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Cytotoxic Effect of 6-Ethyl-Chenodeoxycholic Acid and Cabazitaxel on PC-3 Cells
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Introduction. Chemotherapy with Cabazitaxel (CBZ) is a typical first-line treatment option for naïive castration-resistant prostate cancer resistant to docetaxel. On the other hand, Cabazitaxel's therapeutic success is constrained by chemoresistance and side effects.

Aim. To assess whether 6 alpha-ethylchenodeoxycholic acid (6-ECDCA), a selective agonist for bile acid receptors will enhance the efficacy of CBZ in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.

Materials and methods. The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of 6-ECDCA and CBZ medicines or their combinations against the human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3). The combination outcome suggested by Chou TC et al. was then evaluated using the combination index (CI) to find out the nature of synergism, antagonism, and additive effect of the drug’s combination. Furthermore, the Dose-Reduction Index (DRI) was determined to measure how many times the dose could be reduced for each drug in a synergistic combination.

Results and discussion. Analysis of the dose-effect curve showed that the treatment of PC-3 cells with CBZ alone or combined with 6-ECDCA for 48 h led to 50 % cytotoxicity of 20.5 nM and 4.7 nM, respectively. 6-ECDCA at 1.77 µM had an additive effect based on the CI value, which was 1.02, while at 21.02 µM, the CI was 0.54 which designates a strong synergistic effect. The combination of CBZ and 6-ECDCA at a submaximal lower dose by 6-folds of each one produced a 95 % cell death than treatment with either agent alone.

Conclusion. The Combination index plot showed CI ≤ l for all combinations used in this study, which indicates additive and synergistic interactions between CBZ and 6-ECDCA. The significant impact of 6-ECDCA in combination with CBZ for treating androgen-independent prostate cancer cells was confirmed by this study to be preferred to the treatment with a single drug.

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Publication Date
Sun May 11 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Information Systems Engineering And Management
The Effect of the Learning Mastery Strategy using Interactive Learning Techniques as a Therapeutic Method on the Achievement of Secondary School Students in Mathematics
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  The current research aims to identify the effect of the learning mastery strategy using interactive learning as a therapeutic method on the achievement of secondary school students in mathematics. To achieve the research objective, the researcher selected second-grade middle school students at Al-Haybah Intermediate School for Boys and determined his research sample, which consisted of (77) students distributed into two sections: Section (A) the experimental group, with (38) students, and Section (B) the control group, with (39) students. The statistical equivalence of the two research sample groups was confirmed in the variables (intelligence test, previous achievement, and previous knowledge test). The researchers chose the par

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The effect of the Persian Lexemes on the dialect of the Iraq socethren marches لهجهء اهوار جنوب عراق وتأثر آن به واﮊه هاى فارسى
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چکیده

کشورعراق مرزهای زمینی ایران دارد که علاوه بر این ، مشترکات وروابط متعدد اقتصادی ،سیاسی، فرهنگی ودينى ميان هر دو ملت می باشند . عراق بعلت موقعیت جغرافیایی ونزدیکی به ایران سهم بیشتری برای ورود واژه های فارسی به لهجه ی خود داشت ، علاوه بر این رویدادهای سیاسی متقابل قدیم و جدید میان دو کشور سبب ورود بسیاری از لغات فارسی به لهجه ی عراقی شد که کاربرد این لغات هم اکنون در لهجه ی عراقی آشکار است ، ای

