Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive airflow limitation that is preventable but not curable. It is associated with persistent symptoms that cause a considerable burden on individual productivity at work, and daily activities, and reduced quality of life, also burdening the healthcare system and society. Objectives: The study aims to measure the burden of COPD on patients in terms of daily activities and work productivity. It also seeks to investigate some inflammatory biomarkers' levels and their correlation with selected outcomes. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study on 120 stable COPD patients who were diagnosed and treated according to the GOLD guidelines at Kirkuk General Hospital's

Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of rock is the most critical geomechanical property widely used as input parameters for designing fractures, analyzing wellbore stability, drilling programming and carrying out various petroleum engineering projects. The USC regulates rock deformation by measuring its strength and load-bearing capacity. The determination of UCS in the laboratory is a time-consuming and costly process. The current study aims to develop empirical equations to predict UCS using regression analysis by JMP software for the Khasib Formation in the Buzurgan oil fields, in southeastern Iraq using well-log data. The proposed equation accuracy was tested using the coefficient of determination (R²), the average absolute

The aim of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of a proposed unite in voluntary work in enhancing critical thinking skills and the attitudes towards responsible citizenship among eighth grade female students in the Sultanate of Oman. In order to collect the study data, the researchers employed a quasi-experimental research design with twenty female students from Al-Sideeqah bint Al-Sideeq for basic education school. The research data were collected via a critical thinking test that consisted of twenty-five items and a scale of twenty items under three different dimensions, which aimed to measure students' attitudes towards responsible citizenship. The researchers implemented these two instruments as pre- and post the experi

إن تجسيد الشعراء للجمال واقامته تمثالا مصورا مرئيا ، كان الهدف منه اولا اشاعة جو نفسي مريح في مقدمات قصائد المديح ، فهو الجزء البصري الممتع لمدركات حسية اخرى ترافقه، وأما المرامي  الاخرى 

ﻓﮭﻲ إﻣﺘﺎع اﻟﻨﻔﺲ إﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎع أﺟﻤﻞ ﺻﻮرة أو أﻧﻤﻮذج ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺬاﻛﺮة، وﺟﻌﻠﮫ ﯾﺤﯿﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻟﺪواﻋﻲ اﻟﺤﻨﯿﻦ للاماكن والازمنة الاثيرة . أو الميل للتعبير عن الوعي الجمالي الذي يتصل بموضوع الج

Most real-life situations need some sort of approximation to fit mathematical models. The beauty of using topology in approximation is achieved via obtaining approximation for qualitative subgraphs without coding or using assumption. The aim of this paper is to apply near concepts in the -closure approximation spaces. The basic notions of near approximations are introduced and sufficiently illustrated. Near approximations are considered as mathematical tools to modify the approximations of graphs. Moreover, proved results, examples, and counterexamples are provided.

<p>The speech act of request is face-threatening by nature and an inappropriate request can cause offence to the hearer, particularly when s/he has higher authority (Economidou-Kogetsidis, 2011). E-mail is frequently used to facilitate communication between student and professor in Iraq. Iraqi EFL (English as a foreign language) learners face pragmatic difficulty in making proper requests to individuals of higher authority via e-mail. Some studies have been conducted on Arab EFL learners to uncover the pragmatic behaviour of these learners in real-life requests using elicited data. This research fills a gap in Inter-language Pragmatics (ILP) literature in that it investigates the use of academic request in three diverse imposi

Terrorism is an old phenomenon, but awareness of its seriousness talk of where to stretch the impact of the terrorist crime and the magnitude of the results as well as the community's awareness of the newly therefore appeared studies and special laws to deal with this phenomenon, especially that this phenomenon has increased the time being to enter an organization where the scientific methods and modern techniques that cause destruction and horror of mass.That the term terrorism in the modern era did not materialize and actually only in 1793 and that was when he declared Robespierre (Robespierre) the beginning of the reign of terror or Alrhb (Reign of terror) which lasted in France from March 10 1973_27 July 1794 where it was the execution

Apical meristems, lateral buds, anthers of immature flowers and immature embryos of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) were cultured on MS media with different growth regulators and incubated for 6 weeks at 25-27?C with 16 hrs photoperiod for callus initiation. Results indicated that 1 and 0.1 mg/l of 2,4-D and BA were suitable for callus initiation when apical meristems and lateral buds were used. While 2 and 0.5 mg/l of both growth regulators were essential for immature embryos. It was noticed that using chickpea anthers of the MS medium must contain 1mg/l 2ip and 0.5 mg/l IAA. However, MS medium supplemented with 1-3 mg/l of BA and 2,4-D respectively was good for callus initiation from lateral buds, anther and immature embryos.