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Esthetic Improvements of Various Degrees of White Spot Lesion Using Resin Infiltration and Micro-Abrasion (An In Vitro Study)
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Background: White spot lesions are esthetic problems caused by subsurface enamel demineralization that seen as white opacity. Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate and to compare the color change after the treatment of the white spot lesions with resin ‹nϔ‹Žtrƒt‹on and micro abrasion. Materials and Methods: rt‹ϔ‹…‹ƒŽ white spot lesions were generated on 48 premolar teeth by the use of a demineralization solution. The teeth were randomly divided using the Diagnodent into three study groups (16 teeth for each group) depending on the depth of the induced lesions: outer enamel, inner enamel and outer dentine. Then each group was fatherly subdivided into two groups (8 teeth for each group) the ϔ‹rst group was treated with resin ‹nϔ‹Žtrƒt‹onǡ while the second one was treated with micro abrasion. For each group, Spectrophotometric examination was performed at three points: baseline (T0), after producing the lesion (T1), and after the treatment (T2). Results: While the mean of ΔE between (T0-T1) showed a s‹‰n‹ϔ‹…ƒnt difference between the outer and the inner enamel, the outer enamel and the outer dentine, there was no s‹‰n‹ϔ‹…ƒnt difference between the inner enamel and the outer dentine. On the other hand, the mean of ΔE between (T1-T2) of the three layers of the lesions showed that there was no s‹‰n‹ϔ‹…ƒnt difference between all the layers when the resin ‹nϔ‹Žtrƒt‹on was used. However, there was a s‹‰n‹ϔ‹…ƒnt difference when the micro abrasion was used. The ΔE between (T0-T2) shows no s‹‰n‹ϔ‹…ƒnt difference between the three layers of the lesions and between the two materials, (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of the present study revealed that the deeper the white spot lesion the more the color difference it was, and the resin ‹nϔ‹Žtrƒt‡s was excellent in improving the color of the lesion with the same effectiveness as the microabrsion was.

Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Adoption of Membership Level for Critical Activities In Knowledge Chain Model Building An Investigation Analytical Study Depending on Fuzzy Logic Architecture for Organizations Pushed by Knowledge
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Abstract

   The aim of this research is to concentrate on the of knowledge management activities, initial activities: (Acquisition, Selection, Generation, Assimilation, Emission) knowledge, and support activities: (Measurement, Control, Coordination, Leadership) that is manipulate and controlling in achieving knowledge management cases in organization, that’s is leads to  knowledge chain model, then determining the level of membership for these activities to knowledge chain model in a sample of Iraqi organization pushed by knowledge (Universities). The research depends on check list for gaining the data required, theses check list designed by apparently  in diagnosing research dimensions and measurem

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Serum Soluble Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Level and Its Potential Association With The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Non-Hypertensive Iraqi COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study
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Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) which utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) to invade the host cells. This membrane-bound peptidase is widely distributed in the body; its activity antagonizes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Once SARS-Cov2 enters the cell, it causes downregulation of ACE2, resulting in the unopposed activation of RAAS. The unregulated activity of the RAAS system can deteriorate the prognosis in COVID-19 patients. A soluble form of ACE2 (sACE2) was reported to have a role in the SARS-Cov2 invasion of the susceptible cells.

Aim of the study: This study aims to inve

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 13 2023
Journal Name
International Conference Of Computational Methods In Sciences And Engineering Iccmse 2021
Management of the flood disaster and assessment their damaged areas using remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study of Tigris River – Maysan Governorate, Iraq
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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation of banking performance according to the CAMELS model An applied study of Al-Mansour Investment Bank for the period 2014-2018.
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The banking sector has a significant impact on the economic growth of the country, and the importance of this sector must assess its financial performance from time to time, to measure the situation related to money for each bank and how to put the supervision of the efficiency of the full. The research aims at evaluating the financial performance according to the elements of the CAMELS model, which including capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, profitability, liquidity, and market risk sensitivity. The research included the study of Al-Mansour Investment Bank during the period from 2014 to 2018. The base capital ratio was used to total assets to measure capital adequacy The proportion of investments to total a

