A transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is characterized by the application of medications onto the skin's surface to deliver drugs at a controlled and predefined rate through the skin. Spanlastics, an elastic nanovesicle capable of transporting various pharmacological substances, shows promise as a drug delivery carrier. It offers numerous advantages over traditional vesicular systems applied topically, including enhanced stability, flexibility in penetration, and improved targeting capabilities. This study aims to develop meloxicam (MX)-loaded spanlastics gel as skin delivery carriers and to look into the effects of formulation factors like Tween80, Brij 35, and carbopol concentration on the properties of spanlastics gel, like pH, drug

Three new hydrazone derivatives of Etodolac were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity by using egg white induced paw edema method. All the synthesized target compounds were characterized by CHN- microanalysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, and ¹HNMR analysis. The synthesis of the target (P1-P3) compounds was accomplished following multistep reaction procedures. The synthesized target compounds were found to be active in reducing paw edema thickness and their anti-inflammatory effect was comparable to that of the standard (Etodolac).

         Darifenacin hydrobromide (DH) is the more recent uroselective M3 receptor antagonist for treating uncomplicated overactive bladder (OAB). This study was aimed to formulate DH as fast dissolving buccal films (FDBFs) using a solvent casting method to enhance patient’s compliance.

         Films were prepared by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a film forming polymer. Different types and concentrations of superdisintegrants (croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, indion 414) were used to select the best formula by studying the physicochemical properties of the films, disintegration time (DT) and percent drug release.

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Silymarin (SM) is a plant extract obtained from Silybum marianum( milk thistle) . It is class II type drug according to  Biopharmaceutics Classification System with low bioavailability due to its low solubility.

Micro/nanonization during crystallization, surface modification and crystal structure modification may improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.

The aim of this study was to increase the water solubility and dissolution rate of SM by in-situ micronization using solvent change either by stirring or ultrasonic method. Stabilizers like Gelatin, PVP-K30, HPMC15, Pulullan were used to stabilize the prepared ultrafine crystals. Effect of type and concentration of hydrophilic polymer, solv

The measurements of major and trace elements in different brands of milk powder selected from the Iraqis market via the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) Technique have been studied in the present work. The result of the measurements reveals the high concentrations of sodium, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Furthermore, low concentrations of aluminum, silicon, iron, bromine, molybdenum, iodine, barium, titanium, manganese, cobalt, chrome, nickel, copper, zinc and lead were detected. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) and Kjeldahl technique were also employed to determine the concentrations of nitrogen. It was found that the nitrogen concentration was in the range of (1.96 - 3.23) % which is within the permissible li

This research is one of the public research aimed at identifying the communication habits and the implications of the content on the communication process, especially as the audience of specialized media is often characterized by effectiveness, depth and active in tracking the media message and interaction with its content. It means such audience is a positive, very active, dynamic, and very alert audience driven by his interests and psychological needs to watch specific programs meet his desires.

This satisfaction can only be achieved through the use of specialized media capable of producing programs that will communicate and interact between the ideas you present and this audience.

The phenomenon of specialized satellit

Criticism is inherently impolite and a face-threatening act generally leading to conflicts among interlocutors. It is equally challenging for both native and non-native speakers, and needs pre-planning before performing it. The current research examines the production of non-institutional criticism by Iraqi EFL university learners and American native speakers. More specifically, it explores to what extent Iraqi EFL learners and American native speakers vary in (i) performing criticism, (ii) mitigating criticism, and (iii) their pragmatic choices according to the contextual variables of power and distance. To collect data, a discourse-completion task was used to elicit written data from 20 Iraqi EFL learners and 20 American native speaker