The growing demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives in road construction has led to the exploration of bio-based materials for bitumen modification. This study investigates the use of sugarcane molasses (SM) as a partial replacement of bitumen, evaluating its performance through an interlaboratory study conducted in India and Iraq. Bio-bitumen binders were prepared by partially replacing 30% of conventional bitumen with sugarcane molasses, and their chemical and thermal behaviour was studied. Additionally, laboratory tests were conducted on bio-bitumen mixtures, evaluating rutting resistance, cracking resistance, moisture susceptibility, and stiffness characteristics. A mechanistic-empirical pavement analysis using

This research sheds light on one of the important and vital topics for the banking sectors (technical requirements for the application of economic intelligence) namely by (Hardware, equipment, communication networks, software, databases). And the dimensions of the strategic success of the banks represented by(Customer satisfaction, customer trust, quality of service, growth) In the three Iraqi private banks, namely(Assyria International Investment, Mansour Investment, International Development Investment and Finance). Its implementation is an urgent necessity in order to improve the quality of its banking services to win the satisfaction of its customers and their confidence and then grow to achieve stra

Abstract

       The grey system model GM(1,1) is the model of the prediction of the time series and the basis of the grey theory. This research presents the methods for estimating parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the accumulative method (ACC), the exponential method (EXP), modified exponential method (Mod EXP) and the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO). These methods were compared based on the Mean square error (MSE) and the Mean Absolute percentage error (MAPE) as a basis comparator and the simulation method was adopted for the best of the four methods, The best method was obtained and then applied to real data. This data represents the consumption rate of two types of oils a he

Health and safety problem can be described by statistics it can only be understood by knowing and feeling the pain, suffering, and depression. Health and safety has a legal responsibility to protect it for everyone who can affect in the workplace. This includes manufacturers, suppliers, designers and controllers of work places and employees. Work injury is one of the major problems in manufacturing and production systems industries; it is reduced production efficiency and affects the cost. To gain flexibility from a traditional manufacturing system and production efficiency, this paper is about the application of estimating technology to preview and synthesis of Lost Time of Work Injuries in industry systems aims to provide a safe workin

The concept of TQM is based on one of the concepts that combine administrative and innovative methods. The aim of the research is to demonstrate the dimensions of TQM in enhancing the satisfaction of the taxpayers through a survey of a sample of officials in the General Authority for Taxation and 50 officials. In the collection of data and information, and the results were analyzed using the SPSS program to find the most important compounds and factors in he method of analysis.

The research problem was represented by the non-application of the General Authority for Taxation to the entrances and modern practices in the administrative work. The results of some of the complications that accompany the tax accounting process, which af

Neurogenic inflammation is pivotal in dental pulp repair, involving complex interactions between sensory nerves, immune cells, and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). This review aimed to identify the favorable pathways of neurogenic inflammation and neurogenic differentiation of DPSCs in the pulpal healing process. Also, to identify the techniques used to evaluate these inflammatory and differentiation processes. Both PubMed and Google Scholar databases were employed in the search strategy using keyword combinations based on MeSH terms. The search was performed for published articles in English from January 2014 to November 2024, including studies with histological and molecular findings. 29 articles only met the inclusion criteria. Neurogenic

Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are a diverse group of hereditary abnormalities that leads to a defect in metabolic pathway. Its diagnosis has been transformed by the innovations of molecular genetics and computational biology. Conventionally, diagnosis of IMDs is dependent on clinical findings and biochemical tests. Yet, these methods are limited due to a heterogeneity of such disorders and a large number of genes involved. The main objective of this review is to highlight the role of next-generation sequencing (NGS), including targeted gene panels, whole-exome sequencing (WES), and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), in the diagnosis of IMDs and providing reliable information in identifying genetic causes, and to explore the integrated an

The literature shows conflicting outcomes, making it difficult to determine how e-learning affects the performance of students in higher education. The effect of e-learning was studied and data has been gathered with the utilization of a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods, especially in relation to students' academic achievements and perceptions in higher education, according to literature review that has been drawn from articles published in the past two decades (2000-2020). The development of a sense of community in the on-line environment has been identified to be one of the main difficulties in e-learning education across this whole review. In order to create an efficient online learning community, it could be claim