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Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Identifying Complex Communities in Biological Networks
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    Identification of complex communities in biological networks is a critical and ongoing challenge since lots of network-related problems correspond to the subgraph isomorphism problem known in the literature as NP-hard. Several optimization algorithms have been dedicated and applied to solve this problem. The main challenge regarding the application of optimization algorithms, specifically to handle large-scale complex networks, is their relatively long execution time. Thus, this paper proposes a parallel extension of the PSO algorithm to detect communities in complex biological networks. The main contribution of this study is summarized in three- fold; Firstly, a modified PSO algorithm with a local search operator is proposed to detect complex biological communities with high quality. Secondly, the variability in the capability of PSO to extract community structure in biological networks is studied when different types of crossover operators are used. Finally, to reduce the computational time needed to solve this problem, especially when detecting complex communities in large-scale biological networks, we have implemented parallel computing to execute the algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested and evaluated on two real biological networks. The experimental results showed the effective performance of the proposed algorithm when using single-point crossover operator, and its superiority over other counterpart algorithms. Moreover, the use of parallel computing in the proposed algorithm representation has greatly reduced the computational time required for its execution.

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Effect Of Silicon Calcium, Boron On Proline And Relative Watiop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Effect of silicon calcium, boron on Proline and relative water contents in Apple leaves Salim, Q.T., Joody, A.T. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, 454(1), 012179
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 19 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Elements of Promotion Mix and Their Effect in Insurance Service Marketing by Using Factor Analysis Approach: An Exploratory Research foe views of works Sample at the National Insurance Company
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The insurance is considered as one of the sectors that is impact is vital to the national economy and development programs, Insurance companies as financial institutions have an effect an aspects of social, economic as well as the participation of enterprises in compensation for the risk potential losses and individuals, Insurance sector provides insurance service insurance which should be characterized by quality and satisfy  needs and desires of the customer , so the  raise insurance awareness in the community its members and institutions will help in  maintaining the movement of production and service delivery standards, quality sought by the insured to obtain, as well as the development of promotional programs, and use

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Political Marketing and the Formation of Trends in Public Opinion on Social Networking Sites: An Analytical Study of the Two F.B. Pages: the Prime Minister and the Parliament President
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The social networking sites have become one of the most important promotional instruments for their characteristic of facilitation of communication and the creation of public platform for discussion and formation of new points of view. These sites were used in the political marketing process where politicians use Facebook pages to promote their ideologies and spread their programs for the purpose of an influencing public opinion.
This research deals with the way by which political products are the Iraqi parliament. We adopt the methodology for analyzing the contents of these pages during three months starting from September,12 2016 to March 1, 2017 characterized by a lot of changes and events, in particular the beginning of the war o

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Peculiarity of Colloquial and Popular Vocabulary in a Collection of the Poet Alexi Kaltsof's Letters: Varonech Bazars: Специфика просторечной и диалектной лексики в эпистолярном дискурсе «воронежского прасола» Алексея кольцова
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The paper studies the description of the colloquial and popular vocabulary  used by wholesales tradesmen in Varonech before the Bolshevik Revolution . The vocabulary were used in the personal letters written by the poet and sent to famous poets and critics like Belenisky, kryvesky and Malsheve. And some were sent to his father and his sister. Not only did these letter bear the personal taste, but they represented a literary product reflecting on the poet's impressions, views, ambitions, and opinion in arts, poetry, prose, and theatre. The researcher used about thirty instances of various levels of grammar, style and phonology, all representing colloquial vocabulary used commonly at the time of Alexi&nbsp

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Translation & Linguistics
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE USE OF METAPHORS IN THE CREATION OF ART (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STORY BY D. RUBINA "YOU AND ME UNDER THE PEACH CLOUDS")
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The article reflects the results of the analysis of the use of metaphors when creating the image of the main character of the story by D. Rubina "You and me under the peach clouds" - a pet, a dog named Kondraty. Through metaphorization, the image of the dog is filled by the author with purely human qualities, thus passing into the category of a full member of the family. The article is a continuation of the study of the work of D. I. Rubina.

Publication Date
Wed Sep 20 2006
Journal Name
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INVESTIGATING SOME OF THE SYNTACTIC ERRORS MADE BY EFL COLLEGE STUDENTS IN WRITTEN ENGLISH EXPRESSIONS استقصاء بعض الاخطاء النحوية لطلبة الكلية دارسي اللغة الانكليزية لغة اجنبية في التعابير الانشائية
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Mustansiriyah Journal Of Sports Science
The use of training methods in accordance with special exercises to develop flexibility and perform the skills of shooting from above the chest (abduction) to wrestlers ages (14-15)"
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Evolution has become a feature of this era because of the speed that makes it open multiple horizons and many to identify everything that is new in different areas and also characterized by the competitive position of emotional attitudes changing depending on the positions of winning and defeat, and the use of training methods are the most important pillars of the game of wrestling, The methods contribute to raising the level of the wrestler and refining his physical and skill potential. The problem of the research is that the shooting exercises from above the chest are very important in Roman wrestling and can be terminated by the player. Through very personal interviews for coaches and concluded that there is a weakness in the level of fl

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 11 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Problemic of the ambiguous relationship between the media and terrorism, and the problems arising from… An exploratory study of a sample of journalists, writers and researchers in Baghdad
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This study examined the problematic of the ambiguous relationship between the media and terrorism and the problems that result from press coverage of terroristic incidents. The paper sought to show the classification and confrontation of such incidents had been established from the point of view of a sample of media professionals, researchers and writers who are frequenters of Al-Mutanabi Street in Baghdad. The media outlets that carry this coverage would not give up their media mission as well as the terrorists would not be given an opportunity to take advantage of this coverage in achieving their goals and objectives. Furthermore, the terrorist organizations would have no chance to exploit these means to deliver their terroristic messa

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 11 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Foreign Propaganda in the Electronic Press about the Syrian Crisis A Comparative Study of the Sites of Russia Today and Alhurra - A research drawn from a Master Degree thesis
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The research problem lies in the ambiguity of the usage of propaganda contents by two main media outlets (the Russian RT and American Alhurra) in their news coverage of the Syrian crisis through their websites and the methods used by them to convince users taking into account the mutual propaganda conflict between the United States and Russia in the war against Syria. The objectives of the research can be represented by the following: investigating the contents of American and Russian electronic propaganda towards Syrian crisis.
• Identifying the contents that received most of the coverage in the Syrian crisis by the two news outlets.
• Identifying the terms and phrases that have been most used by the websites of RT and Alhurr

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Isolation and Identification of Vibrio cholerae causes Epidemic cholera 2007 in Iraq by Rapid Method (Immunochromatographic one step rapid visual test) and comparing it with the traditional Bacterlogical Methods
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This study was for searching for Cholera Bacteria serotype which causes epidemiology Cholera in the 2007 in a fast method which contains (Rapid Visual Test) (Crystal V.C.) which was used for the first time in Iraq to diagnosis of Cholera Bacteria & compared with the traditional bacteriology method. The Cholera disease is one of the most dangerous epidemiological diseases which lead to death with a percentage of (50 – 70) % in the severe cases for untreated patients . For this purpose, 100 samples of stool from the patients from a (13) hospitals in Baghdad Governorate in the period from August to the end of December. The Cholera was diagnosis in two methods, 1st method was the fast method using the nitrocellulose which is coated with anti-

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