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Mesoporous activated carbon from eggshell waste via H₃PO₄ chemical activation and its application in the removal of Janus Green B dye
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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of two adsorbent materials, Iraqi chicken eggshells (ESh) and activated carbon (AC) derived from ESh powder for the removal of a cationic dye (Janus green B; JGD) from aqueous solution. Activated carbon was synthesised from ESh using a simple chemical activation method using phosphoric acid as the activating agent. The physicochemical properties of the adsorbents were characterised by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and point of zero charge (pHpzc). The results of BET analysis confirmed that AC has a higher specific surface area (4.146 m2/g) compared to ESh (1.561 m2/g). The effects of operational parameters including contact time (5–60 min for ESh and 5–30 min for AC), adsorbent dose (0.05–1 g/10 mL), temperature (298–318 K), and pH (3.72–11.36) were systematically investigated. Optimal adsorption occurred at pH 11.36, where JGD removal efficiencies reached 90.13% with 0.2 g/10 mL of ESh after 60 min and 92.89% with 0.1 g/10 mL of AC after 30 min at 298 K. Equilibrium data were best fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model, yielding adsorption capacities of 0.09 mg/g for ESh and 1.85 mg/g for AC at 318 K and pH 5.5. The high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.99) confirmed favourable heterogeneous adsorption. Kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.99). Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, ΔS°) indicated that JGD adsorption onto ESh was spontaneous (ΔG°<0), exothermic (ΔH°<0), and associated with decreased randomness (ΔS°<0), while adsorption onto AC was spontaneous (ΔG°<0), endothermic (ΔH°>0), and accompanied by increased randomness (ΔS°>0). The adsorption mechanism was attributed to electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π–π interactions. Desorption experiments demonstrated that 0.2 mol/L HNO₃ effectively regenerated both adsorbents. After seven adsorption–desorption cycles, AC exhibited superior stability and reusability compared to ESh.

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Best Multiplier Approximation of Unbounded Periodic Functions in L_(p,∅_n ) (B),B=[0,2π] Using Discrete Linear Positive Operators
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The purpose of this paper is to find the best multiplier approximation of unbounded functions in    –space by using some discrete linear positive operators. Also we will estimate the degree of the best multiplier approximation in term of modulus of continuity and the averaged modulus.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
FACTORY OF SORTING AND RECYCLING OF WASTE IN THE DISTRICT OF AL-MAHMOUDIYAH BETWEEN THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: FACTORY OF SORTING AND RECYCLING OF WASTE IN THE DISTRICT OF AL-MAHMOUDIYAH BETWEEN THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
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The waste sorting and recycling plant in the district of al- Mahmudiya (Yusufiya) is the only laboratory in Baghdad governorate. It is the only one in Iraq that collects and recycles waste. After sorting, we have packages of raw materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, plastic bottles, Nylon bags) as well as natural fertilizers (food residues and others) and a sanitary landfill with specifications that meet international standards; However, the absence of a structure for the management of the plant (manager, assistant manager, accountant, etc.) in addition to the non-supply of waste on a daily and continuous basis and the lack of cooperation of the Municipality of Baghdad with the management of the plant led to delay in the work

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus in High Risk Groups in Nineveh Governorate / Iraq
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Hepatitis B is an inflammation of the liver that caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which is DNA virus that infects the human and some kinds of animals such as chimpanzees and birds. This disease considered as the major disease of mankind and a serious global public health problem. HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAb, HBeAb and HBsAb are markers used to detect the presence and the stage of infection. The current study included (181) individuals from both sexes, (137) males and (44) females. By ratio 3.11: 1.The mean age of patients 2.4033 ± 0.83519 (range 18-73) years as follows < 20 (11.6%), 21–40 (47.5%), 41–60 (29.8%) and > 60 (11.0%) . These patients are 73 (40.4%) Blood donors from Central Blood Bank, 88 (48.6%) Chronic kidney failure at Ibn –

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2014
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and its role in the evolution of the Kurdish issue in Turkey from 1991 to 2013
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حزب العمال الكردستاني ودوره في تطوير القضية الكردية في تركيا من 1991-2013