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Effect of Red Laser Irradiation on The Optical Properties of Cobalt oxide (CoO<sub>2</sub>) Thin Films deposited via Semi-Computerized Spraying Technique
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Abstract<p>The existing investigation explains the consequence of irradiation of red laser on the optic properties of (CoO<sub>2</sub>) films. The film was equipped by the utilization of semi-computerized spray pyrolysis technique (SCSPT), it is the first time that this technique is used in the preparation and irradiation using a laser in this technique. From the XRD analysis, the crystalline existence with trigonal crystal system was when the received films were processed by continuous red laser (700 nm) with power (>1000mW)for different laser irradiation time using different number of times a laser scan (0, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 times) with total irradiation time(0,30,45,60,75,90 mi</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Numerical simulation to the effect of applying rationing system on the stability of the Earth canal: Birmana canal in Iraq as a case study
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Abstract<p>Extreme conditions will cause the water level of high fill canal segment to change suddenly, which will affect the velocity and pore pressure of the slope. A 9 km irrigation earth canal in the city of Alsyahy, 15 km away from Al-Hilla city, and branching off from the left side of Shatt Al-Hilla at 57 km, was studied. The aim of this work is to study and analyze the effect of rationing system on the Birmana earthen canal during rapid drawdown case. Finite element modeling with Geo-Studio software was used in the present study to analyze the combined seepage and slope stability for three cycles. The resulting minimum safety factor obtained from the analysis using the saturated and</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Evidence-based Complementary And Alternative Medicine
Gelam Honey Inhibits the Production of Proinflammatory, Mediators NO,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>PGE</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mtext>2</mml:mtext></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, TNF-<b><i>α</i></b>, and IL-6 in Carrageenan-Induced Acute Paw Edema in Rats
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Natural honey is well known for its therapeutic value and has been used in traditional medicine of different cultures throughout the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Malaysian Gelam honey in inflammation-induced rats. Paw edema was induced by a subplantar injection of 1% carrageenan into the rat right hind paw. Rats were treated with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Indomethacin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) or Gelam honey at different doses (1 or 2 g/kg, p.o.). The increase in footpad thickness was considered to be edema, which was measured using a dial caliper. Plasma and paw tissue were collected to analyze the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 15 2001
Journal Name
University Of Baghdad, College Of Veterinary Medicine
A Study of Antimicrobial Effect of Oil Extracts of Black Seed (Nigella sativa L.) on some Pathogenic Microorganism that is isolated from Clinical Pathogenic Cases.
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation
The effect of compound exercises in developing front and back stroke skills and some physiological indicators of badminton juniors
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The accuracy of the skillful performance of the front and back dimensions of badminton in volleyball, occurs through the investment of complex exercises (physical skills) in a single performance and its characteristics that give the correct movement behavior and speed to the accuracy of the performance of the strokes as well as the identification of changes in some physiological indicators of By using these compound exercises. The research problem lies: I found a weakness in the accuracy of the performance of the front and back dimensions strike and diagnosed this through the tests that it conducted on the players to identify and know the problem, and attributed this weakness to a weakness in the necessary physical and skill abilities and t

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2012
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Analgesic Effect of Melatonin in Mice
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Background: Melatonin is the main hormone secreted by the pineal gland. This indole compound (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is derived from serotonin after two biochemical steps. Melatonin has been implicated in some pharmacological effects including sedative/hypnotic, anticonvulsant activity and others. The aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive effect of different doses of melatonin administered i.p. to mice, and then, to find the dose- response line of melatonin in mice as analgesic agent.
Methods: The dose response effect of melatonin (10, 50, and 100mg/kg) were assessed against control using tail flick test in mice as a model of nociceptive pain. In this model, all doses of melatonin were given intraperitoneally

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Effect of Strategic Intelligence on the Process of Green Manufacturing An Explorative Study for the Managers Opinions of Sample of Mineral water factories at Dahuk
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         The studying trying to determine the role of  Strategic Intelligence on the Process of Green Manufacturing  of  Sample of Mineral water factories at Dahuk city.  The study submit a theoretical frame of Strategic Intelligence and Green Manufacturing, a supposed sample, had been set to reverye   the nature of the relations and effect in the study  Varity, the study  depend on group of the main and branch concurring with the relations and effect between the Strategic Intelligence and Green Manufacturing to answer the following questions about research to problems:

 What are the relationships and effects between stra

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Publication Date
Mon May 17 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology
The Effect of Exercises with a Proposed Device to Improving Some Bio-Kinematic Variables and the Performance of the Arab Round off Skill on Floor Movement Mat Device of the Artistic Gymnastics for Women
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The importance of the research lies in preparing exercises using a proposed device to learn the skill of thehuman wheel on a machine rug of ground movements of the artistic gymnastics. As for the research problem:Through the presence of the two researchers as teachers and observers of this sport in the gymnastics hall,they noticed that there is difficulty in the students’ performance of the skill of the round off on the machineof the mat of ground movements, according to the researchers’ opinion, the reason for this is that skillsare taught with the limited availability of assistive devices, as well as the lack of use of these devices inexercises according to biomechanical variables, although they facilitate the learning process

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