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An Effect of Al on the Properties of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> Thin Film
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Abstract<p>Zinc-indium-selenide ZnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> (ZIS) ternary chalcopyrite thin film on glass with a 500 nm thickness was fabricated by using the thermal evaporation system with a pressure of approximately 2.5×10<sup>−5</sup> mbar and a deposition rate of 12 Å/s. The effect of aluminum (Al) doping with 0.02 and 0.04 ratios on the structural and optical properties of film was examined. The utilization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to showcase the influence of aluminum doping on structural properties. XRD shows that thin ZIS-pure, Al-doped films at RT are polycrystalline with tetragonal structure and preferred (112) orientation. Where the degree of crystallinity is raised. The effect of Al content on surface roughness and average diameter was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), which showed that both surface roughness and average diameter increased with an increasing Al ratio until they reached their maximum values of 12.93 nm and 61.56 nm, respectively. Optical characteristics of ZIS thin film and the impact of aluminum on optical parameters have been investigated, and it was found that the optical energy (<inline-formula> <tex-math></tex-math> <math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">E</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mrow> <mi>opt</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </math> </inline-formula>), absorption coefficient (α), extinction coefficient (k), refractive index (n), both the real (ε<sub>r</sub>) and imaginary (ε<sub>i</sub>) components of the dielectric constant have values of (1.8 eV), (3.11×10<sup>4</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup>), (0.111), (2.3), (5.36), and (0.517), respectively, for ZIS thin films at an Al ratio equal to 0.04.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Macro controlling of copper oxide deposition processes and spray mode by using home-made fully computerized spray pyrolysis system
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Kinetic studies of AST isoenzymes I,II,III,IV partially purified from patient,s urine with chroinc renal failure
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In this research, the kinetic studies of four isoenzymes of Asprtate aminotransferase, which partially purified from the urine of chronic renal failure patients were carried out .The four isoenzymes were obeyed Michaelis-Menton's equation and the optimum concentration of their substrate (Aspartic acid) was (166.5x10-3) mole/liter,and their Km values were determined. Four isoenzymesI,II,III,IV have shown an optimum pH at 7.4.The four isoenzymes obeyed Arrhenius equation up to 37º C and their Ea and Q10 constants were determined .

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2016
Journal Name
Basic Education
Synthesis, spectroscopic and biological studies of some lanthanide (ш) nitrate complexes with 1, 1--bis (orthoamino phenyl thio) - methane.
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 07 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Quality of Life for Adult Clients with Hypermobility Syndrome Attending Private Clinics in Baghdad City: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Objective)s): To evaluate the quality of life for adult clients with hypermobility syndrome at private clinics in Baghdad City. Methodology: A cross-sectional study used a purposive ‘’non-probability’’ sample of (75) adult clients with Hypermobility Syndrome (HMS) male and female who age (25-64) years. The data were collected through the utilization of standard developed questionnaire of the world health organization (WHO). Data collected by interview with each client who is involved in the study. Each interview takes approximately (20) minutes. Results: The study revealed that there is an effect of hypermobility syndrome on the quality of life, which recorded fair level in general. The study also reported that there is an effect

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences And Applications
Treatment of localized vitiligo with 1% pimecrolimus Cream versus 0.05% clobetasol propionate cream&#8212;single, blinded, comparative therapeutic trial
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KE Sharquie, HR Al-Hamamy, AA Noaimi, KA Ali, Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 2015 - Cited by 3

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 20 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied And Natural Science
Detection of some virulence genes (esp, agg, gelE, CylA) in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from different clinical cases at Baghdad
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The virulent genes are the key players in the ability of the bacterium to cause disease. The products of such genes that facilitate the successful colonization and survival of the bacterium in or cause damage to the host are pathogenicity determinants. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of virulence factors (esp, agg, gelE, CylA) in E. faecalis isolated from diverse human clinical collected in Iraqi patient , as well as to assess their ability to form biofilm and to determine their haemolytic and gelatinase activities. Thirty-two isolates of bacteria Enterococcus faecalis were obtained, including 15 isolates (46.87%) of the urine, 6 isolates (18.75%) for each of the stool and uterine secretions, and 5 isolates (15.62%) of the wo

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Publication Date
Fri May 11 2018
Journal Name
Biomedical And Pharmacology Journal
Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Human Papillomavirus Using L1 Gene in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients in Baghdad, Iraq
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral mucosa. Human papillomavirus (HPV) virus cause a broad scope of diseases from benign to invasive tumors, types 16 and 18 classified as carcinogenic to humans. This study aimed to provide the first molecular characterization of HPV types in Iraq. Thirty-five unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from histopathologically confirmed patients with oral cancer were enrolled in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from exfoliating cells to amplify HPV-DNA using HPV-L1 gene sequence primers by polymerase chain reaction method (PCR), the viral genotyping was performed using direct sequencing method. HPV genotypes identified were deposited in Gen

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Romanian Journal Of Rheumatology
Association between genetic polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene and adverse effects of etanercept in rheumatoid arthritis patients
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Background. Gene polymorphisms affect etanercept’s pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and side effects. This effect is evidenced by the extensive genetic variation in the drug’s targets. Objectives. This study aims to find the association between different genotypes of the promoter region of the TNF-α gene at -308G/A(rs1800629), -857C/T(rs1799724), -863 C/A(rs1800630), -1031 T/C (rs1799964), -806 C/T (rs4248158) and -376 G/A (rs1800750) and the side effects of ETN that occurred to Iraqi RA patients. Method. The trial included patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had been using ETN for at least six months. The participants were from the Baghdad Teaching Hospital Rheumatology Unit. The PCR was sequenced to determine the polymo

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2022
Journal Name
Inorganic Chemistry Communications
Sustainable adsorptive removal of high concentration organic contaminants from water using biodegradable Gum-Acacia integrated magnetite nanoparticles hydrogel adsorbent
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Release of industrial effluents comprising dyes in water bodies is one of the foremost causes of water pollution. Therefore, the proper and proficient treatment of these dyes contaminated left-over material before their release is crucial. Herein, an eco-friendly biological macromolecule Gum-Acacia (GA) integrated Fe3O4 nanoparticles composite hydrogel was manufactured via co-precipitation technique for effective adsorption of Congo red (CR) dye existing in water bodies. The as-prepared magnetic GA/Fe3O4 composite hydrogel was characterized by FTIR, XRD, EDX, VSM, SEM, and BET techniques. These studies discovered the fruitful fabrication of biodegradable magnetic GA/Fe3O4 composite hydrogel possessing porous structure with large surface are

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Numerical and Analytical Solutions of Space-Time Fractional Partial Differential Equations by Using a New Double Integral Transform Method
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  This work discusses the beginning of fractional calculus and how the Sumudu and Elzaki transforms are applied to fractional derivatives. This approach combines a double Sumudu-Elzaki transform strategy to discover analytic solutions to space-time fractional partial differential equations in Mittag-Leffler functions subject to initial and boundary conditions. Where this method gets closer and closer to the correct answer, and the technique's efficacy is demonstrated using numerical examples performed with Matlab R2015a.

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