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Publication Date
Wed May 07 2025
Journal Name
Applied Science And Engineering Progress
Optimizing Methyl Orange Degradation via Electro-Fenton with Copper Foam Cathode: A Comparative Approach Using Iron Waste vs. Iron Salts and Exploring Catalyst and Cathode Durability
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The use of foam electrodes as a cathode has proven its efficiency in wastewater treatment. In this study, methyl orange (MO) was treated by Electro-Fenton technology (EFT) using a copper foam (Cf) as a cathode. EFT was an advanced strategy for MO degradation, which accomplished excellent degradation efficiency (%ReMO) exceeded 98% over 35 min treatment period at prime conditions using 0.124 mM of iron salts (FeSO4.7H2O), 0.3 LPM of air flow, 0.2 mA/cm2 of current density (CD), and initial pH of 3.0. The outcomes showed that the air flow rate had the main impact on the %ReMO. Furthermore, the contribution of anodic oxidation (AO) to dye removal was investigated to distinguish its role relative to the EFT mechanism, revealing that the MO degr

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The study of physical and chemical properties of wells water in district of Samarra
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The Study was achieved adjectives physical and chemical water wells in the district of
Samarra , where a study has 42 sample groundwater in different regions of the judiciary
randomly distributed all over the judiciary and examined in vitro.
The study showed that the quality of groundwater in the general area of study
Kipritateh punctuated Klordih water quality and other quality Bicarboonatih.
Varied the key components of groundwater in the study area in concentrations
between periods of rain and drought, especially because of the cation ion exchange processes
as well as mitigation as a result of filtering rain water and dominated the calcium ion,
followed by sodium.
As for the negative ions has dominated ion s

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archive
Irrigation intervals affect dhn1 expression and some physiological parameters in stay green and non-stay-green sorghum
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Kufa For Chemical Sciences
Study Of Effect Adsorption Of E127 Dye By Iraqi Clay From Aqueous Solution
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Abstract The surface of kaolin was diagnosed by an AFM and the results were shown The height of the highest peak reached by a quantity of Kaolin ‎surface is 2.5 µm, the granules, and their diameter with an average diameter of 666.1nm. Using Kaolin's adsorption properties, erythrosine was removed of its aqueous solution. It was determined that the maximal dye adsorption ranged 36.53–40.61%. ‎‎‎‎The results of using the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin adsorption isotherms revealed that at temperatures of (298,308,318) K, the Freundlich model was followed, the Langmuir model did not match, and the Temkin model could only be partially applied. There is also physical adsorption. One of the three kinetic models of the

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A comparison between Bayesian Method and Full Maximum Likelihood to estimate Poisson regression model hierarchy and its application to the maternal deaths in Baghdad
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Abstract:

 This research aims to compare Bayesian Method and Full Maximum Likelihood to estimate hierarchical Poisson regression model.

The comparison was done by  simulation  using different sample sizes (n = 30, 60, 120) and different Frequencies (r = 1000, 5000) for the experiments as was the adoption of the  Mean Square Error to compare the preference estimation methods and then choose the best way to appreciate model and concluded that hierarchical Poisson regression model that has been appreciated Full Maximum Likelihood Full Maximum Likelihood  with sample size  (n = 30) is the best to represent the maternal mortality data after it has been reliance value param

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2007
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Zinc Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Electro-Coagulation Process
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Electro coagulation treatment was used for zinc removal from electroplating wastewater of the State Company for Electrical Industries . This wastewater, here consists zinc ions with maximum concentration in solution of 90 ppm .

The parameters that influenced the wastewater treatment are: current density in the range  1-1.4 mA/cm2, pH  in the range 5-10, temperature in the range 25-45°C and time in the range 10-180 minute.

The research is a laboratory experimental type using batch system for electrical process with direct current. The cell comprised of aluminum electrode as anode and stainless steel electrode as cathode. Thirty experiments and one hundred fifty sample lab tests were carried out in this research

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