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research
Precise Solutions of a Viscoelastic Fluid Flow in an Annular Pipe under an Impulsive Pressure with the Fractional Generalized Burgers' Model
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This paper deals with an analytical study of the flow of an incompressible generalized Burgers’ fluid (GBF) in an annular pipe. We discussed in this problem the flow induced by an impulsive pressure gradient and compare the results with flow due to a constant pressure gradient. Analytic solutions for velocity is earned by using discrete Laplace transform (DLT) of the sequential fractional derivatives (FD) and finite Hankel transform (FHT). The influences of different parameters are analyzed on a velocity distribution characteristics and a comparison between two cases is also presented, and discussed in details. Eventually, the figures are plotted to exhibit these effects.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of the properties of Ru-isotopes using the proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2)
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The proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) has been used to make a schematic study of the Ruthenium ( ) isotopes of mass region around with and . For each isotope of the values of the IBM-2 Hamiltonian parameters, which yield an acceptable results for excitation energies in comparison with those of experimental data, have been determined. Fixed values of the effective charges ( ) and of the proton and neutron g factors ( and ) have been chosen for all isotopes under study. The calculated electric quadrupole moments of state, transitions, the magnetic dipole moments transitions and mixing ratios are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data.

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 25 2018
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Diagnosis, Structure, and In vitro Antimicrobial and Antifungal Evaluation of some Amino benzoic acids, derived Ligand Schiff base and their Mixed Complexes with Cu(II), Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II) and Co(II)
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Innovative various Schiff bases and their Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) and Hg(II)  compounds made by the condensation of 4-amino antipyrine with derived aminobenzoic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzoic acid, and 4-aminobenzoic acid ) have been prepared by conventional approaches. These complexes were described by magnetic sensibility analysis, FT-IR spectra, and molar-conductance and elemental analysis. Analytical values appeared which the mixed-ligand complexes presented ratio about 2:1 (ligand: metal) with the chelation 4 or 6. The prepared compounds offered a good effect on the organisms; bacteria Staphylococcus-aurous, Escherichia-coli and fungi C. albicans, A. niger. Also, the biological products signalize which the mixed compl

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 25 2018
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Diagnosis, Structure, and In vitro Antimicrobial and Antifungal Evaluation of some Amino benzoic acids, derived Ligand Schiff base and their Mixed Complexes with Cu(II), Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II) and Co(II)
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Publication Date
Fri Sep 25 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Synthesis, Antibacterial, and Molecular Docking Study of Novel 2-Chloro-8-Methoxy-3-Aryl-[1,3] Benzoxazine Derivatives using Vilsmeier Reagent
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Reducing of ethyl 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)benzoate (1) afford ethyl 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)benzoate (2). Reaction of this compound with Vilsmeier reagent affords novel 2-chloro-[1,3] benzoxazine ring (3). The corresponding acid hydrazide of compound 3 was synthesized from reaction of compound (3) with hydrazine hydrate. Newly series of hydrazones (5a–i) were synthesized from reaction of acid hydrazide with various aryl aldehydes. Antibacterial activity of the hydrazones was secerned utilizing gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Compound (5b) and (5c) exhibited significant antibacterial ability against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, while the compounds (5a) showed mild antibacteri

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
The study of water quality changes using GIS and remote sensing for Tigris River through Salah Al-Din province, Iraq
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The most significant water supply, which is the basis of agriculture, industry and human and wildlife needs, is the river. In order to determine its suitability for drinking purposes, this study aims to measure the Water Quality Index (WQI) of the Tigris River in the Salah Al-Din Province (center of Tikrit), north of Baghdad. For ten (9) physio-chemical parameters, namely turbidity, total suspended sediments, PH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, chloride, nitrogen as nitrate, sulphate, and then transported for examination to the laboratory, water samples were collected from 13 locations along the Tigris river. Using the weighted arithmetic index method, the WQI was measured and found to be 105,87 in up-stream, wh

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