One of the most effective systems for managing water is subsurface trickle irrigation. Finding empirical formulas and studying the effect of soil texture are the main purposes of this paper. In order to reach an ideal irrigation system as a modern technique to save water, especially in arid regions, soil textures of loam, silt, and silt loam were studied on a subsurface trickle irrigation system by utilizing HYDRUS/2D. The trickle system is usually operated at low pressure, in this paper the used pressure is 30 cm with an emitter buried at 10, 15, and 20 cm at different diameters. Patterns of wetting fronts in both directions at various times depending on soil texture are gathered to find out empirical formulas that are a function of operative time, emitter diameter, depth of buried, and finally, saturated hydraulic conductivity. The statistical parameters make it evident that the formulas provide reasonable prediction accuracy in both dimensions wetted width & depth. The percentage of mean relative error is less than 3%, and the coefficient of determination of both dimensions is more than 0.990. Moreover, the simulation results of this paper are compared with field experiments and based on relative error to find a precise distribution of water around a trickle.
Adolescent pregnancy is common health problem still found in both developed and developing countries; as adolescent may have early sexual practice or early marriage. Adolescent mothers face substantially higher maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality than adult women. This is a randomized prospective clinical study conducted at Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. The objective of this work is to assess the adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in early and late teenage pregnant mothers. Study sample consisted of 220 primigravid women with a singleton, cephalic, viable fetus and no congenital abnormality that gave birth at Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. The 1stgroup: early teenage (46 w
... Show MoreIn Iraq, water shortages and drought, especially during the hot summer months, necessitates that municipal authorities adopt water reuse projects like reusing treated domestic wastewater for crop irrigation. This work gives the conceptual and basic design elements for the necessary steps of filtration, UV irradiation and chlorination to make such a wastewater fit for agricultural use. A typical rural community of 50,000 people is considered as an example case for which functionality and relative simplicity of the proposed designs are prime factors. The objectives are 1) to show what is required and 2) that the presented information may be utilized to embark on the following phases of detailed design and execution of such projects.
Seeds of five cultivars of oats (Avena sativa) were introduced from Italy in 2009. Seeds were propagated on the farm of the Dept. of Field Crops Sci. / Coll. of Agric. / Univ. of Baghdad in the season 2009 – 2010. The cultivars Anatolia, Alguda, Hamel, Pimula and Genzania were planted under 3 irrigation intervals; 3, 4 and 5 weeks to give water depth of 480, 400 and 320 mm, respectively . The depth of water was 80 mm each irrigation. A factorial experiment with RCBD of 4 replicates was conducted in 2 consecutive seasons in 2010 – 2011 and 2011 – 2012. The cultivar Alguda gave highest grain yield (8.07 t/ ha) under 480 mm, and 7.02 t / ha average of 3 water depths. This cultivar was characterized by high growth rate (13.2 g/m2/ d) that
... Show MoreThis research is to take advantage of the performance capabilities which the piano has become famous with and transfer the impact of that advantage to the possibilities of playing the violin. The research aims to introduce the effect of using the piano on the development of the violinists' musical potential. The research, in its literature, focuses on the interpretation of the impact on the possibility of both instruments (piano and violin) in two main sections: the piano (its origin, potential and role in music) and the violin (its origin, potential and role in music). The procedures of the research consisted of presenting a special analysis of a questionnaire consisting of a number of questions presented by the researcher to her resear
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This research revolves around the probing of those whom Ibn Hajar said, "He has a vision", its significance, and the ruling on the connection and transmission to it. The number of narrators reached fifty-one (51) narrators, among whom it was said, “He has a vision, whether it is definite or possibly. Some of them had a vision and companionship.”They are eleven (11) narrators, And among them were those who had visions and had no company, and their number was twenty-one (21) narrators, and among them were those who had no vision and nor company, and their number is nineteen (19) narrators.
As a result , whoever said about him “has a vision” and has companions, his hadith is connected, even i
The aim of this research is to identify the extent to which the Conventional and Islamic banks are committed to implement the requirements of the corporate governance in its financial reports. In addition to its commitment to transparency and clarity in dealing with the shareholders and stockholders to protect their interests and to determine the impact of the commitment of the corporate governance on assessing the financial performance of the conventional and Islamic banks that participate in Bahrain Stock Exchange.
The internationalization of the Libyan crisis and its accompanying militarization of the conflict have played a vital role in hindering to reach a comprehensive political settlement solution in Libya. The increasing international greediness in the Libyan energy resources and the geopolitical importance of the Libyan State led to the involvement of many international and regional powers in this crisis and transformed the Libyan crisis into “proxy war”. Moreover, the Turkish direct military intervention in the Libyan crisis is considered as one of the main constraints facing the international and regional efforts to settle the Libyan crisis as a result of the Turkish insistence on its military existence in Libya to preserve i
... Show MoreThe research tackles the nature of relationship between the Orthodox Church and the state in the Russian Federation. At the beginning of the nineties of the last century, the church had been performed a different role in its relationship with the state, and it had an effect over the internal and foreign policies for the Russian Federation. In political history of Russia, the church’s existence became an evident too much in comparing with the previous historical period, starting with the educational and political system, whether through a symbolic participating roles as what happened in the inauguration ceremony to take over responsibility of the head of state or taking actual roles such as influencing on the process of holding elections d
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The objective of this study, is to attempt to explain the reality of the Structural Imbalances in the Iraqi Economy during the period of research, by providing a quantitative analysis of the most important types of Imbalances, Which are represented by the disruption in the Productive Structure, the imbalance of the structure of Public Budget, and the imbalance of the Structure of Trade. The problem of the research, is the fact that the economy structure in Iraq has long suffered from an Imbalances in its economic structure, which are represented in the unequal relations between its constituent elements, according to the proportions levels defined by the economic theory.
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