This study presents a transient thermo-mechanical finite element framework for high-speed end milling of AISI 4340 steel. The model couples moving heat sources, rate- and temperature-dependent plasticity, and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) triggered by temperature gradient, plastic strain rate, and contact pressure. It is integrated with a design of experiments/response surface methodology using cutting speed (VC), feed per tooth (fZ), radial depth of cut/width of cut (ae), axial depth of cut (ap), and coolant mode. Responses include peak interface temperature per tooth (Tpeak), predicted surface residual stress (?_xx^"surf" ), and depth of compressive residual stress layer (dcomp). Experiments provide X-ray diffraction-based surfac

In this research study the effect of irradiation by (CW) CO2 laser on some optical properties of (Cds) doping by Ni thin films of (1)µm thickness has been prepared by heat evaporation method. (X-Ray) diffraction technique showed the prepared films before and after irradiation are ploy crystalline hexagonal structure, optical properties were include recording of absorbance spectra for prepared films in the range of (400-1000) nm wave lengths, the absorption coefficient and the energy gap were calculated before and after irradiation, finally the irradiation affected (CdS) thin films by changing its color from the Transparent yellow to dark rough yellow and decrease the value absorption coefficient also increase the value of energy gap.

This study has been carried out in the animal field of the college of agricultural engineering sciences, university of Baghdad, for the period from 12/15/2021 to 1/26 /2022 for 42 d, to investigate the effect of adding different levels of ellagic acid to the diet of broilers, on some physiological characteristics &  oxidation indicators in meat compared to vitamin C in meat,  225 Ross 308 chicks were used, divided randomly to five treatments such us: T1: control group without additives to diet, &  the other T2, T3, T4 was added  ellagic  acid (

Background: Cerium oxide and chitosan (Ce/CS) nanoparticles have garnered significant interest due to their remarkable properties, including antioxidant activity, biocompatibility, antibacterial effectiveness and antiinflammatory activities. This study evaluates the impact of incorporating a Ce/CS nanocomposite into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin on its mechanical properties. The composite consisted of 30% cerium oxide and 70% chitosan by weight (wt), with varying percentages incorporated into the PMMA resin selected according to a pilot study. Material and Methods: Ninety PMMA specimens were fabricated and categorized into three groups according to the Ce/CS nanocomposite percentage in the PMMA resin: control (0 wt%), group A

In this work, varying compositions of SiO₂ micro filler were added
with the Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and samples have been prepared
using film casting technique. The results have been analyzed and
compared for PVC samples with (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt% and 10 wt%)
SiO2 micro filler. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength,
elongation at break and Young`s modulus were measured for all the
samples, where the tensile strength was increased from 8.39 Mpa for
purified PVC to 16 Mpa for 3% SiO₂/PVC composite. Also, thermal
conductivity measurement values illustrated that composite materials
have a good thermal insulation at 10 wt. %, thermal conductivity was
decreased from 0.1684 W/m.

Background: Poly (methylmethacrylate) is the most widely used material in denture fabrication. The characteristics of acrylic resin which support microorganism development can threaten the oral health of denture users. This study was assigned to prepareand incorporate Ag-Zn zeolite powder into heat cured denture base material as antimicrobial material and to investigate its effect on some properties of heat cured acrylic denture base materials. Materials and methods: Sliver –zinc zeolite was prepared by ion exchange method and characterized then incorporated into poly (methylmethacrylate) powder in0.5% by weight. Specimens were constructed and divided into 6 groups according to the using tests; each group was subdivided into 2 groups

Superconducting thin films of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu2.2Zn0.8O10 system were prepared by depositing the film onto silicon (111) substrate by pulsed laser deposition. Annealing treatment and superconducting properties were investigated by XRD and four probe resistivity measurement. The analysis reveals the evolution of the minor phase of the films 2212 phase to 2223 phase, when the film was annealed at 820 °C. Also the films have superconducting behavior with transition temperature ≥90K.

Ti6Al4V thin film was prepared on glass substrate by RF
sputtering method. The effect of RF power on the optical properties
of the thin films has been investigated using UV-visible
Spectrophotometer. It's found that the absorbance and the extinction
coefficient (k) for deposited thin films increase with increasing
applied power, while another parameters such as dielectric constant
and refractive index decrease with increasing RF power.

Thin films of Mn2O3 doped with Cu have been fabricated using the simplest and cheapest chemical spray pyrolysis technique onto a glass substrate heated up to 250 oC. Transmittance and absorptance spectra were studied in the wavelength range (300 -1100) nm. The average transmittance at low energy was about 60% and decrease with Cu doping, Optical constants like refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants (εr), (εi) are calculated and correlated with doping process.