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Sub-National Governments’ Interactions in International Affairs: An Arab Perspective on Paradiplomacy
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In the last years of the twentieth century, scholars solidly focused on paradiplomacy as a study subject, linking it to federalism and decentralised systems. In the Arab world, which has 22 countries, a few states have adopted federalism or decentralisation. Only five countries, i.e., 22.7%, have adopted federalism and decentralised experience. Therefore, limited research and academic work has been conducted regarding paradiplomacy. This paper aims to research the relationship between federalism and paradiplomacy conceptually and practically and then analyse the Arab experiences in federalism and whether they applied paradiplomacy and succeeded in doing so. To explore that, the paper studies and compares the related articles of constitutions of these five countries, which revealed a noticeable differentiation in terms of competencies granted to sub-state actors in these countries. The paper suggests and encourages doing more in-depth research on this issue to clarify why federalism and then paradiplomacy succeeded in some countries and failed in others.

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The reality of job engagement for the employees of Iraqi Residency Affairs Directorate
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     The aim of  this paper  is to determine the role of job engagement in the Iraqi Residency Affairs Directorate and its impact on employees, as the job engagement variable based on the Rich’s model included dimensions of cognitive engagement, emotional engagement and physical engagement. This variable has been studied in the Directorate of Residence Affairs which are one of the specialized directorates in the Iraqi Ministry of Interior.   This study  relied on a questionnaire as a main tool for measuring and collecting data based on the random sampling method . The sample size included 206 individuals among 400 individuals. However,  the respondents were 190 whereas the final

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Catalysis Science & Technology
Mechanisms governing selective hydrogenation of acetylene over γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N surfaces
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We demonstrate that the selective hydrogenation of acetylene depends on energy profile of the partial and full hydrogenation routes and the thermodynamic stability of adsorbed C2H2 in comparison to C2H4.

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 06 2017
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
CdS/PMMA-based inorganic/organic heterojunction for H<sub>2</sub>S gas sensing
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The performance of H2S sensor based on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)-CdS nanocomposite fabricated by spray pyrolysis technique has been reported. XRD pattern diffraction peaks of nano CdS has been indexed to the hexagonally wurtzite structured The nanocomposite exhibits semiconducting behavior with optical energy gap of4.06eV.SEM morphology appears almost tubes like with CdS/PMMA network. That means the addition of CdS to polymer increases the roughness in the film and provides high surface to volume ratio, which helps gas molecule to adsorb on these tubes. The resistance of PMMA-CdS nanocomposite showed a considerable change when exposed to H2S gas. Fast response time to detect H2S gas was achieved by using PMMA-CdS thin film sensor. The

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Theoretical Estimation of Electronic Flow Rate at Al-TiO<sub>2</sub> Interfaces System
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Abstract<p>The mechanism of the electronic flow rate at Al-TiO<sub>2</sub> interfaces system has been studied using the postulate of electronic quantum theory. The different structural of two materials lead to suggestion the continuum energy level for Al metal and TiO<sub>2</sub> semiconductor. The electronic flow rate at the Al-TiO2 complex has affected by transition energy, coupling strength and contact at the interface of two materials. The flow charge rate at Al-TiO2 is increased by increasing coupling strength and decreasing transition energy.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Activating the Role of Fidelity Gruantee Insurance Policy to Ensure the Rights of the Beneficiaries: An Applied Research in National Insurance Company
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This research set to indicate the role of the opportunity cost in the overall economic development (human and social development) by selecting the most appropriate alternative for the growth of the country in exchange for sacrificing profit limits to achieve this growth and development of the country, especially in the present circumstances of the country and after studying the reality of the economic case for him, as the problem lies with don't selecting the best alternative that enhances the gross domestic product, which extends to promote overall economic development and revive the industrial and agricultural sectors, productivity is more like Impotent, versus sacrifice alternative consumption may bring more financially lucrative than

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of International Women’s Studies
Feminist Theorizing in the International Relations Discipline
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The discipline of International Relations has been a science for almost a century and has undergone considerable development and dynamism as a field of knowledge. In the aftermath of the First World War, traditional idealistic trends prevailed. Still, after the end of the Second World War, the theory of realism dominated the analysis of international relations, international politics, and its laws and mechanisms. With the inter-paradigm debate of the 1980s, a broad spectrum of theories of international relations emerged, the most significant of which are critical theories including feminism. Feminist theory has since become central to the debates about global phenomena among those who work in International Relations as a field. The paper at

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Scopus
Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Insurance Awareness in marketing Insurance Services: An Explorative Research views of a Sample of Employees in the National Company for Insurance
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This research aims at shedding light on the concept of insurance awareness and clarifying its role on marketing insurance services of a sample of (100) employees in the National Company for Insurance. Questionnaire is used as a main instrument for collecting data and information from the sample. Their answers were analyzed by using arithmetic means, standard deviation, centesimal weight, and the correlation coefficient ( , F, t) tests .The research reached several conclusions of which:1.The sample member's response to insurance awareness and marketing insurance services factors was in the medium level.2.There was a positive relationship of a moral sign between insurance awareness and marketing insurance services, that correlation coeffic

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 30 2023
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The indexing of the Al-Kindy College Medical Journal in the Scopus Database Journals: A Fundamental Step toward an International Recognition
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On Saturday, May 13, 2023, a glorious day was engraved in the history of Al-Kindy College Medical Journal as it is the day of indexing the journal in the Scopus Database Journals. The journal has paced a strenuous journey to make that achievement.

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 05 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The role and effectiveness of the United Nations Security Council in light of the competition of international powers: an analytical study
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Abstract As the United Nations approaches its 70th anniversary, the world is going through the most severe accumulation of serious international security failures in recent memory, challenging the UN Security Council’s ability to address them effectively. Over the past four years, crises in Libya, Syria and Ukraine have precipitated a worrisome erosion of great power relations that has complicated Security Council decision making on a number of trouble spots. Its inability to devise consensus responses to the escalating civil war in Syria has been particularly troubling, resulting in the regional spill over into Iraq and the emergence of Islamic State as a new threat to peace in the region and beyond. Meanwhile, the UN’s often under

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Integration of international issues in Saudi social studies and citizenship books in the light of international education principles
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The study aimed to reveal the level to which the international issues are integrated into the books of Saudi public education social studies and citizenship in the light of the principles of international education, and to know the level of continuity and integration of these issues in the books, to build a range and sequence matrix of international issues through it. The study followed the descriptive and analytical method that used the content analysis card as a tool for study when the tool achieved the necessary validity and reliability characteristics. The data of this study has been processed using the SPSS statistical program according to a set of appropriate methods of descriptive and inferential statistics.

 The resu

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