This paper reports the synthesis and use of a novel metal-organic framework (MOF), named Zr-BADS, within the thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for reverse osmosis (RO) applications. Two types of zirconium-based MOFs, Zr-BADS-1 and Zr-BADS-2, were synthesized via a solvothermal method using bicinchoninic acid disodium salt as a linker and either dimethylformamide or ethanol as solvent, respectively. TFN membranes were prepared by embedding these MOFs within the polyamide thin film supported by a polysulfone support sheet. The specific surface area of Zr-BADS-1 and Zr-BADS-2 was determined to be 396.1 and 278.6 m2/g, respectively, indicating significant surface area conducive to water permeation. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed a uniform distribution of Zr-BADS nanoparticles (NPs) with particle sizes ≤ 100 nm within the TFN membranes. TEM images confirmed the dense packing of NPs within the membranes, influencing their texture and enhancing performance. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of characteristic peaks corresponding to MOFs within the TFN membranes, with changes observed at higher loading ratios. The observed contact angle decreased with increasing MOF loadings, indicating an enhancement in the hydrophilicity. Zr-BADS-1 NPs increased water flux at its optimal loading of 0.3%, and the flux raised to 5.4 L/m2 h bar. Salt rejection slightly decreased at low concentrations but improved at higher loading ratios, indicating the interplay between porosity and charge effects. Zr-BADS-1 outperformed other MOFs in salt rejection and water flux, suggesting it is a remarkable RO membrane filler. This study demonstrates the potential of Zr-BADS MOFs for future membrane applications in the environment.
In this work ,glass-metal apparatus was designed and manufactured which used for preparing ahigh purity uranium. The reaction is simply take place between iodine vapour and uranium metal at 500C in closed system to form uranium tetra iodide which is decomposed on hot wire at high temperature around 1100C. Also another apparatus was made from Glass and used for preparing ahigh purity of UI4 more than 99.9% purity.
Infertilityis oneuof the most problemsathatufacingaadvancedunations. In the general, about halfof allacasesaof the infertility are causedby factors thaturelated toathe male partner. Propos educausesvofumalev infertility include evgeneticuand environmental factors. Blood samples from 64 infertileumen allawere living in urban its al-Fallujah city (30 azospermeiauand 34 oligospermeia) and 32 fertile men (asuthe control group) were collected. Heavy metal concentrations inusera of infertile and fertile groupswereumeasured by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Y- chromosomemicrodeletions were detected by using PCR techniques. Significantdifferences (P?0.05)uin the concentration ofucopper (0.0267±0.0147 and 0.0278±0.0273, for inf
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This work aims to provide a statistical analysis of metal removal during the Magnetic Abrasive Finishing process (MAF) and find out the mathematical model which describes the relationship between the process parameters and metal removal, also estimate the impact of the parameters on metal removal. In this study, the single point incremental forming was used to form the truncated cone made of low carbon steel (1008-AISI) based on the Z-level tool path. Then the finishing was accomplished using a magnetic abrasive process based on the Box-Behnken design of the experiment using Minitab 17 software was used to finish the surface of the formed truncated cone. The influences of different parameters (feed rate, machining step s
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Implementations of Transition Metal complexes of shiff Base Derived Ampyrone
An investigation was conducted for the study of extraction of metal ions using aqueous biphasic systems. The extraction of iron, zinc and copper from aqueous sulphate media at different kinds of extractants SCN− , Cl- and I- , different values of pH of the feed solution, phase ratio, concentration of metals, concentration of extractant, concentration of polymer, and concentration of salt was investigated. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to measure the concentration of iron, zinc and copper in the aqueous phase throughout the experiments. The results of the extraction experiments showed the use of SCN− as extractant, pH=2.5, phase ratio=1.5, concentration of metals 1g/l, concentration of extractant 0.06 %, concentration o
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In the present work, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the solution of Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as anionic surfactant, Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) as amphoteric surfactant, and their mixture have been determined using surface tension and conductivity measurements at a temperature range 293 -323 K. The adsorption and thermodynamic micellization parameters (?G?m, ?G?ads, ?max ,Amin,?cmc ) for individual surfactants was calculated. Rosen model which is focuses on the adsorbed mixed surfactant film at the air/solution interface was used to calculate the interaction parameter ( ?? ) at the interface and the activity coefficients g1 and g2. The results indicate that the CMC of the individual surfactants was affected by
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Olmesartan medoxomil (OM) has low bioavailability and limited solubility. To enhance bioavailability, fast dissolving films (FDF) with mixed micelles of soluplus (SPL) and solutol HS15 (STL H15) were developed using solvent casting. The optimised formula, FM2, used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and showed high entrapment efficiency, rapid disintegration, and significant improvement in OM bioavailability compared to the market tablet (Olmetec®). FM2 also demonstrated stability and potential for enhanced drug delivery.