Industrial dyes are major pollutants in wastewater and river water with an initial visible concentration of 1 mg/L. Recent studies have shown the possibility of using polyphenol oxidase in catalytic biological treatment due to its ability to oxidize a large number of dyes and pollutants in wastewater and the flexibility to work in wide ranges of temperature, pH and salinity. It is easy availability as well as the low economic cost resulting from its use in biological treatments, this enzyme polyphenol oxidase was used. The findings in this study showed that the extraction of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) from potato peel was homogenized with potassium phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7) at a ratio of 1:10 (weight: volume) for two min. The result of enzyme purification by ion exchange chromatography showed that the yield of this step was 64 % and the specific activity was 6541.67 U/mg. The polyphenol oxidase was immobilized covalently on the functionalized pumice stone (25.2 U/gm) compared with other methods. The characterization results demonstrated that the optimum pH for immobilized and free enzyme activity was 6.0 while the pH range of free and immobilized polyphenol oxidase stability was from 4.5 -7.0 and 3.5 - 8.5 respectively. The better temperature for free and immobilized polyphenol oxidase activity was 25 ºC, whereas the free and immobilized polyphenol oxidase was stable at 15-35 and 15-50 °C respectively. The outcomes showed that the decolorization efficiency of blue textile dye employing immobilized polyphenol oxidase reached 99.85 % after 24 hr. for 100 mg/L concentration while for other concentrations 200, 300, 400, 500 and 1000 mg/L the decolorization efficiencies were 85.96, 76.15, 72.54, 66.94 and 63.5 % respectively. Based on the results, the immobilized polyphenol oxidase on pumice stone is highly efficient in removing textile dyes at large concentrations and in different environmental conditions.
تنتاب العلاقةَ الأمريكية الإيرانية تجاذباتٌ ومشاحنات أدخلت العالم في حالة من الغموض السياسي، وجعلت بعض المراقبين والمحللين السياسيين لا يستبعدون توجيه الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية أو إسرائيل ضربة عسكرية لإيران، إذ يرى المدقق في واقع تلك العلاقة المضطربة: أن الأمور كلما بلغت حافة الهاوية عادت من جديد إلى ساحة الحوار والمفاوضات، ويبدو: أن الإستراتيجية الأمريكية التي يتبعها الرئيس (باراك أو
... Show Morethis research five grammatical terminology, and predicate and ascribed to it and added and genitive, examined scientific accuracy envisaged in placed and how they conform to the content then proposed five alternative terminology, and proved that this alternative terminology reflects more accurately the content of conventional terminology in Arabic grammar lesson, logical approach relies on analysis of morphological derivation of the term and its language, and recommended research to pursue critical studies in grammatical terminology, because such research has Significant impact in removing the grammatical ambiguity of some scholars, as well as instrumental in the development of methods of teaching Arabic grammar, to return to the relatio
... Show MoreVirtual reality technology is the science of the embodiment of things and move spontaneously among non-real from one place to another with the full sense of the form, touch, sound, enables the user tried out and deal with it, like a real natural world and open up new worlds for human ambitious to let him overlooks the supposed world. Internet has become part of our daily lives, especially with the presence of mobile devices; that revolutionized the world of social networking. Access to information and build relationships change in the era of digital technology. The woman is not in isolation from this era; she found to herself a wide area for the production of ideas.
When we talk about woman in the modern means of communication, this a
A novel technique for nanoparticles with a chemical method and impact for resistance bacteria methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), UV-visible analysis confirmed the by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction pattern estimation antimicrobial excellent antibacterial activity against MRSA (with zone of inhibition of 11 ± 02 mm , 9 ± 01 mm,8 ± 03 mm and 7.5 ± 02 mm and 6.5 ± 02 mm) at different concentrations (0.5 ,0.25, 0.125, 0.0625, 0.03125) mg/ml while good activity was 16 ± 03 mm at 17 ± 02 mm zone at 0.25, 0.125 mg/mL, respectively. The increase in microorganism resistance to antibiotics a couple of have caused
... Show MoreThis study was done to compare the morphometric parameters of placentas in well controlled patients with preeclampsia, diabetes, and preeclampsia-diabetes with that of normal uncomplicated placentas. Patients & Methods: A total of Twenty four placentas were freshly collected. Six placentas for control group and eighteen placentas for complicated group (preeclamptic-diabetic and preeclamptic--diabetic subgroups). The placentas were grossly examined (shape, number of cotyledons, weight, and thickness). After suitable fixation, tissue processing and sectioning, the sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin to study the general morphology and morphometry of the following parameters: number of terminal villi, number of syncytial knots, numb
... Show More2-(2-amino-5-nitro-phenylazo) -phenol was ready by grouping the diazonium salt of 2-aminophenol with 4-nitroaniline.Thegeometry of azo ligand(HL)was resolved on the origin of (C.H.N) analysis, 1H and 13CNMR spectra, infrared spectra and UV–vis electronic absorption spectra. Dealing with the azo ligand produced with Nd+3,Cd+3,Dy+3 and Er+3at aqueous ethanol for a 1:2 metal: ligand rate, and in perfect ph. The formation for compounds have been described by utilizing flame atomic absorption,(C.H.N) Analyses, conductivity, infrared spectra and UV–vis spectral procedures. Nature in the produced compounds have been studied obey the ratio of mole and continuous variance manners, Beer's law yielded up a concentration rate (1×10-4 - 3×10-4M) .
... Show More6-(2-benzathiazolyl azo),-3,5-dimethylphenol was formed by grouping the 2- benzothiazole diazonium chloride with 3,5-dimethylphenol. Azo ligand(L) was resolved on the origin by 1H and 13CNMR, FTIR and UV-V is spectral analysis. Complexation of tridentate ligand (L) with Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in aqueous of ethyl alcohol with a 1:2 metal:ligand, and at ideal pH.. The formation of metal chelates are assigned using flame atomic, absorption, FTIR, and UV-Vis spectral analysis, other than conductivity and magnetic estates. The nature of the metal chelates were carried out by mole ratio and continuous, variation mechanism, Beer's law, followed the rate (0.0001 - 3×0.0001 M) concentration., High molar, absorptivity, for the complex solutions w
... Show More2-(2-amino-5-nitro-phenylazo),-phenol was ready by grouping the diazonium salt of 2-aminophenol with 4-nitroaniline.Thegeometry of azo ligand(HL)was resolved on the origin of (C.H.N) analysis,1H and 13CNMR spectra, infrared spectra and UV–vis electronic absorption spectra. Dealing with the azo ligand produced with Rh+3 and La+3ataqueous ethanol for a 1:3 metal: ligand rate, and in perfect ph. The formation for compounds have been described by utilizing flame atomic, absorption,(C.H.N),Analyses, conductivity, infrared spectra and UV–vis spectral procedures. Nature in the produced compounds, have been studied, obey the ratio of mole and continuous, variance, manners, Beer's law, yielded up a concentration, rate (1×10-4- 3×10-4M),. High
... Show MoreIn this study, a bioadhesive dosage form of eoconazole nitrate for vaginal delivery was designed using a combination of bioadhesive polymers: Carbopol 941 p and sodium carboxymethylcellulose or methylcellulose in different ratios. The bioadhesive strength was evaluated by measuring the force required to detach the tablet from sheep vaginal mucosal membrane. It was found that the bioadhesive force was directly proportional to Carbopol 941 p content in the different formulae. The formulae were tested for their swelling behavior using agar gel plate method. The results showed that formulae containing a combination of Carbopol 941 p and sodium carboxymethylcellulose had greater swelling index
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