-band entangled photon source. This exhibits a conceivable prospect of ultilizing entanglement light source in real-life fiber-based
... Show MoreThis study numerically intends to evaluate the effects of arc-shaped fins on the melting capability of a triplex-tube confinement system filled with phase-change materials (PCMs). In contrast to situations with no fins, where PCM exhibits relatively poor heat response, in this study, the thermal performance is modified using novel arc-shaped fins with various circular angles and orientations compared with traditional rectangular fins. Several inline and staggered layouts are also assessed to maximize the fin’s efficacy. The effect of the nearby natural convection is further investigated by adding a fin to the bottom of the heat-storage domain. Additionally, the Reynolds number and temperature of the heat-transfer fluid (HTF) are e
... Show MoreSummary This research, entitled (Distinguishing Voice Features of Qalqales Voices and their Expressive Values in the Holy Quran), aims to shed light on five of the voices that are characterized by strength and intensity, whose pronunciation requires loud vocal tone, great effort and semantic dimensions.The research consists of two topics .in the first topic. We talked about the voices of Alqalqal , their definition, their degrees, their ranks, and the opinions of scholars about them.
In the second topic, titled Expressive Values for Weak Voices in the Holy Qur’an, we talked about the relationship between sound and meaning, and we clarified in it the expressive values of Qalqa
... Show MoreTechnique was used to retail for analyzing atom beryllium ion cathode of an atom lithium to six pairs of functions wave which two ?????? and the rest of the casing moderation and to analyze atom lithium ion Mob atom beryllium to three pairs of functions wave pair of casing and the rest of the casing moderation using function wave Hartree Fock and each casing email wascalculate expected values ??....
Recommender Systems are tools to understand the huge amount of data available in the internet world. Collaborative filtering (CF) is one of the most knowledge discovery methods used positively in recommendation system. Memory collaborative filtering emphasizes on using facts about present users to predict new things for the target user. Similarity measures are the core operations in collaborative filtering and the prediction accuracy is mostly dependent on similarity calculations. In this study, a combination of weighted parameters and traditional similarity measures are conducted to calculate relationship among users over Movie Lens data set rating matrix. The advantages and disadvantages of each measure are spotted. From the study, a n
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